KTXL

KTXL
CitySacramento, California
Channels
BrandingFox 40
Programming
Affiliations
Ownership
Owner
History
First air date
October 26, 1968
(56 years ago)
 (1968-10-26)
Former channel number(s)
  • Analog: 40 (UHF, 1968–2009)
  • Digital: 55 (UHF, 1999–2009), 40 (UHF, 2009–2020)
Independent (1968–1986)
Call sign meaning
Television and "XL" (Roman numeral 40)
Technical information[2]
Licensing authority
FCC
Facility ID10205
ERP1,000 kW
HAAT599 m (1,965 ft)
Transmitter coordinates38°16′18″N 121°30′22″W / 38.27167°N 121.50611°W / 38.27167; -121.50611
Links
Public license information
Websitefox40.com

KTXL (channel 40) is a television station in Sacramento, California, United States, affiliated with the Fox network. The station is owned by Nexstar Media Group and maintains studios on Fruitridge Road near the Oak Park district on the southern side of Sacramento; its transmitter is located in Walnut Grove, California.

Prior history of channel 40 in Sacramento

KTXL is the third station to use ultra high frequency (UHF) channel 40 in Sacramento.

Television came to Sacramento on September 30, 1953, when KCCC-TV began telecasting.[3] Based in studios on Garden Highway,[4] it aired programming from all four networks of its day—ABC, CBS, NBC, and the DuMont Television Network.[5] However, as very high frequency (VHF) stations began telecasting in the Sacramento region, it slowly lost most of its network affiliations. CBS affiliated with KBET-TV (channel 10, now KXTV), which began in March 1955,[6] and NBC with KCRA-TV (channel 3), which started six months later.[7] At the same time, DuMont ceased providing network programming.[8] Stockton's KOVR-TV (channel 13) was financially struggling in its attempt to operate as an independent station serving Stockton and San Francisco. In 1956, it filed to move its transmitter to Butte Mountain near Jackson in Amador County, which put it in contention to take the ABC affiliation away from KCCC-TV.[9] This happened six months later,[10] and on May 31, 1957, KCCC-TV ceased broadcasting in what amounted to a partial merger with KOVR. The Stockton station became the ABC affiliate of record for Sacramento.[11]

In 1958, a group of former KCCC-TV employees organized as the Capitol Television Corporation with interest in possibly reviving KCCC-TV.[12] A construction permit was awarded to Capitol in November 1958; while the group initially sought to reclaim the KCCC-TV call sign,[13] the resulting station changed to KVUE shortly before going on the air on November 9, 1959.[14][15] The undercapitalized independent station folded on March 18, 1960.[16]

History

Construction and early years

The KVUE license remained in force, but when Lucas filed for a renewal in January 1963, another local group filed a competing application for its own channel 40 station under the name Camellia City Telecasters.[17] Camellia City was owned by Jack Matranga and three other men; Matranga believed that between the existence of the prior channel 40 and forthcoming regulation, there would be enough sets capable of receiving the proposed station.[18] Due to a failure to put the station back on the air, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) dismissed the license renewal application for KVUE in December 1963,[19] but it did not grant the Camellia City Telecasters application until March 1965.[20] Though the application was for channel 40, the FCC ordered the station switched to channel 29 in August 1965,[21] only to revert the change the next year.[22]

In December 1967, the FCC authorized Camellia City Telecasters to sell a majority stake to Community Cablecasting Corporation, and KTXL announced its construction plans.[23] For studios, the station leased a warehouse at 10th and B streets; the transmitter facility would be at Locke, 1 mile (1.6 km) north of the main Sacramento TV station tower at Walnut Grove.[24] KTXL began broadcasting on October 26, 1968, with a lineup of children's programs, movies, and sports.[25] It also aired NBC and CBS programming not cleared by the local affiliates.[26] As the only independent station in the Sacramento market, it aired sports telecasts that in some cases aired on competing stations in the San Francisco area.[27]

KTXL built a new studio facility on Fruitridge Road in 1969.[28] Later that year, 20 percent of the station was sold to the Business Men's Assurance Company (BMA), an insurer based in Kansas City, Missouri.[29] Matranga later recalled that BMA was an "angel" at a time when KTXL's finances were "very dismal".[30] BMA became the 65-percent owner two years later.[31]

In its early years, KTXL offered a variety of non-news local programming. After two years at Modesto's KLOC-TV, children's host Cap'n Mitch (real name Mitch Agruss) joined the channel 40 lineup in 1968.[32] Two years later, Bob Wilkins, who had hosted horror movies at KCRA-TV (channel 3), moved to KTXL to present the Bob Wilkins Horror Show, which ran until 1981.[33] Cap'n Mitch remained on the air at channel 40 until January 1984, when the station eased him out of on-air duties out of a belief that it no longer needed a host for children's programming and in response to declining viewership.[34]

In addition to the Sacramento area, KTXL was available on cable television systems in parts of California, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, and Washington state. In 1970, it was added to the cable system serving Reno;[35] Matranga noted that the addition helped Sacramento firms that had stores in Reno.[36] In 1973, Matranga initiated all-night programming in an attempt to entice more cable systems to put KTXL on their lineups. Two years later, Community Television of Utah began offering KTXL, alongside KTVU and KWGN-TV of Denver, to its subscribers[27] on the first cable TV system in Salt Lake City.[37] The next year, KTXL's all-night movies began being seen by cable subscribers in Rapid City, South Dakota, some 1,000 miles (1,600 km) from Sacramento.[38] Some KTXL programming was included on the Pacific Teletronics microwave channel that also included material from Bay Area independents KTVU, KICU-TV, and KBHK and was distributed to cable systems in Oregon.[39] By 1980, most Bay Area cable systems included KTXL in their lineups.[40]

An attempt by Camellia City Telecasters to contest the arrival of a second independent station in Sacramento placed KTXL's broadcast license in legal jeopardy. KTXL attempted to show to the FCC that Grayson Television, the owner of the then-proposed KMUV-TV (channel 31), was unqualified to be a broadcast licensee. Camellia City Telecasters submitted a pleading containing what purported to be a telex message from Dun & Bradstreet. The alleged telex claimed that Sidney Grayson was the president of Grayson Television, even though he had previously been convicted of income tax evasion. In actuality, Grayson was not a corporate officer but a general manager. In August 1974, the FCC opened a hearing into charges the teletype was forged.[41] In 1975, Grayson Television sued Camellia City for $7.5 million, claiming the filing was an attempt to prevent KMUV-TV from being constructed. The next year, an administrative law judge issued an initial decision finding against KTXL and recommended its license not be renewed.[42] Shortly after, KMUV won $150,000 in a settlement with Camellia City. The FCC voted in June 1978 to overturn the recommendation and renew the KTXL license.[43] Having survived the license challenge, KTXL constructed an addition to its studios in 1980 that nearly doubled their size from 13,000 square feet (1,200 m2) to 25,000 square feet (2,300 m2).[44]

Matranga gained a reputation as a large-scale buyer of movies and syndicated programming. By 1981, KTXL had a film library of 5,000 titles, double what independent stations in comparably sized markets carried, and Matranga was continuing to buy as prices rose, locking in market exclusivity for years to many films.[45] Koplar Communications, owner of channel 31 (by this time KRBK-TV), sued KTXL in 1982, arguing that its spending on hoarding programming inventory was monopolistic and served to starve KRBK of programming.[46] In 1985, KTXL built a new, 2,000-foot (610 m) tower in Walnut Grove,[47] and the next year, it affiliated with the new Fox network.[48]

Matranga and BMA were partners in starting two new independent stations in the western United States. In 1983, the companies partnered to launch KDVR in Denver and KPDX in Vancouver, Washington, serving Portland, Oregon.[30] In 1985, all three stations were put up for sale, primarily because BMA wished to sell in a healthy market for TV stations.[46] No sale eventuated, but in November 1986, Matranga agreed to exchange the remainder of his stake in KTXL for full ownership of KPDX.[49]

Renaissance Broadcasting ownership

In acquiring full ownership of KDVR and KTXL, BMA intended to sell both stations later and moved to do so in 1988.[50] KTXL was purchased that December for $56 million by Renaissance Broadcasting, [51]

Fox affiliation (1986–present)

On October 9, 1986, KTXL became a charter affiliate of the upstart Fox network, and eventually started branding as "Fox 40" on-air. The following year, Camellia City Telecasters sold KTXL to Renaissance Broadcasting. While most Fox affiliates since the mid-1990s have shifted away from running classic sitcoms and cartoons, to run syndicated talk shows on their daytime schedules; until recently, KTXL was among a few stations to be an exception to this status: the daytime lineup continued to feature sitcoms well into the 2000s, even still holding syndication rights to The Andy Griffith Show after many decades. Though many shows from the 1980s and 1990s were featured on the schedule, a few talk shows, reality series and court shows also populated the lineup.

In place of the station's own children's lineup after Captain Mitch's retirement, the station aired programming from Fox Kids until the network eliminated the weekday afternoon block in September 2002; the Saturday morning lineup (which by that time, became known as 4Kids TV) was retained as it began being programmed by 4Kids Entertainment that year until Fox dropped children's programming from its schedule in December 2008.

KTXL, along with NBC affiliate KCRA-TV, are the only Sacramento television stations to have never changed their network affiliations, as they were unaffected by affiliation swaps in 1995 (when KXTV acquired the ABC affiliation from KOVR, which in turn, switched to CBS) and 1998 (when KMAX-TV—channel 31—took UPN from KQCA—channel 58, which switched from UPN to The WB).

KTXL was acquired by Tribune Broadcasting following the company's purchase of Renaissance Broadcasting in 1996.[52]

Sinclair and Fox purchase attempts; sale to Nexstar

Sinclair Broadcast Group announced their purchase of Tribune Media on May 8, 2017, for $3.9 billion and the assumption of $2.7 billion in Tribune-held debt.[53] Sinclair—which previously owned KOVR until selling it to CBS Television Stations in 2005—opted to sell KTXL to Fox Television Stations[54] as one of 23 stations to be divested in order to obtain regulatory approval.[55] The resale to Fox was later amended to be part of a $910 million deal.[56] Tribune Media terminated the merger on August 9, 2018, and filed a breach of contract lawsuit,[57] nullifying both transactions outright;[58] these actions came after FCC lead commissioner Ajit Pai publicly rejected the merger[59] and the commission voted to have the deal subject to review.[60]

Nexstar Media Group and Tribune Media agreed to an acquisition on December 3, 2018, for $6.4 billion in cash and debt.[61][62] The merger closed on September 19, 2019.[63]

News operation

On September 16, 1974, KTXL debuted the 10 O'Clock News, a half-hour 10 p.m. newscast that was the first to air at that time slot in Sacramento.[64] In January 1977, the newscast was lengthened to a full hour as the station hired two new anchors: Bob Whitten, formerly of KCRA-TV, and Larry Camp.[65] The program was reformatted in August 1979 as NewsPlus, featuring a living room–based news set, live interviews and call-in segments. It also featured new anchors, Pat McConahay and Pete Wilson.[66] The format was modeled after The MacNeil/Lehrer Report.[44] This lasted until early 1985, when the station overhauled its news programming. It cut the 10 p.m. local news to 30 minutes, added Independent Network News for national news at 10:30 p.m. and introduced a similarly formatted midday hour at 11 a.m. amid rumors of a sale.[67]

KTXL presently broadcasts 64+1⁄2 hours of locally produced newscasts each week (with 12 hours each weekday, two hours on Saturdays, and 2+1⁄2 hours on Sundays); in regards to the number of hours devoted to news programming, it is the highest local newscast output among Sacramento's broadcast television stations on an individual basis, although KCRA and KQCA produce 67 hours of local newscasts per week combined, while KOVR and KMAX-TV produce 84+1⁄2 hours of local newscasts per week combined. Unlike the market's other stations, KTXL does not broadcast any local newscasts on weekend mornings.

In 1974, KTXL became the first station in the Sacramento market to carry a prime time newscast, titled The Ten O'Clock News. Originally airing only five days a week, before later expanding to a nightly newscast; the program's original anchor team consisted of news anchor Dave Preston, weather and news anchor Jan Jeffries, and sports anchor Ken Gimblin. After Preston left for unknown reasons, Jeffries was named primary anchor with weather anchors substituting. Other news and sports anchors continued the format until 1979, when the newscast was revived by as NewsPlus (later known as The Ten O'Clock NewsPlus), in a format that went beyond regular newscasts (hence the "Plus" in the show's title). Such anchor teams as Andy Asher and Regina Cambell, and later Lauraine Woodward and Ted Mullins helmed the now hour-long newscast until KTXL joined Fox in 1986, and evolved into the current format of what is now Fox 40 News at 10. The newscast was notably promoted in the mid-1980s with a series of humorous advertisements featuring comedic actor Leslie Nielsen.[68]

KTXL's main newscast competition at 10 p.m. includes a newscast on CBS-owned KOVR (which airs one hour earlier than the late newscasts on other "Big Four" stations) and a KCRA-produced news program on KQCA. Channel 40 ranks #1 in the ratings among the 18–49 adult demographic, and often comes in first or second in overall viewership at 10 p.m. It would be the station's sole newscast for over 30 years until the summer of 2005, when KTXL debuted a weekday morning newscast, which originally ran for two hours from 6 to 8 a.m. It primarily competed opposite KMAX's Good Day Sacramento and the first hour of KQCA's morning newscast. On September 8, 2008, the newscast was reformatted to Fox 40 Live and was expanded to 4+1⁄2 hours from 4:30 to 9 a.m. The station hired well-known former Sacramento morning radio personality Paul Robins as anchor, and introduced a new news set adorned with flat-screens and an accompanying kitchen set.

On September 14, 2009, KTXL debuted both a midday newscast at 11 a.m. weekdays (which competes against KXTV's midday newscast in that time period) and an early evening newscast at 5:30 p.m. on weeknights to its schedule (as the only local newscast in the timeslot, and as an alternative to the national news programs on KCRA, KXTV, and KOVR); this was later followed by the addition of a half-hour 6 p.m. newscast in September 2012. For over a decade, Fox (which has no network newscasts aside from Fox News Sunday) has motivated its affiliates and stations to increase local news programming; KTXL and Tribune's other Fox stations did not follow this request until September 2009, when most of the stations (except for KCPQ in Seattle, which would not add early evening newscasts for another year) expanded their newscasts into midday and early evening timeslots.

On January 7, 2010, beginning with its 10 p.m. newscast, KTXL became the fourth station in the Sacramento market to begin broadcasting its local newscasts in high definition. It was the first (and presently, the only) television station in the market to provide news video from the field in true high definition, as KTXL upgraded its ENG vehicles, satellite truck, studio and field cameras and other equipment in order to broadcast news footage from the field in high definition, in addition to segments broadcast from the main studio. This is in contrast to KCRA and KXTV, both of whom broadcast their field reports in widescreen standard definition (KOVR also shoots field reports in high definition but downconverts much of the footage to widescreen standard definition).

On November 4, 2013, KTXL expanded its weekday evening news block to 90 minutes with the addition of a half-hour 5 p.m. newscast.[69] Another expansion was made on September 18, 2017, with the addition of a half-hour 6:30 p.m. newscast. This newscast competes with a long-established newscast on KCRA and, at the time, a KOVR-produced newscast on KMAX-TV. On December 4, 2019, KTXL debuted an hour-long 7 p.m. newscast on weeknights, becoming the first 7 p.m. newscast in the Sacramento media market.

In 2022, the station launched a half-hour 11 p.m. newscast for the first time in its history, competing with the long-established newscasts on KCRA and KXTV, as well as KOVR, but unlike its competitors, it only airs six days a week from Sunday through Friday. The public affairs program, Inside California Politics, instead airs Saturdays at 11 p.m.

In 2023, KTXL launched an hour-long 4 p.m. newscast on weekdays, competing with KCRA and KOVR in the timeslot. As a result, the station airs a continuous four-hour weekday afternoon to evening news block from 4 to 8 p.m. and devotes half of its regular schedule on weekdays to newscasts.

Notable former on-air staff

Controversies

Nodar Kumaritashvili crash video

On February 12, 2010, KTXL was one of the first media outlets to obtain a video copy of a luge accident that occurred during the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver, which resulted in the death of Georgian luger Nodar Kumaritashvili.[70] KTXL made the editorial decision to post the video on its website, ahead of several major national and international outlets. The video clip raised some debate among journalism critics and editorial boards at several news organizations as to whether the footage should have been broadcast or posted online at all (the footage was briefly available on YouTube, but was removed several times due to copyright takedown notices filed by the International Olympic Committee).

In an interview with the Seattle Post-Intelligencer, a KTXL staff member cited fair use as the decision to post the clip on the website after questions arose about the safety of the luge track.[71] The station also ran the complete footage (though with occasional pauses and a viewer discretion advisory) during its 5:30 p.m. newscast that evening. The video was later distributed by KTXL to several other Tribune-owned websites.[72]

Miss Universe 2015

During KTXL's broadcast of the Miss Universe 2015 pageant on Fox (in which host Steve Harvey accidentally announced the wrong winner of the pageant), the station's broadcast automation system was not put on pause, cutting off the final minutes of the pageant inadvertently to start the station's 10 p.m. newscast on time (the broadcast ended two minutes longer than scheduled due to Harvey's mistake, a schedule discrepancy which remained despite Fox's western feed airing the event on a three-hour tape delay). This meant viewers in the Sacramento market were unable to see the apology and crowning of the winner. In addition, the newscast that followed did not mention the event.[73]

Technical information

Subchannels

The station's signal is multiplexed:

Subchannels of KTXL[74]
Channel Res. Aspect Short name Programming
40.1 720p 16:9 KTXL-TV Fox
40.2 480i Ant TV Antenna TV
40.3 Grit TV Grit
40.4 TBD TV Roar

On January 1, 2011, KTXL became a charter affiliate of the Antenna TV network upon its launch; it is carried on digital subchannel 40.2.[75]

Analog-to-digital conversion

In November 1999, KTXL installed the first full-power digital television transmitter in the Sacramento market operating on UHF channel 55. KTXL shut down its analog signal, over UHF channel 40, on June 12, 2009, as part of the federally mandated transition from analog to digital television.[76] The station's digital signal relocated from its pre-transition UHF channel 55, which was among the high band UHF channels (52-69) that were removed from broadcasting use as a result of the transition, to its analog-era UHF channel 40 for post-transition operations. With the transition, the height of the station's transmitter tower was increased to 2,030 feet (619 m).

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