List of contemporary ethnic groups

The following is a list of contemporary ethnic groups. There has been constant debate over the classification of ethnic groups. Membership of an ethnic group tends to be associated with shared ancestry, history, homeland, language or dialect and cultural heritage; where the term "culture" specifically includes aspects such as religion, mythology and ritual, cuisine, dressing (clothing) style and other factors.

By the nature of the concept, ethnic groups tend to be divided into subgroups, may themselves be or not be identified as independent ethnic groups depending on the source consulted.

Ethnic groups

The following groups are commonly identified as "ethnic groups", as opposed to ethno-linguistic phyla, national groups, racial groups or similar.^[1]^[2]


Ethnicity	Language(s)	Primary homeland	Subgroups, tribes & castes	Religion(s)
Abagusii	Atlantic–Congo → Bantu → Gusii	Kenya (Kisii County, Nyamira County, Kericho County, Bomet County)	Abagetutu, Abanyaribari, Abagirango, Abanchari, Abamachoge, Ababasi	Christianity, Traditional African religion
Abazins	Northwest Caucasian → Abazgi → Abaza	Russia (Abazinia)	Significant populations in Turkey, Egypt, and Russia	Islam → Sunni Islam
Abelam	Sepik → Ndu → Abelam	Papua New Guinea (East Sepik)		Christianity
Abenaki	Algic → Algonquian → Western Abenaki, historically Algic → Algonquian → Eastern Abenaki	Canada (Quebec), United States (Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont)		Abenaki religion
Abkhazians	Northwest Caucasian → Abazgi → Abkhaz	Georgia (Abkhazia)^{[note 1]}	Sadz, Afro-Abkhazians, Byzb, Abzhui, Samurzakan	Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy → Abkhazian Orthodoxy; Islam → Sunnism
Acehnese	Austronesian → Chamic → Acehnese	Indonesia (Aceh)	Significant populations in Australia, Canada, Denmark, Norway, Sweden, and the United States	Islam → Sunnism
Achagua	Arawakan → Upper Amazon Arawakan → Achagua	Colombia (Meta), Venezuela		Traditional religion, Christianity → Catholicism
Aché	Tupian → Guarani → Aché	Paraguay		Native American religion
Acholi	Nilotic → Luo → Acholi	South Sudan, Uganda (Acholiland)	Agago, Amuru, Gulu, Kitgum, Lamwo, Nwoya, Pader, Omoro	Christianity, Islam
Adi	Sino-Tibetan → Tani → Adi	India (Arunachal Pradesh), China (Tibet)	Abor (including Padam)	Donyi-Polo, Christianity, Buddhism
Adjoukrou	Niger–Congo → Kwa → Adjukru	Ivory Coast (Dabou)		Christianity
Afar	Afroasiatic → Cushitic → Afar	Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia (Afaria)		Islam
Afemai	Atlantic–Congo → Edoid → Afenmai	Nigeria (Edo State)		Christianity
Afghan Tatars	Turkic → Kipchak → Tatar → Afghan Tatar; Indo-European → Iranic → Dari, Pashto; Turkic → Karluk → Uzbek; Turkic → Oghuz → Turkmen	Afghanistan (Afghan Turkestan)		Islam → Sunnism → Hanafism
African-Americans	Indo-European → Germanic → English → American English; Indo-European → French Creole → Louisiana Creole; Indo-European → English Creole → Gullah, Afro-Seminole Creole; Francosign → ASLic → American Sign → Black American Sign	Southern United States, Mexico (Coahuila)	Black Southerners, Creoles of color, Black Native Americans (including Freedmen (including Black Seminoles (including Mascogos), Cherokee Freedmen, Choctaw Freedmen, Creek Freedmen)), Gullah, Samaná Americans, Affrilachians, Afro-Romani Americans, along with significant populations in France, Africa (including Ghana), Israel, and Canada	Christianity → Protestantism → Black church; Hoodoo; Islam
Afrikaners	Indo-European → Germanic → Dutch → Afrikaans	South Africa		Christianity → Protestantism → Calvinism
Afro-Anguillians	Indo-European → Germanic → English; Indo-European → English-based creoles → Antiguan and Barbudan Creole → Anguillian Creole	Anguilla		Christianity
Afro–Antiguans and Barbudans	Indo-European → Germanic → English → Antiguan and Barbudan English; Indo-European → English-based creoles → Antiguan and Barbudan Creole	Antigua and Barbuda	Barbudans	Christianity → Catholicism, Protestantism → Anglicanism, Methodism, Calvinism, Baptist;
Afro-Argentines	Indo-European → Romance → Spanish → Rioplatense Spanish	Argentina		Christianity → Catholicism
Afro-Arubans	Indo-European → Portuguese-based creoles → Papiamento; Indo-European → Germanic → Dutch, English; Indo-European → Romance → Spanish	Aruba		Christianity
Afro-Bahamians	Indo-European → Germanic → English → Bahamian English; Indo-European → English-based creoles → Bahamian Creole	The Bahamas		Christianity
Afro-Barbadians	Indo-European → Germanic → English → Bajan English; Indo-European → English-based creoles → Bajan Creole	Barbados		Christianity
Afro-Bermudians	Indo-European → Germanic → English → Bermudian English; Indo-European → English-based creoles → Jamaican Patois → Bermudian Creole	Bermuda		Christianity
Afro-Bolivians	Indo-European → Romance → Spanish → Bolivian Spanish	Bolivia (Bolivian Yungas)		Christianity → Catholicism
Afro-Brazilians	Indo-European → Romance → Portuguese → Brazilian Portuguese, Cafundó	Brazil		Christianity → Catholicism
Afro-Chileans	Indo-European → Romance → Spanish → Chilean Spanish	Chile (Arica y Parinacota Region, Tarapacá Region and Santiago Metropolitan Region)		Christianity → Catholicism
Afro-Colombians	Indo-European → Romance → Spanish → Colombian Spanish; Indo-European → Spanish-based creole → Palenquero; Indo-European → English-based creole → San Andres-Providencia Creole	Colombia (Pacific region, Caribbean region)	Palenques, Raizals	Christianity → Catholicism
Afro–Costa Ricans	Indo-European → Romance → Spanish → Costa Rican Spanish; Indo-European → English-based creole → Limonese Creole	Costa Rica (Puerto Limon, San Jose, Alajuela, Heredia)		Christianity → Catholicism, Protestantism
Afro-Cubans	Indo-European → Romance → Portuguese, Spanish → Cuban Spanish; Indo-European → Germanic → English; Cuban Sign Language; Atlantic–Congo → Yoruboid → Lucumí; Atlantic–Congo and Indo-European → Kongo and Bozal Spanish → Habla Congo	Cuba	Ganga-Longoba, Afro-Cuban Roma	Christianity → Catholicism, Protestantism; Islam; Afro-American religions: Abakuá, Arará religion, Cuban Vodú, Palo, Santería
Afro-Curaçaoans	Indo-European → Germanic → Dutch, English; Indo-European → Portuguese-based creole → Papiamento; Indo-European → Romance → Spanish	Curaçao		Christianity
Afro-Dominicans (Dominica)	Indo-European → Germanic → English; Indo-European → French-based creole → Dominican Creole French	Dominica		Christianity → Catholicism, Protestantism
Afro-Dominicans (Dominican Republic)	Indo-European → Romance → Spanish → Dominican Spanish; Indo-European → Germanic → English → Samaná English	Dominican Republic	Samaná Americans	Christianity → Protestantism, Catholicism; Dominican Vudú
Afro-Ecuadorians	Various African languages → Forced loss of languages due to slavery in the Americas Spanish (adopted language)	Ecuador (Esmeraldas Province, Guayaquil, Valle del Chota, Imbabura Province Sucumbíos Province)		Christianity → Catholicism
Afro-Grenadians	Indo-European → English-based creoles → Grenadian Creole English; Indo-European → French-based creoles → Grenadian Creole French	Grenada		Christianity → Catholicism; Protestantism → Anglicanism, Methodism, Calvinism, Baptist, etc; Afro-American religions; Traditional African religions; Islam
Afro-Guatemalans	Various African languages → Forced loss of languages due to slavery in the Americas Spanish (adopted language) English (adopted language) Garifuna (adopted language)	Guatemala (Livingston (Garifuna settlement), Puerto Barrios and Santo Tomas)		Christianity → Catholicism, Protestantism
Afro-Guyanese	Various African languages → Forced loss of languages due to slavery in the Americas English (adopted language)→ Guyanese Creole	Guyana		Christianity → Catholicism; Protestantism → Anglicanism, Methodism, Calvinism, Baptist, etc; Afro-American religions; Traditional African religions; Islam; Rastafari; Comfa
Afro-Haitians	Various African languages → Forced loss of languages due to slavery in the Americas French (adopted language) → Haitian Creole	Haiti		Christianity → Catholicism; Islam; Haitian Voudou
Afro-Hondurans	Various African languages → Forced loss of languages due to slavery in the Americas Spanish (adopted language) English → Bay Islands English (adopted language) Garifuna (adopted language) Miskito (adopted language)	Honduras		Christianity → Catholicism, Protestantism
Afro-Jamaicans	Various African languages → Forced loss of languages due to slavery in the Americas English (adopted language)→ Jamaican English, Jamaican Patois	Jamaica		Christianity; Convince; Jamaican Maroon religion; Kumina; Rastafari; Judaism
Afro–Kittitians and Nevisians	Various African languages → Forced loss of languages due to slavery in the Americas English (adopted language)	Saint Kitts and Nevis		Christianity; Rastafari
Afro-Mexicans	Various African languages → Forced loss of languages due to slavery in the Americas Spanish → Mexican Spanish	Mexico (Guerrero, Lázaro Cárdenas, Huetamo, Oaxaca, Veracruz, Greater Mexico City, Guadalajara and Múzquiz Municipality)	Mascogos	Christianity → Catholicism, Protestantism; Afro-American religions
Afro-Nicaraguans	Various African languages → Forced loss of languages due to slavery in the Americas Spanish → Nicaraguan Spanish, Miskito Coast Creole	Nicaragua		Christianity → Catholicism
Afro-Panamanians	Various African languages → Forced loss of languages due to slavery in the Americas Spanish (adopted language) → Panamanian Spanish English → Bocas del Toro Creole	Panama		Christianity → Catholicism
Afro-Paraguayans	Various African languages → Forced loss of languages due to slavery in the Americas Spanish (adopted language)	Paraguay (Central Department, Paraguari Department and Cordillera Department)		Christianity → Catholicism
Afro-Peruvians	Various African languages → Forced loss of languages due to slavery in the Americas Spanish (adopted language)	Peru (Lima, Piura, Lambayeque, Tumbes and Ica)		Christianity → Catholicism, Protestantism; Buddhism; Animism, etc
Afro-Puerto Ricans	Various African languages → Forced loss of languages due to slavery in the Americas Spanish (adopted language) → Bozal Spanish (dialect possibly extinct) Atlantic–Congo → Yoruba → Lucumí (lithurgical language) Niger–Congo → Bantu → Kongo → Habla Congo (lithurgical language)	United States (Puerto Rico)		Christianity → Catholicism, Protestantism; African diaspora religions; Animism, etc
Afro–Saint Lucians	Various African languages → Forced loss of languages due to slavery in the Americas English (adopted language) French (adopted language) → Saint Lucian Creole	Saint Lucia		Christianity; Kélé
Afro-Salvadorans	Various African languages → Forced loss of languages due to slavery in the Americas Spanish (adopted language)	El Salvador (Sonsonate, Ahuachapán, San Miguel, and La Unión)		Christianity → Catholicism, Protestantism; African diaspora religions; Rastafari
Afro-Surinamese	Various African languages → Forced loss of languages due to slavery in the Americas Dutch (adopted language) English (adopted language) → Sranan Tongo, Aukan, Kwinti English + Portuguese → Saramaccan	Suriname		Christianity, Winti
Afro–Trinidadians and Tobagonians	Various African languages → Forced loss of languages due to slavery in the Americas English (adopted language) → Trinidadian Creole, Tobagonian Creole French (adopted language) → Antillean Creole Spanish (adopted language)	Trinidad and Tobago		Christianity → Catholicism and Protestantism; Afro-American religions; Traditional African religions; Islam; etc
Afro-Turks	Various African languages → Forced loss of languages due to slavery in the Ottoman Empire Turkish (adopted language)	Turkey		Islam
Afro-Uruguayans	Various African languages → Forced loss of languages due to slavery in the Americas Spanish (adopted language) → Rioplatense Spanish Spanish + Portuguese → Portuñol	Uruguay		Christianity → Catholicism, Protestantism; etc
Afro-Venezuelans	Various African languages → Forced loss of languages due to slavery in the Americas Spanish (adopted language)	Venezuela (Venezuelan Caribbean and Barlovento)		Christianity → Catholicism, Protestantism; Birongo; Cult to María Lionza
Afro-Vincentians	Various African languages → Forced loss of languages due to slavery in the Americas English (adopted language) → Vincentian Creole,	Saint Vincent and the Grenadines		Christianity
Afro–Virgin Islanders	Various African languages → Forced loss of languages due to slavery in the Americas English (adopted language) → Virgin Islands Creole Dutch (adopted language) French (adopted language) Historically Dutch → Zeelandic-based creole → Negerhollands	Virgin Islands (United Kingdom, United States), SSS islands (Netherlands, France)		Christianity
Agaw	Afroasiatic → Cushitic → Agaw^{[note 2]}	Horn of Africa (Ethiopia, Eritrea)^{[note 3]}	Bilen, Ximre, Awi, Qemant	Christianity → Oriental Orthodoxy → Ethiopian Orthodoxy
Aghuls	Northeast Caucasian → Lezgic → Aghul	Russia (Dagestan)		Islam → Sunni Islam^[3]
Ahoms	Kra–Dai → Tai → Ahom^{[note 4]}	India (Assam, Arunachal Pradesh)		Hinduism, Ahom religion
Ahtna	Na-Dene → Athabaskan → Ahtna	United States (Alaska)		Christianity, Native American religion
Aikana	Aikana language	Brazil (Rondonia)		Animism
Aimaq	Indo-European → Iranic → Aimaq	Afghanistan	Aimaq Hazara, Firozkohi, Jamshidi, Aimaq Kipchaks, Timuri, Taymani	Islam → Sunni Islam
Ainus	Ainu → Hokkaido Ainu; historically Ainu → Sakhalin Ainu, Kuril Ainu	Japan (Hokkaido, Tōhoku region), Russia (Sakhalin, Kamchatka Peninsula, Khabarovsk Krai), Kuril Islands (Russia or Japan)	Hokkaido Ainus (including Ishikari Ainus, Menasunkur Ainus, Sumunkur Ainus, and Uchiura Ainus), Tokyo Ainus, Sakhalin Ainus, Russian Ainus	Animism → Ainu folk religion; Buddhism → Nichiren Shōshū; Shinto; Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy → Russian Orthodoxy
Aja	Niger–Congo → Kwa → Adja	Benin, Togo		West African Vodun
Aka	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Aka	Central African Republic, Republic of the Congo		Traditional Aka religion^[4]
Akans	Niger–Congo → Kwa → Central Tano,^{[note 2]}^{[note 5]} Avikam–Alladian,^{[note 2]} Potou,^{[note 2]} Abé, Abidji, Attie, Ega;^[5] Francosign → American Sign → Ghanaian Sign; Adamorobe Sign; Nanabin Sign	Ghana (Gold Coast)^{[note 6]}	Abbé, Abidji, Ahafo, Ahanta, Akuapem, Akwamu, Akyem, Alladian, Anyi, Ashanti, Assin, Attie, Avikam, Baoulé, Bonos, Chakosi, Egas, Evalue, Fante, M'Bato, Nzema, Sefwi (including House of Israel), Tchaman, Wasa	Christianity
Akha	Sino-Tibetan → Loloish → Akha	China (Pu'er and Xishuangbanna)^{[note 7]}	Akeu	Animism
Akhvakhs	Northeast Caucasian → Avar–Andic → Akhvakh	Russia (Dagestan), Azerbaijan (Zagatala District)		Islam
Akie	Nilotic → Kalenjin → Akie Nilo-Saharan → Nilotic → Maasai (adopted language)^[6]	Tanzania (Manyara Region)		Traditional Akie religion^[7]
Alabamas	Muskogean → Alabama–Koasati → Alabama^{[note 8]}	United States (Alabama–Quassarte Tribal Town, Alabama–Coushatta Reservation)^{[note 9]}		Christianity → Protestantism; Ethnic religion
Alavi Bohras	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Gujarati → Lisan ud-Dawat	India (Gujarat)		Islam → Shia Islam → Isma'ilism
Albanians	Indo-European → Albanoid → Albanian^{[note 2]} Albanian Sign Language Francosign → Austro-Hungarian Sign → Yugoslav Sign	Southeastern Europe	Ghegs (including Arbanasi and Kosovars), Tosks (including Arbereshe, Cham Albanians, Arvanites, Lab Albanians), Albanian tribes, along with significant populations in Turkey, Egypt, Syria, France, the United Kingdom Italy, Spain, Germany, the Netherlands, Austria, Belgium, Nordic countries, Switzerland, Greece (including Western Thrace), Ukraine, Romania, Hungary, Croatia, Montenegro, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, Bulgaria, North Macedonia, Australia, Canada, and the United States	Islam → Sunni Islam, Islam → Sufism → Bektashism, Christianity
Aleuts	Eskaleut → Aleut	Aleutian Islands (United States, Russia)	Agdaagux Tribe	Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy
Alexandrian Greek Christians	Historically Indo-European → Hellenic; Afroasiatic → Arabic → Egyptian Arabic	Egypt		Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy → Greek Orthodoxy → Greek Orthodox Church of Alexandria, Catholicism → Melkite Catholicism
Altaians	Turkic → Kipchak → Southern Altai, Northern Altai	Russia (Altai Republic and Altai Krai), Mongolia (Altai Mountains), China (Altay Prefecture)		Altai faith
Alur	Nilo-Saharan → Nilotic → Alur	Uganda (West Nile sub-region), Democratic Republic of the Congo (Ituri Province)		Christianity
Alutiiq	Eskaleut → Eskimo → Alutiiq	United States (Alaska)	Chugach	Christianity
Alyutors	Chukotko-Kamchatkan → Chukotkan → Alyutor	Russia (Koryak Okrug)		Shamanism, Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy
Ambonese	Austronesian → Malayic → Ambonese Malay	Indonesia (Ambon Island)		Christianity → Protestantism → Calvinism
Ambundu	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Kimbundu	Angola		Christianity, Traditional African religions
Amdang	Furan → Amdang	Sudan (West Darfur), Chad (Wadi Fira)		Islam
Americo-Liberians	Various languages of different African ethnic groups (originally, descendants of African-American slaves who were freed and returned to Africa) English (adopted language) English → Merico English → Liberian Kreyol	Liberia		Christianity → Protestantism
Amhara	Afroasiatic → Semitic → Ethiopic → Amharic	Ethiopia (Amharia)		Christianity → Oriental Orthodoxy → Ethiopian Orthodoxy
Amis	Austronesian → Formosan → Amis	Taiwan (Taitung and Hualien Counties)		Animism, Christianity
Amish	Indo-European → Germanic → Pennsylvania Dutch	United States		Christianity → Anabaptism
Amung	Trans-New Guinea → Amung	Indonesia (Mimika, Puncak)		Christianity
Andis	Northeast Caucasian → Avar–Andic → Andi	Russia (Dagestan)		Islam
Aneuk Jamee	Austronesian → Malayic → Minangkabau → Aneuk Jamee^{[note 10]}	Indonesia (Aceh)		Islam
Anglo-Americans	Indo-European → Germanic → English → United States English; Francosign → ASLic → American Sign	United States	New England Americans, Middle Atlantic Americans, Midwestern Americans, Southern Americans, Western Americans	Christianity → Catholicism, Protestantism → Anglicanism, Methodism, Calvinism, Evangelicalism
Anglo-Burmese	Indo-European → Germanic → English, Sino-Tibetan → Lolo-Burmese → Burmese, Sino-Tibetan → Tibeto-Burman → Karenic → Karen	Myanmar	Significant population in Western Australia	Christianity → Catholicism, Protestantism → Anglicanism; Buddhism
Anglo-Canadians	Indo-European → Germanic → English → Canadian English, Francosign → ASLic → American Sign	Canada	Ontarians, Anglo-Quebecers, Nova Scotians, New Brunswickers, Manitobans, British Columbians, Prince Edward Islanders, Saskatchewanians, Albertans, Newfoundlanders, Labradorians, Northwest Territorians, Yukoners, Anglo-Nunavummiut	Christianity → Protestantism → Anglicanism, Methodism, Calvinism; Catholicism
Anglo-Celtic Australians	Indo-European → Germanic → English → Australian English	Australia		Christianity
Anglo-Indians	Indo-Europeans → Germanic → English	India	Significant populations in the United Kingdom, Australia, and Bangladesh	Christianity
Anglo-Irish	Indo-European → Germanic → English → Hiberno-English; Francosign → Irish Sign, BANZSL → British Sign; BANZSL → British Sign → Northern Ireland Sign	Ireland		Christianity → Protestantism → Anglicanism
Anglo-New Zealanders	Indo-European → Germanic → English → New Zealand English	New Zealand		Christianity → Protestantism → Anglicanism
Anglo-South Africans	Indo-European → Germanic → English → South African English	South Africa	Significant populations in the United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand, Canada, and the United States	Christianity
Angu	Trans-New Guinea → Angan^{[note 2]}	Papua New Guinea (Kratke Range)		Animism
Anindilyakwa	East Arnhem → Anindilyakwa–Nunggubuyu → Anindilyakwa	Australia (Groote Eylandt, Bickerton Island)		Animism
Antakirinja	Pama-Nyungan → Wati → Antakarinya	Australia (South Australia)		Animism
Antiochian Greek Christians	Afroasiatic → Arabic → Levantine Arabic (adopted), historically Indo-European → Hellenic	Levant (Lebanon, Syria, Israel, Jordan, Palestine, Turkey (Hatay))	Jerusalemite Greek Christians	Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy → Greek Orthodoxy → Greek Orthodox Church of Antioch, Greek Orthodox Church of Jerusalem, Catholicism → Melkite Catholicism
Anuak	Nilo-Saharan → Nilotic → Anuak	Ethiopia (Anuakia), South Sudan (Boma)		Christianity
Anuta	Austronesian → Polynesian → Anuta	Solomon Islands (Anuta)		Christianity
Apache	Na-Dene → Athabaskan → Apachean^{[note 2]}^{[note 11]}	United States (Apacheria)	Chiricahua, Jicarilla, Lipan, Mescalero, Salinero, Plains Apache, Western Apache	Native American religions → Native American Church
Apanyekra	Macro-Je → Je → Canela	Brazil (Northeast Region)		Ethnic religion
Apinajé	Macro-Je → Je → Apinayé	Brazil (Tocantins)		Animism
Arabs	Afroasiatic → Semitic → Arabic;^{[note 2]} Arab Sign;^{[note 2]} Al-Sayyid Bedouin Sign; Kafr Qasem Sign; Sudanese sign languages;^{[note 2]} historically Afroasiatic → Arabic → Sicilian Arabic, Andalusi Arabic, and Shirvani Arabic	West Asia (especially the Arabian Peninsula^[8] and Syrian Desert),^[9] North Africa, Sahel	Bedouins (including Palestinian Bedouins (including Jahalin Bedouins, Negev Bedouins (including Al-Sayyid Bedouins and Hanajira), Galilee Bedouins, Ta'amreh), Tarabin Bedouins, Bedul, Beni Ades, Liyathnah), Israeli Arabs, Palestinians (including Palestinian Christians, Palestinian Baháʼís, Palestinian Muslims (including Palestinian Metawalis), Palestinian Bedouins (including Jahalin Bedouins), and Afro-Palestinians), Egyptian Arabs (including Upper Egyptian Arabs^[10]), Maghrebi Arabs, Dawada, Iranian Arabs (including Khuzestani Arabs, Khorasani Arabs, Huwalas, and Khamseh Arabs), Sudanese Arabs, Marsh Arabs, Arab Christians^[11] (including Antiochians, Jerusalemites, and Alexandrians), Alawites, Druze,^[12] Hadharem, Mhallami, Rashaida, Baggara Arabs (including Shuweihat), Abbala Arabs, Azawagh Arabs, Diffa Arabs, Manga Arabs, Ababda, Baharna (including in Kuwait) Arab-Persians, Arab-Berbers, with diaspora populations (including the Palestinian diaspora) in Europe (including the United Kingdom, the Caucasus, Sweden, Spain), Turkey, Pakistan (including Palestinians), India, Colombia, Chile (including Palestinians), Nicaragua, Brazil (including Palestinians), Mexico (including Palestinians), Venezuela, the United States (including Palestinians), Canada, Haiti (including Palestinians), Cuba, El Salvador (including Palestinians), Australia (including Palestinians), New Zealand, Singapore	Islam → Sunni Islam, Sufism, Shia Islam → Twelver Shi'ism, Isma'ilism → Tayyibi Isma'ilism → Sulaymani, Zaydism, Ibadism
Aragonese	Indo-European → Romance → Aragonese, Indo-European → Romance → Spanish	Spain (Aragon)		Christianity → Catholicism
Aranadans	Dravidian → Malayalamoid → Eranadan	India (Kerala)		Hinduism
Arapaho	Algic → Algonquian → Arapahoan → Arapaho	United States (Colorado, Wyoming)		Christianity, Native American Church
Argobba	Afroasiatic → Ethiopic → Argobba^{[note 12]}	Ethiopia (Afar, Harari, Amhara, and Oromia Regions)^{[note 3]}		Islam → Sunni Islam
Armenians	Indo-European → Armenian,^{[note 2]} Northwest Caucasian → Circassian,^{[note 2]} Armenian Sign, historically Harsneren, Turkic → Kipchak → Armeno-Kipchak	Armenian highlands (Armenia, Turkey (Western Armenia)),^{[note 13]} Azerbaijan, Ukraine (Crimea), Russia (Kuban, Adygea), Georgia	Turkish Armenians (including Armenians in Istanbul, Hemshin, and Hidden Armenians), Cherkesogai, Armeno-Tats, Zoks, Hayhurum, Karabakhis and historically Udis and Turkic peoples who adhered to the Armenian Apostolic Church, along with significant populations in Russia, Belarus, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Serbia, Poland, Greece, Hungary, Moldova, Romania, Ukraine (including Crimea), Cyprus, the United States, Canada, Mexico, Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay, France, Spain, the United Kingdom, Sweden, Switzerland, Italy, Malta, Georgia (including Samtskhe–Javakheti, Abkhazia, and Tbilisi), Azerbaijan, (including Baku), Egypt, Lebanon, Pakistan, Iran, Qatar, Iraq, Kuwait, Syria, the United Arab Emirates, Israel, Jordan, Ethiopia, China, India, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Singapore, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Israel, Palestine, the Netherlands, and Germany	Christianity → Oriental Orthodoxy, Catholicism → Eastern Catholicism → Armenian Catholicism
Aromanians	Indo-European → Romance → Aromanian	Balkans (Greece, Albania, North Macedonia, Serbia, Bulgaria, Romania)^{[note 3]}	Significant populations in Greece, Albania, Romania, Bulgaria, Serbia, and North Macedonia, along with diaspora populations	Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy
Arrernte	Pama-Nyungan → Arandic → Arrernte	Australia (Arrernte Land)		Alcheringa
Ashkali	Indo-European → Albanian	Kosovo		Islam → Sunni Islam
Asmat	Trans–New Guinea → Asmat–Kamrau → Asmat^{[note 2]}	Indonesia (South Papua)		Christianity
Assamese	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Assamese	India (Assam)	Assamese Brahmins, Kalitas, Kaibartas, Assamese Muslims, Chutias	Hinduism
Assiniboine	Siouan → Western Siouan → Assiniboine	Canada (Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta), United States (North Dakota, Montana)	Bizebina, Insaombi, Wokpanbi	Traditional Assiniboine religion
Assyrians	Afro-Asiatic → Semitic → Suret	Assyrian homeland	Urmia tribes (Tyari, Jilu, Baz, Tkhuma, Nochiya), Tur Abdin, Hakkari	Syriac Christianity
Asturians	Indo-European → Romance → Asturleonese → Asturian, Indo-European → Romance → Galician and Asturleonese → Eonavian^{[note 14]}	Spain (Asturias)	Eonavians	Christianity → Catholicism
Asurs	Austroasiatic → Munda → Asur–Birjia^{[note 2]}	India (Bihar, Jharkhand)	Bir, Asur, Birjia, Agaria	Animism and Hinduism → Asur religion
Atacama	Kunza	Chile (Atacama Desert, Altiplano), Argentina (Altiplano), Bolivia (Antofagasta Region)		Inca Religion
Atayals	Austronesian → Formosan → Atayal; Japonic → Japanese-based creole → Yilan Creole Japanese	Taiwan		Animism, Christianity
Ati	Ati language	Western Visayas		Animism, Christianity
Atikamekw	Algic → Algonquian → Atikamekw	Canada (Nitaskinan)		Christianity → Catholicism, Ethnic religion
Atoni	Austronesian → Timoric → Uab Meto	Indonesia (West Timor), East Timor (Oecusse)	Amarasi	Christianity
Atyap	Niger–Congo → Plateau → Atyap	Nigeria (Kaduna State)		Christianity
Austral Islanders	Austronesian → Polynesian → Austral	France (Austral Islands)		Christianity
Austrians	Indo-European → Germanic → German → Austrian German	Austria	significant populations in United States, Canada, and Australia	Christianity → Catholicism
Avars	Northeast Caucasian → Avar–Andic → Avar, Northeast Caucasian → Lezgic → Archi	Russia (Dagestan, Chechnya, Dagestan, Kalmykia), Azerbaijan (Balakan, Zagatala), Turkey, Georgia	Archis, Kvareli Avars	Islam → Sunni Islam
Awa	Barbacoan → Awan → Awa	Colombia (Narino), Ecuador (Carchi)		Christianity
Awadhis	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Awadhi	India (Awadh)	Barhai	Hinduism
Aymara	Aymaran → Aymara	Bolivia, Peru, Chile		Christianity → Catholicism
Äynu	Turkic and Indo-European → Uyghur and Persian → Äynu; Turkic → Karluk → Uyghur	China (Xinjiang)		Islam → Shi'ism → Alevism
Azerbaijanis	Turkic → Oghuz → Azeri,^{[note 2]} Afshar, Turkmen → Ersari; Francosign → RSLic → Russian Sign → Azerbaijani Sign	Azerbaijan, Iran (Iranian Azerbaijan), Armenia, Turkmenistan (Balkan Region, Lebap Region), Uzbekistan (Bukhara Region), Russia (Dagestan)	Ayrums, Baharlu, Bayat, Karadaghis, Qajars, Kuresunni, Padar, Qarapapaqs, Shahsevan, Terekeme, Yeraz, Dagestani Azerbaijanis, Afshar (including Javanshir Qizilbash, Urmian Afshars), Iranian Azeris, along with significant populations in Georgia, Russia, and historically Armenia	Islam → Shi'ism
Babur and Bura	Afroasiatic → Chadic → Bura	Nigeria (Borno State and Adamawa State)	Babur, Bura	Islam
Badagas	Dravidian → Badaga–Kannada → Badaga	India (Nilgiris district)		Hinduism
Bagirmi	Nilo-Saharan → Central Sudanic → Bongo-Bagirmi → Bagirmi language	Chad (Chari-Baguirmi)		Islam → Folk Islam
Bagvalals	Northeast Caucasian → Avar–Andic → Bagvalal	Russia (Dagestan)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Bahnar	Austroasiatic → Bahnaric → Bahnar	Vietnam (Central Highlands)		Animism
Bai	Sino-Tibetan → Macro-Bai → Bai^{[note 2]}	China (Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, Bijie, Sangzhi County)		Buddhism, Benzhuism, Daoism
Baining	Baining languages^{[note 2]}	Papua New Guinea (Gazelle Peninsula)	Kairak, Mali, Qaqet, Simbali, Ura	Christianity, Pomio Kivung
Bajuni	Atlantic–Congo → Bantu → Swahili → Bajuni	Somalia (Bajuni Islands), Kenya (Coast Province)		Islam → Sunnism → Shafi'ism
Bakarwal	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Gujari → Bakarwal	India or Pakistan (Kashmir)		Islam
Bakossi	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Akoose	Cameroon (Bakossi Mountains)		Christianity → Catholicism
Balanta	Niger–Congo → West Atlantic → Senegambian → Balanta^{[note 2]}	Guinea-Bissau, Senegal, The Gambia		Traditional African religions
Balinese	Austronesian → Balinese	Indonesia (Bali)	Bali Aga	Hinduism → Balinese Hinduism
Balkars	Turkic → Kipchak → Balkar	Russia (Kabardino-Balkaria)	Elbrus Tatars	Islam → Sunni Islam
Balochs	Indo-European → Iranic → Balochi	Balochistan (Pakistan (Balochistan), Iran (Sistan and Baluchestan), Afghanistan (Balochistan))	Askani, Bajkani, Bangulzai, Barazani, Bhurgari, Bugti, Buledi, Chandio, Darzada, Dehwar, Dodai, Dombki, Gabol, Ghazini, Jatoi, Kalmati, Khetran, Kunara, Langhani, Lango, Lashkrani, Loharani, Lund, Marri, Mazari, Mengal, Mirali, Mugheri, Muhammad Shahi, Mullazai, Nothazai, Pitafi, Qaisrani, Rind, Sadozai, Sethwi, Shaikhzadah, Talpur, Tauki, Umrani, Yarahmadzai, Zardari, Makrani, along with significant populations in the United Arab Emirates (including Al Balushi) and Turkmenistan	Islam → Sunni Islam
Balondo-ba-Konja	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Londo	Cameroon		Creationism → Balondo-ba-Konja religion
Baltis	Sino-Tibetan → Tibetic → Balti	Pakistan (Gilgit-Baltistan)		Islam → Shi'ism
Bamars	Sino-Tibetan → Burmish → Burmese^{[note 2]} historically Sino-Tibetan → Burmish → Hpon	Myanmar	Bamars proper, Taungyo, Dawei, Yaw, Yabein, Intha, Danu, Hpon, Anglo-Burmese	Buddhism → Theravada Buddhism; Burmese folk religion
Bambara	Niger–Congo → Mande → Manding → Bambara	Mali		Islam
Bamileke	Niger–Congo → Grassfields → Bamileke^{[note 2]}	Cameroon (West and Northwest regions)	Mengaka, Ngiemboon, Ngombale, Ngomba, Ngwe, Yemba, Fe'fe', Ghomala', Kwaʼ, Nda'nda', Medumba	Christianity
Bamum	Niger–Congo → Grassfields → Bamum	Cameroon (West Region)		Islam
Banda	Niger–Congo → Ubangian → Banda^{[note 2]}	Central African Republic, South Sudan, Democratic Republic of the Congo	Central Banda, South Banda, West Banda	Christianity
Bandanese	Austronesian → Malayic → Malay → Banda Malay, Austronesian → Central Maluku → Banda	Indonesia (Banda Islands)		Islam, Christianity
Bangweulu Twa	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Bemba	Zambia (Bangweulu Wetlands)		Traditional African Religion
Baniwa	Arawakan → Upper Amazon Arawakan → Karu	Brazil (Amazonas), Colombia (Amazonas), Venezuela (Amazonas)		Traditional religion; Christianity → Catholicism
Banjara	Indo-European → Rajasthani → Lambadi	India (Mewar)		Hinduism
Banjarese	Austronesian → Malayic → Malay → Banjarese	Indonesia (South Kalimantan)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Bari	Nilo-Saharan → Nilotic → Bari	South Sudan (Central Equatoria), Uganda	Pojulu, Kakwa, Nyangwara, Mandari, Kuku, other Karo tribes	Christianity, Traditional African religion, Islam → Sunni Islam (minority religion among some Kakwa bordering Uganda)
Bariba	Niger–Congo → Gur → Bariba	Borgu (Benin, Nigeria)		Islam
Bashkirs	Turkic → Kipchak → Bashkir	Russia (Badzhgard)	Northeastern (Aile, Badrak, Bikatin, Bishul, Duvan, Kalmak, Katai, Kossy, Kuvakan, Kudey, Kumruk, Murzy, Salyut, Syzgy, Synryan, Syrzy, Tabyn, Tersyak, Upey), Northwestern (Baylar, Balyksy, Bulyar, Gaina, Gere, Duvaney, Elan, Adyak, Adey, Irekte, Kanly, Karshin, Kirghiz, Taz, Tanyp, Uvanysh, Un, Uran, Jurmi), Southeastern (Burzyan, Kypsak, Tamyan, Tangaur, Usergan, Jurmaty), Southwestern (Ming)	Islam → Sunni Islam
Basques	Aquitanian → Basque^{[note 15]}	Basque Country (Spain, France)	Navarreans, Alavans, Biscayans, Gipuzkoans, Northern Basques, along with significant populations in Argentina, Chile, Colombia, the United States, Canada, Mexico, Venezuela, and Uruguay	Christianity → Catholicism
Bassa	Niger–Congo → Kru → Bassa	Liberia (Bassaland)		Christianity → Protestantism → Anglicanism
Batak	Austronesian → Northwest Sumatra–Barrier Islands → Batak^{[note 2]}	Indonesia (North Sumatra)	Angkola, Karo, Mandailing, Pakpak, Simalungun, Toba, Alas, Kluet, Singkil	Christianity → Protestantism → Lutheranism
Bateri	Indo-European → Dardic → Bateri	Pakistan (Kohistan)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Batwa	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Kirundi, Niger–Congo → Bantu → Kiga	African Great Lakes		Traditional African religion
Bauzi	East Geelvink Bay → Bauzi	Indonesia (Papua)		Animism
Bavarians	Indo-European → Germanic → Bavarian	Germany (Bavaria)	Upper Bavarians, Lower Bavarians, Upper Palatines	Christianity → Catholicism
Bazigar	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Bazigar	India (Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Delhi, Chandigarh, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Rajasthan), Pakistan (Punjab)		Hinduism
Beja	Afroasiatic → Cushitic → Beja	Sudan, Egypt, Eritrea	Bishari, Hadendoa, Hedareb, Amarar, Beni-Amer	Islam → Sunni Islam
Belarusians	Indo-European → Slavic → Belarusian^{[note 16]}	Belarus, Lithuania (Vilnius Region), Polesia (Poland, Ukraine), Russia (Smolensk Oblast, Pskov Oblast, Bryansk Oblast, Kaluga Oblast, Oryol Oblast), and surrounding regions	Significant populations in the United States, Poland, Lithuania, Russia, Ukraine, and Russia	Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy
Belizean Creoles	Various African languages → Forced loss of languages due to slavery in the Americas English → Belizean Creole	Belize		Christianity → Protestantism, Rastafari
Bemba	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Bemba	Zambia (Northern, Luapula, and Copperbelt Provinces), Democratic Republic of the Congo (Katanga Province)		Christianity → Protestantism
Bembe	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Bembe	Democratic Republic of the Congo, Tanzania		Christianity → Protestantism, Traditional African religions
Bena	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Bena	Tanzania (Njombe Region)		Christianity → Catholicism
Bengalis	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Bengali, Sylheti, Chittagonian, Noakhali; Indo-Pakistani–Nepali Sign → Indo-Pakistani Sign → Bengali Sign^{[note 2]}	Bengal (Bangladesh, India)	Bengali Muslims, Bengali Hindus (including Mahishyas), Bengali Buddhists, Bengali Christians, Bangals (including Chittagonians, Sylhetis, Dhakaiyas (including Mahifarash), Noakhalis), Ghotis (including Muslim Ghosi, Lodha Muslims), Shershabadia, Mahimal	Islam → Sunnism; Hinduism → Shaktism, Vaishnavism, Hindu atheism; Christianity → Catholicism, Protestantism; Buddhism → Theravada Buddhism
Berbers	Afroasiatic → Berber,^{[note 2]} Semitic → Arabic;^{[note 2]} Songhay → Northern Songhay → Tagdal	Maghreb	Central Atlas Berbers, Chaouis, Kabyle, Kountas, Chenouas, Ghomaras, Godala, Hawwara, Matmatas, Mozabite, Nafusis, Rifians, Shilha, Siwi, Tuaregs, Awjila, Arab-Berbers, Sanhaja Berbers, Jerba, Zayanes, Igdalen, with significant populations in Belgium, France, Canada, the Netherlands, the United States, Western Sahara, Mauritania, Burkina Faso (including Tuaregs), Niger (including Tuaregs), and Mali	Islam → Sunni Islam, Ibadism
Berom	Niger–Congo → Plateau → Berom	Niger (Plateau State)		Christianity
Berta	Nilo-Saharan → Berta	Ethiopia (Benishangul-Gumuz Region), South Sudan		Islam
Betawis	Austronesian → Malay-based creole → Betawi	Indonesia (Jakarta)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Beti^{[note 17]}	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Ewondo, Eton	Cameroon	Ewondo, Eton	Christianity
Bezhta	Northeast Caucasian → Tsezic → Bezhta	Russia (Tsuntinsky District)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Bhils	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Bhil^{[note 2]}	India (Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, Rajasthan, Maharashtra)	Barda, Bhagalia, Bhilala, Bhil Gametia, Bhil Garasia, Bhil Kataria, Bhil Mama, Bhil Mavchi, Dholi Bhil, Dungri Bhil, Damor, Dungri Garasia, Mewasi Bhil, Nirdhi Bhil, Rawal Bhil, Tadvi Bhil, Vasava, Bhil Meena, Chaudhri, Bagdi	Hinduism
Bhojpuris	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Bihari → Bhojpuri	India, Nepal	Paswan, Teli	Hinduism, Jainism
Bhumijs	Austroasiatic → Munda → Bhumij^{[note 18]}	India (West Bengal, Odisha, Jharkhand)		Sarnaism
Biak	Austronesian → Malayo-Polynesian → South Halmahera–West New Guinea → Biak	Indonesia (Biak Islands)		Christianity, Islam
Bicolanos	Austronesian → Philippine → Bikol^{[note 2]}	Philippines (Bicol Region)	Central Bikol, Sorsoganons, Catandunganons, Rinconada, Albayanon	Christianity → Catholicism
Bidayuh	Austronesian → Malayo-Polynesian → Land Dayak^{[note 2]}	Malaysia (Sarawak)	Kendayan, Selako, Bakatiʼ, Sara Bakati', Laraʼ, Bukar–Sadong, Biatah, Tringgus, Jagoi, Jangkang, Kembayan, Semandang, Ribun, Nyaduʼ, Sanggau	Christianity
Bilala	Nilo-Saharan → Central Sudanic → Naba	Chad (Lake Fitri)		Islam
Bimanese	Austronesian → Malayo-Polyneisan → Bima	Indonesia (Sumbawa Island)		Islam
Bininj	Macro-Gunwinyguan → Gunwinyguan → Bininj Kunwok	Australia (Arnhem Land)	Kunwinjku, Kuninjku, Kundjeyhmi (Gundjeihmi), Manyallaluk Mayali, Kundedjnjenghmi, Kune	Australian Aboriginal religion
Bisayas	Austronesian → Dusunic → Sabah Bisaya, Brunei Bisaya	Brunei, Malaysia (Sabah, Sarawak)	Sabah Bisaya, Brunei Bisaya	Islam, Christianity
Bishnupriyas	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Bengali-based creole → Bishnupriya Manipuri	India (Manipur), Bangladesh		Hinduism → Vaishnavism
Bissa	Niger–Congo → Mande → Bissa	Burkina Faso		Islam
Blaan	Austronesian → Philippine → Blaan	Philippines (Soccsksargen)		Anitism
Black Britons	Various African languages → Forced loss of languages due to slavery in the Americas (descendants of Afro-Caribbean Britons) Various African languages → English (adopted language by descendants of sub-Saharan African immigrants) English (adopted language) → Multicultural London English (dialect of those born in London)	United Kingdom and British Overseas Territories in the Caribbean (Montserrat, British Virgin Islands, Turks and Caicos Islands, Cayman Islands, Anguilla)	Afro-Caribbean Britons	Christianity, Rastafari
Black Canadians	Various African languages → Forced loss of languages due to slavery in the Americas English → Canadian English (adopted language) Romance → French → Canadian French (adopted language) Various African languages → Canadian English and Canadian French (adopted language by descendants of post-1950s sub-Saharan African immigrants)	Canada (Ontario, Quebec, Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Nova Scotia)	Black Ontarians (including Black Torontonians), Black Montrealers, Black New Brunswickers, Black Nova Scotians	Christianity; Islam
Blackfoot	Algic → Algonquian → Blackfoot	Canada (Alberta), United States (Montana)	Kainai, Piegan (including Northern Piegan, Southern Piegan), Siksika	Native American Church, Christianity
Boa	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Boa	Democratic Republic of the Congo (Bas-Uele)		Christianity
Bodo	Sino-Tibetan → Sal → Bodo	India (Bodoland)	Mech, Kachari	Bathouism, Hinduism
Boeroes	Indo-European → Germanic → Dutch → Surinaams	Suriname		Christianity
Boers	Indo-European → Germanic → Dutch → Afrikaans	South Africa (Transvaal)		Christianity → Protestantism → Calvinism
Bokota	Chibchan → Buglere	Panama (Bocas del Toro)		Native American religion
Bondei	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Sueta → Bondei	Tanzania (Pangani District)		Islam, Traditional African religions
Bororo	Macro-Je → Bororoan → Bororo	Brazil (Mato Grosso)		Animism
Bosniaks	Indo-European → Slavic → Shtokavian → Bosnian	Bosnia and Herzegovina, Sandžak (Serbia, Montenegro)	Significant populations in Serbia, Turkey, Austria, Germany and the United States	Islam → Sunni Islam
Botlikhs	Northeast Caucasian → Avar–Andic → Botlikh	Russia (Dagestan)		Islam → Sunni Islam^[13]
Bouyei	Kra–Dai → Tai → Bouyei	China (Guizhou)	Giay	Moism
Bozo	Niger–Congo → Mande → Bozo	Mali		Islam
Brahuis	Dravidian → Northern Dravidian → Brahui	Pakistan (Balochistan)	Raisani, Jhalawan, Sarawan, Mengal (including Zagar and Zakria Zae), Sasoli	Islam → Sunni Islam → Hanafi
Bretons	Indo-European → Celtic → Breton^{[note 19]}	France (Brittany)	Significant populations in Canada and the United States	Christianity → Catholicism
Bribri	Chibchan → Talamanca → Bribri, Bribri Sign	Costa Rica (Cordillera de Talamanca)		Talamancan mythology
Bru	Austroasiatic → Katuic → Bru	Laos (Savannakhet province), Vietnam (Quảng Binh and Quảng Trị provinces)		Satsana Phi, Buddhism → Theravada Buddhism
Bubi	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Bube	Equatorial Guinea (Bioko)		Christianity → Catholicism
Budu	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Budu	Democratic Republic of the Congo (Wamba Territory)		Christianity
Budukhs	Northeast Caucasian → Lezgic → Budukh	Azerbaijan (Buduq)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Buduma	Afroasiatic → Chadic → Yedina	Lake Chad (Chad, Nigeria, Cameroon)		Islam
Buginese	Austronesian → South Sulawesi → Buginese	Indonesia (South Sulawesi)		Islam, Christianity, folk religion
Bulgarians	Indo-European → Slavic → Bulgarian, Francosign → Bulgarian Sign	Bulgaria	Pomaks, Paulicians, Macedonian Bulgarians, Bessarabian Bulgarians, Dobrujan Bulgarians, Thracian Bulgarians, Karakachani, along with significant populations in Turkey, Ukraine and Moldova, Crimea, Romania and Serbia, Croatia, Germany, Spain, and the United States	Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy
Bunak	Trans–New Guinea → Timor–Alor–Pantar → Bunak	Indonesia (West Timor), East Timor		Christianity → Catholicism
Bunun	Austronesian → Bunun	Taiwan (Nantou)		Animism, Christianity
Burghers	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Sinhala, Dravidian → Tamiloid → Tamil, Indo-European → Germanic → English, Indo-European → Romance → Portuguese → Sri Lankan Portuguese Creole	Sri Lanka	Dutch Burghers, Portuguese Burghers	Christianity
Burushos	Burushaski	Pakistan (Gilgit-Baltistan)		Islam → Shi'ism → Isma'ilism
Buryats	Mongolic → Central Mongolic → Buryat;^{[note 2]} Mongolic → Central Mongolic → Khalkha → Sartul, Tsongol	Russia (Buryatia), China (Inner Mongolia), Mongolia	Barga	Buddhism → Tibetan Buddhism; Shamanism → Mongolian shamanism; Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy
Butonese	Austronesian → Celebic → Butonese^{[note 2]}	Indonesia (Buton)		Islam
Bwa	Niger–Congo → Gur → Bwa^{[note 2]}	Burkina Faso, Mali		Traditional African religions
Bwatiye	Afrosiatic → Chadic → Bacama	Nigeria (Adamawa State)		Christianity, Neo-Pentecostalism
Cabiyari	Arawakan → Upper Amazon Arawakan → Cabiyari	Colombia (Vaupes)		Christianity
Caddo	Caddoan → Caddo	United States (Oklahoma)		Peyote religion, Christianity
Cahuilla	Uto-Aztecan → Cupan → Cahuilla	United States (California)	Pass Cahuilla (including Agua Caliente Cahuilla, Morongo Cahuilla), Mountain Cahuilla (including Cahuilla Band of Indians, Los Coyotes Cahuilla, Ramona Cahuilla, Santa Rosa Cahuilla), Desert Cahuilla (including Augustine Cahuilla, Cabazon Cahuillla, Torres Martinez Desert Cahuilla)	Christianity → Catholicism, Protestantism → Moravian; Ethnic religion
Caldoche	Indo-European → Romance → French, Francosign → French Sign	France (New Caledonia)		Christianity → Catholicism
Camminanti	Indo-European → Romance → Sicilian → Baccagghiu	Italy (Sicily)		Christianity → Catholicism
Canary Islanders	Indo-European → Romance → Spanish → Canarian Spanish, Silbo Gomero, Isleño Spanish	Spain (Canary Islands)	Isleños (including Louisiana Isleños)	Christianity → Catholicism
Cape Malays	Indo-European → Germanic → Afrikaans, Kaaps, English	South Africa (Western Cape)		Islam
Caquetio	Arawakan → Ta-Arawakan → Caquetio	Venezuela (Falcón, Zulia), formerly Aruba, Curaçao, Bonaire (Netherlands)		Native American religion
Carolinians	Austronesian → Micronesian → Carolinian	United States (Northern Mariana Islands)		Christianity → Catholicism
Catalans	Indo-European → Romance → Catalan; LSCic → Catalan Sign	Catalan Countries (Spain, France, Andorra, Italy)	Andorrans, Balears, Algherese, Roussillonese with significant populations in the United States	Christianity → Catholicism
Cayuga	Iroquoian → Northern Iroquoian → Cayuga	Canada (Ontario), United States (New York, Oklahoma)		Longhouse Religion
Chachi^{[note 20]}	Barbacoan → Chaʼpalaa	Ecuador (Esmeraldas)		Christianity → Catholicism, Native American religion^[14]
Chaga	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Chaga^{[note 2]}	Tanzania	Gwenos, Rombos, Central Chaga (including Kahe), Rusa, West Chaga	Christianity, Islam, Traditional African religions
Chagossians	Indo-European → Bourbonnais Creole → Chagossian Creole	Chagos Archipelago^{[note 21]}		Christianity, Rastafari
Chaharmahali Turks	Turkic → Oghuz → Chaharmahali Turkic	Iran (Chaharmahal)		Islam → Shi'ism → Twelver Shi'ism
Chakmas	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Chakma	Bangladesh (Chittagong Hill Tracts)		Buddhism → Theravada Buddhism
Chamalals	Northeast Caucasian → Avar–Andic → Chamalal	Russia (Tsumadinsky District)		Islam → Sunnism; Animism
Chamorro	Austronesian → Malayo-Polynesian → Chamorro	United States (Mariana Islands)		Christianity → Catholicism
Chams	Austronesian → Chamic → Cham^{[note 2]}	Champa (Cambodia, Vietnam), China (Hainan)	Churu, Jarai, Rade, Raglai, Utsuls	Islam → Sunnism, Shi'ism → Bani Islam; Hinduism
Channel Islanders	Indo-European → Romance → Norman, Indo-European → Germanic → English → Channel Island English	British Crown Dependencies (Channel Islands)	Jèrriais (including Sercquiais), Guernésiais, before 1960^[15] Auregnais	Christianity
Chaoui	Afroasiatic → Berber → Shawiya	Algeria (Aurès)		Islam → Sunnism
Charrúa	Charruan languages^{[note 2]}	Uruguay	Chaná	Animism
Chechens	Northeast Caucasian → Nakh → Chechen	Russia (Chechnya, Aukh, Orstkhoy-Mokhk), Georgia (Pankisi, Kakheti, Tusheti)	Kists, Chechen Kurds, Aukhs (including Veappiis), Orstkhoys, Terloys, Shatoys, Ghendargnoys, Zandkhoys, Chinkhoys, other teips with significant populations in Austria, France, Jordan, Syria, Turkey, and the United States	Islam → Sunnism; historically Vainakh religion
Chehalis	Historically Salishan → Coast Salish → Lower Chehalis, Upper Chehalis	United States (Washington)	Lower Chehalis, Upper Chehalis	Ethnic religion
Chelkans	Turkic → Siberian Turkic → Northern Altai → Chelkan	Russia (Altai Republic, Kemerovo Oblast)		Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy, Burkhanism, Shamanism
Chenouas	Afroasiatic → Berber → Shenwa	Algeria (Mount Chenoua)		Islam → Sunnism
Chepang	Sino-Tibetan → Chepangic → Chepang	Nepal		Hinduism
Cherokee	Iroquoian → Southern Iroquoian → Cherokee^{[note 8]}	United States (North Carolina, Tennessee)^{[note 9]}	Cherokee Nation, Eastern Band, United Keetoowah Band, Cherokee Freedmen	Christianity, Four Mothers Society
Chewa	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Chewa	Malawi, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Mozambique		Christianity, Traditional African religions
Cheyennes	Algic → Algonquian → Cheyenne; Plains Indian Sign^{[note 8]}	United States (Montana, Oklahoma)		Native American religion, Native American Church, Christianity
Chickasaw	Muskogean → Western Muskogean → Chickasaw	United States (Mississippi, Alabama, Tennessee)^{[note 9]}		Ethnic religion, Christianity → Protestantism
Chinese Tatars	Turkic → Kipchak → Tatar; Sino-Tibetan → Chinese → Mandarin	China (Xinjiang)		Islam → Sunnism
Chipewyan	Na-Dene → Athabaskan → Chipewyan	Canada (Saskatchewan, Northwest Territories, Alberta, Manitoba, British Columbia)		Christianity, Animism
Cho Ro	Austroasiatic → Bahnaric → Chrau	Vietnam, (Dong Nai, Binh Duong, Binh Phuoc, Ba Ria-Vung Tau)		Animism, Theravada
Choctaw	Muskogean → Choctaw^{[note 8]}	United States (Alabama, Florida, Mississippi, Louisiana)^{[note 9]}	Choctaw Freedmen	Christianity, Choctaw religion
Chokwe	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Chokwe	Angola, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Zambia		Christianity
Cholanaikkans	Dravidian → South Dravidian I → Cholanaikkan	India (Kerala)		Animism
Chuanqing	Sino-Tibetan → Sinitic → Mandarin Chinese → Southwestern Mandarin	China (Guizhou)		Ethnic religion
Chukchis	Chukotko-Kamchatkan → Chukotkan → Chukchi	Chukchia		Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy → Russian Orthodoxy, Shamanism
Chulyms	Turkic → Siberian Turkic → Chulym	Russia (Tomsk Oblast, Krasnoyarsk Krai)		Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy → Russian Orthodoxy
Chumash	Chumashan languages^{[note 2]}^{[note 22]}	United States (California)		Christianity, Native American religion
Chutiya	Sino-Tibetan → Sal → Deori^{[note 4]}	India (Assam)	Deori	Ekasarana Dharma
Chuukese	Austronesian → Micronesian → Chuukese	Federated States of Micronesia (Chuuk Lagoon)		Christianity → Catholicism
Chuvans	Indo-European → Slavic → Russian; Chukotko-Kamchatkan → Chukotkan → Chukchi; historically Yukaghir → Chuvan	Russia (Chukotka)		Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy → Russian Orthodoxy
Chuvash	Turkic → Oghur → Chuvash	Russia (Chuvashia)	Virjal, Anatri	Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy → Russian Orthodoxy; Vattisen Yaly
Cina Kampung^[16]	Kra–Dai, Austronesian, and Sino-Tibetan → Southern Thai, Kelantan–Pattani Malay, and Hokkien → Kelantan Peranakan Hokkien	Malaysia (Kelantan)		Buddhism and Chinese folk religion → Theravada and Chinese ancestor worship → Cina Kampung religion
Cinta Larga	Tupian → Monde → Cinta Larga	Brazil (Amazon rainforest)		Indigenous religion, Santo Daime
Circassians	Northwest Caucasian → Circassian^{[note 2]}	Russia (Circassia)^{[note 1]}	Abzakhs, Adygeans, Besleneys, Bzhedugs, Chemirgoys, Cherkess, Kabardians, Natukhajs, Shapsugs, Ubykhs, Makhosh, Yegeruqways and Hatuqways, with significant populations in Turkey, Israel, Syria, Jordan, Iran, Germany, Iraq, Bulgaria, the United States, Egypt, Libya, and Saudi Arabia	Islam → Sunnism → Hanafism, Sufism → Naqshbandism
Cirebonese	Austronesian → Malayo-Polynesian → Javanese → Cirebonese	Indonesia (Cirebon)		Islam
Clatsop	Chinookan, Wakashan, and Indo-European → Lower Chinook, Nootka Jargon, Germanic, and Italic → Chinook Jargon; historically Chinookan → Lower Chinook → Clatsop	United States (Oregon)		Native American religion
Cocopah	Yuman → Cocopah	Mexico (Baja California, Sonora), United States (Arizona)		Native American religion
Cocos Malays	Malay creoles → Cocos Malay	Australia (Cocos (Keeling) Islands)	significant populations in Malaysia	Islam → Sunnism
Cofan	Cofan language	Ecuador (Sucumbios), Colombia (Putumayo)		Animism
Coloureds	Indo-European → Germanic → Afrikaans, Kaaps, English	South Africa (Western Cape)	Cape Coloureds (South Africa), Basters (Namibia)	Christianity
Comanche	Uto-Aztecan → Numic → Comanche, Indo-European → Germanic → English	United States (Comancheria)		Native American Church, Christianity
Comorians	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Comorian^{[note 2]}	Comoros, France (Mayotte)	Grande Comorians, Anjouans, Mohélians, Maorais, Significant population in Metropolitan France	Islam → Sunnism
Conch	Indo-European → Germanic → English, English creole → Bahamian Creole	Bahamas		Christianity
Cook Islanders	Austronesian → Polynesian → Cook Islands Māori, Austronesian → Polynesian → Penrhyn, Austronesian → Polynesian → Rakahanga-Manihiki, Austronesian → Polynesian → Pukapukan	Cook Islands		Christianity → Protestantism
Copts	Afroasiatic → Egyptian → Coptic,^{[note 23]} Egyptian Sign	Egypt, Sudan, Libya	Upper Egypt (Sa'idi),^[17] Sudan and Libya along with the Coptic diaspora	Christianity → Oriental Orthodoxy → Coptic Orthodoxy; Christianity → Catholicism → Eastern Catholicism → Coptic Catholicism
Cornish	Indo-European → Celtic → Cornish;^{[note 24]} Indo-European → Germanic → English → Cornish English; BANZSL → British Sign	United Kingdom (Cornwall)	Significant populations in the United States and Australia	Christianity → Protestantism → Anglicanism, Methodism
Corsicans	Indo-European → Romance → Corsican^{[note 19]}	France (Corsica)	Corsican Americans (including Corsican Puerto Ricans)	Christianity → Catholicism
Cossacks	Indo-European → Slavic	Russia, Kazakhstan	Terek Cossacks, Don Cossacks, Kuban Cossacks, Ural Cossacks, Astrakhan Cossacks	Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy
Coushatta	Muskogean → Alabama–Koasati → Koasati	United States (Coushatta Indian Reservation, Alabama–Coushatta Reservation, Alabama–Quassarte Tribal Town)		Christianity
Cree	Algic → Algonquian → Cree^{[note 2]}^{[note 25]}	Canada (Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Newfoundland and Labrador)	James Bay Cree, Moose Cree, Swampy Cree, Woodland Cree, Papaschase	Christianity
Crimean Tatars	Turkic → Kipchak → Middle Crimean Tatar, Northern Crimean Tatar, Dobrujan Tatar; Turkic → Oghuz → Balkan Gagauz → Southern Crimean Tatar; Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Balkan Romani → Crimean Romani	Ukraine (Crimea)	Steppe, Mountain, and Southcoast tribes, Crimean Roma (including Urmacheli, Krimurja, Tayfa), along with Significant populations in Turkey, Romania, and[Uzbekistan	Islam → Sunnism
Croats	Indo-European → Slavic → Shtokavian, Chakavian, Kajkavian, Torlakian, Burgenland Croatian, and Slavomolisano; Francosign → Austro-Hungarian Sign → Yugoslav Sign^{[note 2]}	Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina (Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina), Kosovo, Austria (Burgenland), and surrounding regions	Bunjevci, Krashovani, Janjevci, Šokci, Bosnian and Herzegovinian Croats, Montenegrin Croats, Serbian Croats, Slovenian Croats, Burgenland Croats, Croat Muslims, along with significant populations in Italy (including Molise Croats), the Czech Republic, the United States, Chile, Argentina, Germany, Australia and Canada	Christianity → Catholicism
Crow	Siouan → Western Siouan → Crow	United States (Montana)		Christianity, Crow religion
Czechoslovaks	Indo-European → Slavic → Czech, Indo-European → Slavic → Slovak	Czech Republic, Slovakia	Significant populations in Canada and the United States	Christianity → Catholicism
Czechs	Indo-European → Slavic → Czech; Francosign → Austro-Hungarian Sign → Czech Sign	Czech Republic	Bohemians, Chodové, Chods, along with significant populations in United States and Canada	Christianity → Catholicism^{[note 26]}
Dagaaba	Niger–Congo → Gur → Dagaare	Ghana, Burkina Faso		Christianity, Traditional African religions
Dagombas	Niger–Congo → Gur → Dagbani	Ghana (Kingdom of Dagbon)		Islam → Sunnism
Damara	Khoe → Khoekhoe	Namibia (Damaraland)		Christianity
Damia	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Dameli	Pakistan (Chitral District)		Islam
Dane-zaa	Na-Dene → Athabaskan → Dane-zaa	Canada (British Columbia, Alberta)		Christianity, Native American religion
Danes	Indo-European → Germanic → Danish, East Danish, Jutish; Francosign → DTSic → Danish Sign	Danish Realm (Denmark), Germany (Southern Schleswig)	Significant populations in the United States, Canada, Greenland, and Germany.	Christianity → Protestantism → Lutheranism
Dani	Trans-New Guinea → West Papuan Highlands → Dani^{[note 2]}	Papua New Guinea (Baliem Valley)	Indonesia (Highland Papua)	Christianity → Protestantism, Islam
Dargins	Northeast Caucasian → Dargin^{[note 2]}	Russia (Dagestan)	Kaitags, Kubachis, Itsaris, Chirags	Islam → Sunnism
Daurs	Mongolic → Dagur	China (Inner Mongolia, Heilongjiang, Xinjiang)		Shamanism
Dawoodi Bohra	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Gujarati → Lisan ud-Dawat	India, Pakistan		Islam → Shia → Isma'ilism → Tayyibi Isma'ilism
Deccani	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Hindustani → Deccani	India (Deccan)	Hyderabadi	Islam → Sunnism → Sufism; Islam → Shi'ism → Isma'ilism → Nizari Isma'ilism
Deg Xit'an	Na-Dene → Athabaskan → Deg Xinag	United States (Alaska)		Christianity
Dena'ina	Na-Dene → Athabaskan → Dena'ina	United States (Alaska)		Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy, Animism
Dharug	Pama-Nyungan → Yuin–Kuric → Dharug	Australia (Sydney)		Dreamtime
Dhimal	Sino-Tibetan → Dhimalish → Dhimal	Nepal		Hinduism, Kiratism
Dinka	Nilo-Saharan → Nilotic → Dinka	South Sudan		Christianity, Dinka religion
Dobrujan Tatars	Turkic → Kipchak → Dobrujan Tatar; Indo-European → Romance → Romanian	Romania (Constanța County)		Islam → Sunnism
Dogon	Niger–Congo → Dogon;^{[note 2]} Bangime; Tebul Sign	Mali (Bandiagara Escarpment)	Ampari Dogon (including Nyamboli), Tebul U, Mombo Dogon, Escarpment Dogon (including Tommo So), Jamsai Dogon, Nanga Dogon, Yanda Dogon, Walo, Beente, Duleri Dogon, Pinia, Bondum Dogon, Dogul Dogon, Budu, Western Plains Dogon, Toro-tegu Dogon, Bangande	Traditional African religions
Dogras	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Dogri	India (Jammu Division)		Hinduism
Dolan	Turkic → Karluk → Uyghur	China (Xinjiang)	Awat Dolan, Yarkand Dolan, Tarim Dolan, Lop Nur Dolan	Islam → Sunni Islam
Dolgans	Turkic → Siberian Turkic → Dolgan	Russia (Krasnoyarsk Krai)		Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy → Russian Orthodoxy, Shamanism
Doms	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Domari, Garachi	Azerbaijan, Middle East, North Africa	Garachi, with significant populations in Egypt, Israel, Libya, Sudan, Syria, and Tunisia	Islam, Judaism
Dominickers	Indo-European → Germanic → English → American English	United States (Holmes County, Florida)		Christianity
Dongxiangs	Mongolic → Shirongolic → Santa	China, (Gansu)		Islam → Sunnism
Druze	Afroasiatic → Arabic → Levantine Arabic; DGSic → Israeli Sign	Levant (Syria, Lebanon, Israel, Jordan)	Lebanese Druze, Syrian Druze, Israeli Druze, Jordanian Druze	Druzism^[18]^[19]
Dubla	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Bhil → Dubli^{[note 27]}	Gujarat (India)		Hinduism
Dukha	Turkic → Siberian Turkic → Taiga Sayan Turkic → Dukhan	Mongolia (Khövsgöl Province)		Shamanism → Dukha indigenous religion
Dutch	Indo-European → Germanic → Low Franconian → Dutch, Dutch Low Saxon;^{[note 2]} Francosign → Dutch Sign	Netherlands	Northern Dutch (including Hollanders, Zeelanders), Southern Dutch^{[note 28]} (including Dutch Limburgers, North Brabantians, Kleverlanders)	Christianity^{[note 26]}
Dwe'e	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Nzime	Cameroon		Christianity
Dyula	Niger–Congo → Mande → Manding → Dyula	Burkina Faso, Ivory Coast, Mali		Islam → Sunnism
East Indian Catholics	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → East Indian Mahratti	India (Seven Islands of Bombay)		Christianity → Catholicism → Latin Catholicism
Ebira	Niger–Congo → Nupoid → Ebira	Nigeria (Kogi State)		Islam
Edo	Niger–Congo → Edoid → Edo	Nigeria (Edo State)	Ika, Emai	Christianity
Efik	Niger–Congo → Cross River → Ibibio-Efik → Efik	Nigeria (Cross River State)		Christianity, Efik religion
Ekari	Trans-New Guinea → Ekari	Indonesia (Wissel Lakes)		Christianity
Ekoi	Niger–Congo → Bantoid → Jagham	Nigeria, Cameroon		Christianity, Ekoi religion
Emae	Austronesian → Polynesian → Emae	Vanuatu (Emae)		Christianity
Embera	Choco → Embera^{[note 2]}	Colombia (Choco Department), Panama (Darien, Embera)		Shamanism
Enets	Uralic → Samoyedic → Enets^{[note 2]}	Russia (Krasnoyarsk Krai)		Shamanism
English	Indo-European → Germanic → English	England	New Forest commoners, Vectensians	Christianity
Eora	Pama-Nyungan → Yuin–Kuric → Dharug	Australia (Sydney)		Dreamtime
Erzyas	Uralic → Mordvinic → Erzya	Russia (Mordovia), Armenia (Gegharkunik Province)	Shokshas, Erzya Molokans^[20]	Christianity → Russian Orthodox, Protestantism → Lutheranism; Erzyas native religion
Esan	Niger–Congo → Edoid → Esan	Nigeria (Esanland)		Christianity
Estonians	Uralic → Finnic → Estonian, Uralic → Finnic → South Estonian, Francosign → RSLic → Estonian Sign	Estonia, Setomaa (Estonia and Russia), Latvia (Ludza, Gauja)	Setos, Võros, Hiiumaans, Saaremaans, Ludza Estonians, Gauja Estonians, with significant populations in Argentina, Australia, Canada, Finland, Georgia (including Abkhazia), the United States	Christianity → Protestantism → Lutheranism^{[note 26]}
Eurasian Singaporeans	Indo-European → Germanic → English	Singapore		Christianity
Evenks	Tungusic → Northern Tungusic → Evenki	Russia, China		Shamanism
Evens	Tungusic → Northern Tungusic → Even, Turkic → Siberian Turkic → Yakut	Russia (Kamchatka Krai, Magadan Oblast, Sakha)		Shamanism
Ewe	Niger–Congo → Kwa → Ewe, Waci, Kpessi	Togo, Ghana	Agave, Agome, Anlo, Avenor, Waci	Christianity, West African Vodun
Eyak	Na-Dene → Athabaskan → Eyak, Indo-European → Germanic → English	United States (Alaska)		Christianity
Falkland Islanders	Indo-European → Germanic → English → Falkland Islands English	British Overseas Territories (Falkland Islands)		Christianity
Fang	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Fang	Equatorial Guinea (Rio Muni), Gabon		Christianity
Faroe Islanders	Indo-European → Germanic → Faroese, Indo-European → Germanic → Danish → Gøtudanskt	Danish Realm (Faroe Islands)		Christianity → Protestantism → Lutheranism
Fijians^{[note 29]}	Austronesian → Central Pacific → Fijian	Fiji	Significant populatitons in the United States, Australia, the United Kingdom	Christianity → Protestantism → Methodism
Finns	Uralic → Finnic → Finnish, Meänkieli, Siberian Ingrian Finnish; Indo-European → Germanic → Finland Swedish; SSLic → FSLic^{[note 2]}	Fennoscandia (Finland, Russia, Sweden, Norway)	Forest Finns, Tornedalians, Ingrian Finns (including Siberian Finns (including Korlaks)), Savonians, Tavastians, Finns proper, Ostrobothnians, Finnish Karelians, Finland Swedes, Kainuu, and Murmansk Finns, along with significant populations in Sweden, Switzerland, Australia, United States (including Findians), Argentina, and Canada (including Findians).	Christianity → Protestantism → Lutheranism
Fipa	Niger–Congo → Bantu (Zone M) → Fipa, Niger–Congo → Bantu → Mambwe-Lungu	Rukwa Region, Tanzania (Sumbawanga Rural District, Nkasi District)		Christianity → Catholicism
Flemings^{[note 28]}	Indo-European → Germanic → Zeelandic, West Flemish, Dutch → Flemish; Francosign → Belgian Sign → Flemish Sign	Belgium (Flanders, Brussels), France (French Flanders), Netherlands (Zeelandic Flanders)	Belgian Flemings, Zeelandic Flemings, French Flemings	Christianity → Catholicism
Fon	Niger–Congo → Kwa → Gbe → Fon	Benin (Dahomey)		Christianity → Catholicism, West African Vodun
French	Indo-European → Romance → French Francosign → French Sign American Sign → Quebec Sign (used only by the Quebecois)	France	Bigordans	Christianity → Catholicism
French Canadians	Indo-European → Romance → French → Canadian French, Francosign → French Sign and American Sign → Quebec Sign	Canada	Quebecois, Acadians (including Chiac), Franco-Terreneuvians, Franco-Ontariens, Franco-Manitobains, Fransaskois, Franco-Albertains, Franco-Colombiens, Franco-Yukonnais, Franco-Tenois, Franco-Nunavois, Brayons, Muskrat French, French-Canadian Americans	Christianity → Catholicism
French Louisianians	Indo-European → French Creole → Louisiana Creole, Indo-European → Romance → French → Louisiana French, Missouri French; Indo-European → Germanic → English → Cajun English; historically Indo-European → French Creole → Alabama Creole	United States (Louisiana, Alabama, and Missouri)	Louisiana Creoles (including Louisiana Cajuns and Louisiana Creoles of color), Alabama Creoles (including Alabama Cajuns), and Missouri Creoles	Christianity → Catholicism, Louisiana Voodoo
Frisians	Indo-European → Germanic → Frisian;^{[note 2]} Indo-European → Germanic → Friso-Saxon;^{[note 2]} Indo-European → Germanic → Dutch → West Frisian Dutch; Indo-European → Germanic → Dutch and Mainland West Frisian → Stadsfries Dutch	Frisia (Netherlands, Germany, historically Denmark)	West Frisians (including Westlauwers Frisians, Hindeloopen Frisians, Molkwerum Frisians, Schiermonnikoog Frisians, and Terschelling Frisians), East Frisians, North Frisians, Saterland Frisians, with significant populations in the United States	Christianity → Protestantism → Calvinism, Lutheranism^{[note 26]}^[21]
Friulians	Indo-European → Romance → Friulian	Italy (Friuli)		Christianity → Catholicism
Fula	Atlantic–Congo → Senegambian → Fula^{[note 2]}	West Africa (Guinea, Senegal, Mali, Mauritania, Nigeria, Cameroon, Niger, Burkina Faso, Benin, Chad)^{[note 30]}	Wodaabe, Maasina Fulfulde, Sierra Leonean Fula	Islam
Fur	Furan → Fur	Sudan (Darfur)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Futuna-Aniwa	Austronesian → Polynesian → Futuna-Aniwa	Vanuatu (Futuna, Aniwa)		Christianity
Futunans	Austronesian → Polynesian → Futunan	France (Wallis and Futuna)		Christianity
Fuyu Kyrgyz	Turkic → Siberian Turkic → Fuyu Kyrgyz	China (Fuyu County)		Buddhism → Vajrayana → Tibetan Buddhism
Ga-Adangbe	Niger–Congo → Kwa → Ga–Dangme^{[note 2]}	Greater Accra (Ghana)	Ga, Adangbe	Christianity
Gabrieleños	Indo-European → Germanic → English, Indo-European → Romance → Spanish, Uto-Aztecan → Takic → Gabrieleno^{[note 31]}	United States (California)		Native American religion, Christianity
Gaddang^[22]	Austronesian → Malayo-Polynesian → Philippine → Northern Luzon → Cagayan Valley → Gaddang^{[note 32]}	Philippines (Cagayan Valley, Cordillera Administrative Region)^[23]	Ga'dang, Gaddang proper, Yogad, Maddukayang, Katalangan, Iraya, along with significant populations in the rest of Asia, Australia, Canada, Europe, Middle East, United Kingdom, and United States^[24]	Christianity → Catholicism, Protestantism^[25]
Gade	Niger–Congo → Nupoid → Gade	Nigeria (Niger State)		Gobo
Gagauz	Turkic → Oghuz → Gagauz	Moldova (Gagauzia, Taraclia, Basarabeasca), Ukraine (Budjak)		Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy
Gajal	Turkic → Oghuz → Turkish, Indo-European → Slavic → Bulgarian	Bulgaria (Ludogorie), Turkey (East Thrace)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Galela	West Papuan → North Halmahera → Galela	Indonesia (North Maluku)		Islam, Christianity
Galicians	Indo-European → Romance → Galician, Spanish → Castrapo	Spain (Galicia, Galicia irredenta)	Couto Mixtans	Christianity → Catholicism
Gamilaraay	Pama-Nyungan → Wiradhuric → Gamilaraay	Australia (New South Wales, Queensland)		Alcheringa
Ganda	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Great Lakes → Luganda	Uganda (Buganda)	Abayudaya	Christianity
Garhwalis	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Garhwali	India (Uttarakhand)		Hinduism
Garifunas	Arawakan → Ta-Arawakan → Garifuna^{[note 33]}	Saint Vincent and the Grenadines^{[note 34]}	Significant populations in the United States	Christianity → Catholicism
Garos	Sino-Tibetan → Sal → Garo	India (Garo Hills)		Christianity, Songsarek
Gaviao (Je)	Macro-Je → Je → Para Gaviao → Parkateje, Macro-Je → Je → Para Gaviao → Pykobje	Brazil (Pará, Maranhão)	Parkateje, Pykobje	Animism
Gaviao (Rondonia)	Tupian → Monde → Gavião of Jiparaná	Brazil (Rondonia)		Animism
Gayonese	Austronesian → Northwest Sumatra–Barrier Islands → Gayo	Indonesia (Bener Meriah, Central Aceh, and Gayo Lues Regencies)		Islam
Gbagyi	Niger–Congo → Nupoid → Gwari	Nigeria		Traditional African religions
Gbaya	Niger–Congo → Ubangian → Gbaya^{[note 2]}	Central African Republic, Cameroon	Bokoto, Kara, Buli (including Toongo), Ali, Mandja, Gbaya-Bossangoa, Bozom, Mbodomo, Gbanu, Bangandu	Islam
Gedeo	Afroasiatic → Cushitic → Gedeo	Ethiopia (Gedeo)		Christianity → Protestantism → P'ent'ay
Gelao	Kra–Dai → Kra → Gelao^{[note 2]}^{[note 35]}	China (Guizhou)		Taoism, Buddhism
Georgians	Kartvelian languages;^{[note 2]} Northeast Caucasian → Nakh → Bats; Georgian Sign	Georgia, Azerbaijan (Saingilo), northern Turkey	Adjarians, Bats,^{[note 36]} Gurians, Imeretians, Imerkhevians, Ingiloys, Javakhians, Kakhetians, Khevsurians, Meskhetians, Mingrelians, Mokheves, Mtiuletians, Pshavs, Rachians, Svans, Tushetians, with significant populations in Turkey (including Chveneburi), France, Belgium, Poland, Russia, Spain, Ukraine, the United States, and Iran	Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy → Georgian Orthodoxy
Germans	Indo-European → Germanic → High German, Low German	Germany	Black Sea Germans, Crimea Germans, Volga Germans, Transylvania Saxons, Carpathian Germans with significant populations in United States, Canada, German, Argentina, Mexico, and Brazil.	Christianity
German-speaking Swiss	Indo-European → Germanic → High German → Swiss German	Switzerland (Aargau, Appenzell, Ausserrhoden, Appenzell Innerrhoden, Basel-Stadt, Bael-Landschaft, Glarus, Lucerne, Nidwalden, Obwalde, Schaffhausen, Schwyz, Solothurn, St. Gallen, Thurgau, Uri, Zug, Zurich, Bern, Fribourg, Valais, Grisons		Christianity → Calvinism
Ghomaras	Afroasiatic → Berber → Ghomara	Morocco (Western Rif)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Ghorbati	Indo-European → Iranic → Persian, Ghorbati^{[note 2]}	Central Asia	Mugats	Islam → Shia Islam
Gibraltarians	Indo-European → Romance → Spanish → Llanito; Indo-European → Germanic → English → Gibraltarian English; BANZSL → British Sign^[26]	British Overseas Territories (Gibraltar)	Significant populations in the United Kingdom	Christianity → Catholicism
Gilaks	Indo-European → Iranic → Gilaki	Iran (Gilan)		Islam → Twelver Shi’ism
Gitxsan	Tsimshianic → Nass–Gitksan → Gitxsan	Canada (Skeena Country)		Native American religion
Gnawas	Afroasiatic → Arabic → Maghrebi Arabic	Morocco		Islam and Animism → Sufism and Animism → Gnawa religion
Goan Catholics	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Konkani → Goan Konkani	India (Goa)		Christianity → Catholicism
Godoberis	Northeast Caucasian → Avar–Andic → Godoberi	Russia (Dagestan)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Gogo	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Gogo	Tanzania (Dodoma Region)		Christianity, African Traditional Religion
Gola	Niger–Congo → Gola	Liberia, Sierra Leone		Islam
Gonds	Dravidian → Gondi^{[note 2]}^{[note 37]}	India (Gondwana)	Godha, Madia Gonds, Muria, Koya	Hinduism, Koyapunem
Gorals	Indo-European → Slavic → Lechitic → Gorolski^{[note 38]}	Southern Poland, northern Slovakia, Cieszyn Silesia (Poland, Czech Republic)	Sącz Lachs, Silesian Gorals	Christianity → Catholicism, Christianity → Protestantism → Lutheranism
Gorani	Indo-European → Slavic → Torlakian → Gorani	Gora (Kosovo, Albania, North Macedonia)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Gorontalo	Austronesian → Philippine → Gorontaloan	Indonesia (Gorontalo)	Polahi	Islam → Sunni Islam
Gosha	Niger-Congo → Bantu → Zigula → Mushunguli	Somalia		Islam
Great Andamanese	Great Andamanese^{[note 2]}	India (Great Andaman)		Animism
Greeks	Indo-European → Hellenic;^{[note 2]} Turkic → Kipchak → Urum, Turkish → Karamanli Turkish, Tsalka; Indo-European → Romance → Aromanian, Megleno-Romanian; Indo-European → Albanian → Arvanitika; Indo-European → Slavic → Macedo-Bulgarian;^{[note 2]} Francosign → French Sign and American Sign → Greek Sign; Cypriot Sign	Greece, Cyprus, Albania (Northern Epirus), Ukraine (Crimea, Pryazovia), Turkey (Cappadocia, Pontus, Istanbul), Italy (Magna Graecia), Bulgaria (Balkan Mountains, Rila, Northeastern Bulgaria), North Macedonia, Egypt, the Caucasus, and surrounding regions	Greek Cypriots (including Greek Northern Cypriots), Asia Minor Greeks (including Pontic Greeks, Cappadocian Greeks (including Karamanlides), Constantinopolites, Ionian Greeks), Greek Muslims (including Vallahades, Cretan Muslims), Sarakatsani (including Karakachani), Souliotes, Azov Greeks (including Mariupol Greeks, Crimean Urums), Italiots (including Grikos and Grecanici), Macedonian Greeks, Tsakonians, Maniots, Karagounides, Mikrasiates, Phanariots, Egyptian Greeks (including Alexandrian Greeks), Caucasus Greeks (including Tsalka Urums), Sfakians, Slavophone Greeks, Corfiot Greeks, Melkites (including Antiochian Greeks and Jerusalemite Greeks) and also sizeable populations of Arvanites, Aromanians and Megleno-Romanians who identify as ethnic Greeks (including Helleno-Vlachs), along with significant populations in Albania (including Northern Epirotes (including Himariotes)), Turkey, Ukraine, Georgia, the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, Azerbaijan, Australia, France, Italy, Malta, Armenia, Egypt, and Canada	Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy, Catholicism → Greek Byzantine Catholicism, historically Hellenism, Neoplatonism, Greco-Roman Mysteries
Gros Ventre	Algic → Algonquian → Gros Ventre	United States (Montana)		Sun Dance
Guajajara	Tupian → Tenetehara	Brazil (Maranhão)		Shamanism, Santo Daime
Guan	Niger–Congo → Kwa → Guang^{[note 2]}	Ghana (Brong-Ahafo and Volta Regions)	Gonja, Kyode, Cherepon, Efutu, Anyanga, Larteh, Chumburung, Krache, Anum-Boso	Christianity
Guarani	Tupian → Guarani	Paraguay, Argentina (Misiones), Bolivia	Chiriguanos	Christianity → Catholicism
Gujarati	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Gujarati	India (Gujarat)	Koli, Bharwad, Khoja, Patidar, Sunni Bohra, Lohana, Vagri, Kharva, Charan, Baria, Momna, Ghanchi, Shenva, Bhambi Khalpa, Zarabes, Bhoi, Padhar, Gujarati Americans	Hinduism, Islam, Jainism
Gumuz	Bʼaga languages^{[note 2]}	Ethiopia (Benishangul-Gumuz Region)		Traditional African religion
Guna	Chibchan → Guna	Panama (Guna Yala)		Native American religion
Gurage	Afroasiatic → Ethiopic → Gurage;^{[note 2]} historically Afroasiatic → Ethiopic → Mesmes	Ethiopia (Guragia)	Kistane, Zay, Inor, Mesqan, Muher Sebat Bet (including Chaha)	Christianity
Gurindji	Pama–Nyungan → Ngumpin–Yapa → Gurindji, Pama–Nyungan and Indo-European → Gurindji and Australian Kriol → Gurindji Kriol	Australia (Northern Territory)		Dreamtime
Gurjars	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Gujari	Primarily Pakistan and India, also Afghanistan at smaller numbers	Khatana, Solanki, Parihar, Tanwar, Parmar, chandel, Chauhan, Bhadana, Kohli, Tomar, Panwar, Pawar, Bainsla, Bagri, Hans, etc.	Islam, Hinduism, Sikhism
Gurma	Niger–Congo → Gur → Gourmanche	Gurmaland (Burkina Faso, Ghana)	Ntcham, Bimoba	Islam
Gurungs	Sino-Tibetan → Gurung	Nepal, India (Sikkim, West Bengal)		Buddhism → Vajrayana → Tibetan Buddhism, Bon, Hinduism
Gurunsi	Niger–Congo → Gur → Gurunsi^{[note 2]}	Burkina Faso, Ghana, Togo	Lukpa, Kabye, Tem, Lamba, Delo, Bago-Kusuntu, Chala, Lyele, Nuna, Kalamse, Pana, Winye, Deg, Puguli, Paasaal, Sisaala, Chakali, Siti, Tamprusi, Vagla	Traditional African religions, Islam → Sunni Islam
Gwich'in	Na-Dene → Athabaskan → Gwich'in	Canada (Yukon Territory, Northwest Territories), United States (Alaska)		Native American religion
Ha	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Ha	Tanzania (Kigoma Region)		Animism
Hadiya	Afroasiatic → Cushitic → Hadiyya	Ethiopia (Hadiya)		Islam
Hadza	Hadza language	Tanzania (Karatu District)		Hadza mythology
Haida	Haida languages,^{[note 2]} historically Haida Jargon	Canada (Haida Gwaii), United States (Prince of Wales Island)	Kaigani Haida	Haida Traditional Faith
Haisla	Wakashan → Haisla	Canada (British Columbia)		Native American religion
Hän	Na-Dene → Athabaskan → Han	Canada (Yukon Territory), United States (Alaska)		Native American religion
Han Chinese	Sino-Tibetan → Sinitic → Chinese;^{[note 2]} CSLic languages;^{[note 2]} JSLic → Taiwan Sign; Indo-European → Germanic → English → Manglish, Singlish, Hong Kong English; Austronesian → Malayic → Bazaar Malay → Baba Malay; Austronesian → Murutic–Papar–Tatana → Tatana; historically Sino-Tibetan → Chinese → Ba–Shu; Indo-European → Germanic → English → Chinese Pidgin English; Indo-European → Slavic → Russian → Kyakhta Russian–Chinese Pidgin	China, Taiwan, Singapore, Myanmar (Kokang), Malaysia (Labuan, Sabah)	Subei, Yue (including Cantonese, Punti, Taishanese (including Taishanese Hongkongers), Hongkongers (including Punti), Macau, and Namshun), Tankas (including Fuzhou Tankas), Màirén, Hui (including Panthays), Fujianese (including Fuzhounese, Hoklos, Hui'an maidens, Putianese, Fujianese Hongkongers, Fokien, and Teochew), Gaoshan Han, Gan, Tunbao, Pinghua (including Northern Pinghua and Southern Pinghua), Hakka (including Ngai (including Dan)), Hainanese, Hebei, Hunanese, Jianghuai, Shandong, Sichuanese, Wu (including Shanghainese, Ningbonese, and Wenzhounese), Kokang Chinese, Han Taiwanese (including Hoklo Taiwanese and Hakka Taiwanese and Waishengren), Sino-Singaporeans (including Straits Chinese), Chin Haw, Hwagyo, Zhongum), along with significant populations in the United States (including Hoklos, Hongkongers, Fuzhounese Americans, and Hakkas), Mongolia, Malaysia (including Penangite Chinese, Straits Chinese, Sino-Natives (including Tatanas), and Peranakans (including Baba-Nyonya and Kiau–Seng)), Thailand, Indonesia (including Benteng), Myanmar, Canada (including Hongkongers), the Philippines (including Sangleys), Peru, Australia (including Hong Kong Australians), Vietnam (including Chinese Nùng and Ngai (including Dan)), Japan, Russia (including Taz), France (including Chinois and Wenzhounese French), the United Kingdom (including Hong Kong Britons), South Africa, Italy, Bulgaria, Germany, Korea (including North Korea and South Korea), Fiji, Finland, Spain, India (including Zhongum), Laos, Brazil, the Netherlands (including Hongkongers), Argentina, Panama, Madagascar, Mauritius (including Namshun, Fokien, Hakka, and Sino-creoles), Seychelles, Venezuela, Cambodia (including Teochew, Cantonese Cambodians, Hainanese Cambodians, Hoklos, and Hakkas), Belgium, Denmark, Iran, Ireland, Israel, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, the Czech Republic, Chinese Bangladeshis, the Caribbean (including Cuba, the Dominican Republic, Haiti, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, Trinidad and Tobago, Belize, Suriname, and Guyana), Chile, Costa Rica, Brazil, Nicaragua, Pakistan, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Portugal, Mozambique, Romania, Samoa, Serbia, Sri Lanka, Sweden, Turkey, the United Arab Emirates, Uruguay, Algeria, Angola, Botswana, Cameroon, Cape Verde, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Egypt, Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, Lesotho, Libya, Malawi, Mali, Morocco, Namibia, Nigeria, the Republic of Congo, Senegal, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe, and New Zealand	Chinese folk religion, Buddhism → Chinese Buddhism, Taoism, Irreligion (see also Religion in China and Religion in Taiwan)
Hangaza	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Hangaza	Tanzania (Kagera Region)		Christianity
Hani	Sino-Tibetan → Loloish → Hani	China (Yunnan)		Animism
Harari	Afroasiatic → Semitic → Ethiopic → Harari	Ethiopia (Hararia)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Haratins	Afroasiatic → Arabic → Maghrebi Arabic,^{[note 2]} Afroasiatic → Berber^{[note 2]}	Mauritania		Islam → Sunni Islam
Hausa	Afroasiatic → Chadic → Hausa	Hausaland (Niger, Nigeria, Ghana)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Hawaiians	Austronesian → Polynesian → Hawaiian,^{[note 39]} Indo-European → Germanic → English Creole → Hawaiian Pidgin, Hawaiʻi Sign, Hawaiʻi Sign and American Sign → Creole Hawaiʻi Sign	United States (Hawaii)		Christianity, Hawaiian religion
Ḫawlan bin ʾAmir	Afroasiatic → Sayhadic → Razihi, Faifi	Yemen (Saada Governorate), Saudi Arabia (Fifa Mountains)	Razihis, Faifis	Islam → Shia Islam → Zaydism
Haya	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Haya	Tanzania (Kagera Region)		Christianity, Ruhanga
Hazaras	Indo-European → Iranic → Hazaragi	Afghanistan (Hazarajat)		Islam → Shia and Sunni
Hehe	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Hehe	Tanzania (Iringa Region)		Christianity
Heiltsuk	Wakashan → Northern Wakashan → Heiltsuk–Oowekyala → Heiltsuk	Canada (Central Coast Regional District)		Native American religion
Helong^{[note 40]}^[27]	Austronesian → Timoric → Helong	Indonesia (Kupang Regency, Semau Island, Flores Island)		Christianity
Herero	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Herero	Namibia (Hereroland), Angola	OvaHimba, Ovambanderu	Christianity
Highland Travellers	Indo-European → Celtic → Scottish Gaelic → Beurla Reagaird	United Kingdom (Scottish Highlands)		Christianity → Catholicism
Hindustani	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Hindustani	Hindustani Belt, Pakistan, Deccan, Old Dhaka	Urdu-speaking people, Hindi-speaking people	Hinduism, Islam
Hinukh	Northeast Caucasian → Tsezic → Hinuq	Russia (Tsuntinsky and Kizlyarsky districts)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Hispanic Americans	Indo-European → Romance → Spanish → American Spanish	Hispanic America (Mexico, Colombia, Argentina, Peru, Venezuela, Chile, Ecuador, Guatemala, Bolivia, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Honduras, Paraguay, Nicaragua, El Salvador, Costa Rica, Panama, Uruguay), United States (Puerto Rico, Texas, New Mexico, California, Arizona, Colorado, Florida, Louisiana), Belize	Mexicans (including Northeastern Mexicans, Northwestern Mexicans, Baja Californians, Western Mexicans, Abajeno, Central Mexicans, Southern Mexican, Coastal Mexican, Chiapaneco, Yucateco, Basque-Mexican, Mexican-American), Colombian (Cundinamarqués, Bogotan, Boyacense, Santandereano, Huilense, Tolimense, Paisa, Caucano, Pastuso, Valluno, Llanero, Amazonian Colombian, Guajiro, Sabanero, Samario, Vallenato, Chochoano, Tumaqueño, Basque-Colombian, Colombian-American), Argentinian (North Argentinian, Guaranitic, Cuyano, Cordobes, Puntano, Litoraleno, Porteno, Patagonian, Basque-Argentinian, Argentinian-American), Peruvian (Ecuatorial Peruvian, Coastal Peruvian, Andean Peruvian, Amazonian Peruvian, Peruvian-American), Hispanic Venezuelans (Amazonian Venezuelans, Llaneros, Andean Venezuelans, Western Venezuelans, Eastern Venezuelan, Island Venezuelans, Caraquenos, Zulianos, Central Venezuelans, Venezuelan-American, Venezuelan-Colombian), Chilean (Chilean-American), Ecuadorian (Quitenos, Riobambenos, Cuencanos, Lojano, Esmeraldeno, Manabita, Guayaco, Amazonian Ecuadorian, Ecuadorian Americans), Guatemalans (Guatemalan-American), Bolivian (Bolivian-American), Cubans (including Cuban Americans), Dominicans (Dominican-American), Honduran (Honduran-American), Paraguayan (Paraguayan-American), Nicaraguan (Nicaraguan-American), Salvadoran (Caliche, Salvadoran-American), Costa Rican (Costa Rican-American), Panamanians (including Panamanian Americans), Uruguayans (including Uruguayan Americans), Isleños, Hispanic-Belizean, Puerto Ricans, Hispanic Americans in the United States (including Chicanos, Nuyoricans), colonial-era Hispanos in the US and their modern descendants (Tejanos, Californios, Nuevomexicanos, Floridanos, Louisiana Isleños, Louisiana Spanish-Creoles), Spanish Americans (Asturian Americans, Basque Americans, Catalan Americans, Canarian Americans, Galician Americans), along with significant populations in the United States, Spain, France, Canada, Italy, Japan, Germany, United Kingdom, Portugal, Australia and Sweden	Christianity → Catholicism
Hmong	Hmong–Mien → Hmongic^{[note 2]}	China (Guizhou)^{[note 41]}	A-Hmao, Gha-Mu, Xong, Pa-Hng, Hmong Americans	Hmong folk religion
Holikachuk	Na-Dene → Athabaskan → Holikachuk	United States (Alaska)		Christianity, Animism
Hopi	Uto-Aztecan → Hopi	United States (Hopi Reservation)		Christianity, Native American Church
Huli	Trans–New Guinea → Engan → Huli	Papua New Guinea (Southern Highlands Province)		Christianity, Papuan religion
Hungarians	Uralic → Hungarian; Francosign → Austro-Hungarian Sign → Hungarian Sign; historically Indo-European → Iranic → Jassic	Hungary, Romania (Székely Land, Csángó Land, Bukovina), and neighboring regions	Palóc, Matyó, Magyarabs, Hungarian Cumans, Jasz, along with significant populations in Romania (including Szekelys (including Bukovina Szekelys) and Csangos), Slovakia, Serbia, Ukraine, Croatia, Slovenia, Austria, Germany, the United States, and Canada	Christianity → Catholicism, Eastern Catholicism → Hungarian Greek Catholicism, Hungarian Unitarianism
Hunsrikers	Indo-European → Germanic → Hunsrik	Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul)		Christianity → Catholicism, Protestantism
Hunzibs	Northeast Caucasian → Tsezic → Hunzib	Russia (Tsuntinsky District)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Hutterites	Indo-European → Germanic → Hutterite German	Great Plains (United States, Canada)	Schmiedeleut, Lehrerleut, Dariusleut	Christianity → Anabaptism
Hutu	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Great Lakes → Rwanda-Rundi^{[note 42]}	Rwanda, Burundi, Democratic Republic of the Congo (Kivu)		Christianity
Iatmul	Sepik → Iatmul	Papua New Guinea (East Sepik Province)		Christianity
Iban	Austronesian → Malayic → Iban	Malaysia (Sarawak)	Mualang	Christianity
Ibanag	Austronesian → Philippine → Cordilleran → Ibanag	Philippines (Isabela, Cagayan)		Christianity → Catholicism
Ibibio	Niger–Congo → Cross River → Ibibio, Niger–Congo → Cross River → Anaang, Niger–Congo → Cross River → Eket,	Nigeria (Akwa Ibom State)	Eket, Anaang, Oron	Christianity
Icelanders	Indo-European → Germanic → Icelandic, Francosign → DTSic → Icelandic Sign	Iceland		Christianity → Protestantism → Lutheranism, Asartu
Idoma	Niger–Congo → Idomoid → Idoma	Nigeria (Benue State)	Agatu, Alago, Yala	Christianity
Igbo	Niger–Congo → Igbo	Nigeria (Igboland)	Anioma, Aro, Edda, Ekpeye, Etche, Ezaa, Ika, Ikwerre, Ikwo, Isu, Izzi, Mbaise, Mgbo, Ngwa, Nri-Igbo, Ogba, Ohafia, Ohuhu, Onitsha-Ado, Ukwuani, Waawa	Christianity, Odinala
Igede	Niger–Congo → Idomoid → Igede	Nigeria (Benue State)		Christianity
Igorot	Austronesian → Philippine → Cordilleran^{[note 2]}	Philippines (Cordillera Administrative Region)	Balangao, Bontoc, Ibaloi, Ifugao (including Kalanguya), Isnag, Kalinga, Kankanaey	Anitism
Ijaw	Niger–Congo → Ijaw^{[note 2]}	Nigeria (Rivers, Bayelsa, and Delta States)	Bille, Engenni, Ibani, Kalabari, Kula, Nkoro, Nkoroo, Obolo	Christianity
Ili Turks	Turkic → Karluk → Ili Turki	China (Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture), Kazakhstan		Islam → Sunni Islam
Ilocano	Austronesian → Philippine → Cordilleran → Ilocano	Philippines (Ilocos Region)		Christianity → Catholicism
Imraguen	Afroasiatic → Arabic → Hassaniya Arabic → Imraguen	Mauritania, Western Sahara		Islam → Sunni Islam
Indo-Caribbeans	Indo-European → Germanic → English → English Creole; Indo-European → Romance → Spanish → Caribbean Spanish; Indo-European → Romance → French → French Creole; Indo-European → Germanic → Dutch → Surinamese Dutch; Indo-European → Romance → Portuguese → Papiamento; Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Hindustani → Caribbean Hindustani; Dravidian → Tamiloid → Tamil	Caribbean	Indo-Barbadians, Indo-Dominicans, Indo-Grenadians, Indo-Guadeloupeans, Indo-Haitians, Indo-Jamaicans, Indo-Martiniquais, Indo-Kittitians and Indo-Nevisians, Indo-Saint Lucians, Indo-Trinidadian and Tobagonians, Indo-Vincentians, Indo-Belizeans, Indo-Guyanese, Indo-Surinamese, with significant populations in the United States and the United Kingdom	Hinduism, Christianity, Islam, Sikhism, Jainism, Buddhism, Zoroastrianism, Baháʼí
Indo-Fijians	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Hindustani → Fiji Hindi; Indo-European → Germanic → English; Dravidian → Tamiloid → Tamil; Austronesian → Central Pacific → Fijian	Fiji	Significant populations in Australia, New Zealand, United States, Canada, and United Kingdom	Hinduism, Islam, Christianity, Sikhism
Indo-Mauritians	Indo-European → French-based creole → Mauritian Creole; Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Bhojpuri; Dravidian → Tamiloid → Tamil	Mauritius		Hinduism, Islam
Indo-South Africans	Indo-European → Germanic → English → South African English	South Africa		Hinduism, Islam, Sikhism, Jainism
Indos	Indo-European → Germanic → Dutch; Austronesian → Malayic → Indonesian–Malaysian Malay → Indonesian	Indonesia		Christianity
Indus Kohistanis	Indo-European → Dardic → Indus Kohistani	Pakistan (Kohistan)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Ingushes	Northeast Caucasian → Nakh → Ingush, Chechen → Orstkhoy	Russia (Ingushetia, Orstkhoy-Mokhk, Ossetian Prigorodny, Vladikavkaz)	Orstkhoys, Dzherakhs, Sholkhis, Feappiis, Khamkhins, Tsorins, Galashians, Nazranians, other shahars	Islam → Sunni Islam → Shafi'i; historically Vainakh religion
Innu	Algic → Algonquian → Innu-aimun, Naskapi	Canada (Nitassinan)	Naskapi (including Kawawachikamach Naskapi, Mushuau Naskapi), Nutashkuan Innu, Ekuanitshit Innu, Mushuau Innu, Sheshatshiu Innu, Matimekush-Lac John Innu, Uashat–Mani-Utenam Innu, Essipit Innu, Pekuakamiulnuatsh Innu, Pessamit Innu, Pakuashipi Innu, Unamenshipit Innu	Animism
Inuit	Eskaleut → Inuit,^{[note 2]} Inuit Sign language	Danish Realm (Greenland), Canada (Inuit Nunangat), United States (Alaska)	Greenlanders (including Kalaallit, Tunumiit, Inughuit and Greenlandic Danes), Inupiat (including Nunamiut), Inuktitut, Inuvialuit, Iglulik Inuit (including Aivilingmiut), historically Ahiarmiut	Christianity, Inuit religion
Iranis	Indo-European → Iranic → Zoroastrian Dari	India		Zoroastrianism
Iranun	Austronesian → Philippine → Iranun	Philippines (Mindanao)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Iraqw	Afroasiatic → Cushitic → Iraqw	Tanzania		Christianity
Irish	Indo-European → Celtic → Irish; Indo-European → Germanic → English → Hiberno-English; Francosign → Irish Sign; BANZSL → British Sign → Northern Ireland Sign; historically Indo-European → Germanic → Yola and Fingallian	Ireland	Irish Catholics, Yola (including Forthers, Bargymen), significant populations in the United States (including Scotch-Irish Americans), United Kingdom (including Ulster Scots people), Canada (including Scotch-Irish Canadians), Australia, New Zealand, Mainland Europe, Mexico, Argentina, Chile, Uruguay, Puerto Rico, and India	Christianity → Catholicism and Protestantism
Irish Travellers	Indo-European → Irish and English → Shelta, Francosign → Irish Sign	Ireland	Significant populations in the United Kingdom, and the United States	Christianity → Catholicism
Isan	Kra–Dai → Tai → Isan	Thailand (Isan)		Buddhism → Theravada Buddhism
Isoko	Niger–Congo → Edoid → Isoko	Nigeria (Isoko region)		Christianity
Istro-Romanians	Indo-European → Romance → Istro-Romanian	Croatia (Istria)		Christianity → Catholicism
Italians	Indo-European → Romance → Italian, Istriot, Ligurian, Lombard; Indo-European → Slavic → Slavomolisano; Francosign → LISic → Italian Sign;^{[note 2]} historically Indo-European → Romance → Dalmatian	Italy, Switzerland (Italian Grisons, Ticino), France (Nice), San Marino, Vatican City, Croatia (Dalmatia, Croatian Istria), Montenegro (Dalmatia), Slovenia (Slovenian Istria, Slovene Littoral)	Lombards, Molise Croats,^[28] Dalmatian Italians, Istrian Italians, Niçard Italians, Swiss Italians, Sammarinese, with significant populations in the United States, Canada, Somalia, Libya, the United Kingdom, France, Germany, Romania, Croatia, Ethiopia, Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay, Chile.	Christianity → Catholicism
Itawes	Austronesian → Philippine → Cordilleran → Itawis	Philippines (Cagayan Valley)		Christianity → Catholicism
Itelmens	Chukotko-Kamchatkan → Kamchatkan → Itelmen	Russia (Kamchatka Peninsula)		Shamanism
Ivatans	Austronesian → Philippine → Batanic → Ivatan	Philippines (Batanes)		Christianity → Catholicism
Izhorians	Uralic → Finnic → Ingrian	Russia (Ingria)		Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy
Jadgals	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Jadgali	Balochistan (Pakistan (Balochistan), Iran (Sistan and Baluchestan)), Oman	Sardarzahi, Bizenjo, Zehri, Sasoli, Mengal, Mir, Hoot	Islam → Sunni Islam
Jamaican Maroons	Indo-European → Germanic → English → Jamaican Patois, Jamaican Maroon Creole	Jamaica		Kumfu
Jambian	Austronesian → Jambian	Indonesia (Jambia)	Batin	Sunni Islam
Japanese/Yamato	Japonic → Japanese,^{[note 2]}^{[note 44]} Hachijō; JSLic → Japanese Sign; Miyakubo Sign Language	Japan	Kantō, Kansai, Hokkaido, Tōhoku, Hōnichi, Satsugū, Chūgoku, Echigo, Tōkai, Shinshuu, Hokuriku, Hachijō, Miyakubo, Tsugaru, and Nikkei Brazilians in Japan, along with significant populations in Brazil, the United States (including Hawaii), Canada, the Caribbean (including Cuba, the Dominican Republic, and Jamaica), Mexico, Argentina, Uruguay, Venezuela, France, Germany, Russia, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, China (including Hong Kong), Belgium (including Brussels), Spain (most notably Japón family of Coria del Río),^[35]^[36] Turkey, Bolivia, Colombia, Paraguay, Peru, Chile, Egypt, India, Indonesia, North Korea, South Korea, Malaysia, Nepal, New Zealand, Australia, Pakistan, the Solomon Islands, Sri Lanka, Vietnam, South Africa, Singapore, the Federated States of Micronesia, Kiribati, the Marshall Islands, Palau, Thailand, Papua New Guinea, the United Arab Emirates, and the Philippines.	Irreligion, Shinto, Tenrikyo, Buddhism;^{[note 45]} Christianity → Catholicism → Kakure and Hanure Krishitanity
Jarai	Austronesian → Chamic → Jarai	Vietnam (Central Highlands)		Animism
Jarawas	Ongan → Jarawa	India (South Andaman, Middle Andaman)		Animism
Javanese	Austronesian → Javanese^{[note 2]}	Indonesia (Java)	Osing, Tenggerese, Boyanese, Banyumasan, Mataram, along with significant populations in Malaysia, Indonesians in Singapore (over 60% of Singaporean Malays are of Javanese descent),^[37] Suriname, China, Sri Lanka, French Guiana, New Caledonia, and Saudi Arabia	Islam → Sunni Islam; Sunni Islam + Hinduism + Buddhism + Animism → Kejawèn
Jeks	Northeast Caucasian → Lezgic → Jek; Turkic → Oghuz → Azeri	Azerbaijan (Mount Shahdagh)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Jews	Afroasiatic → Canaanite → Hebrew → Modern Hebrew,^{[note 46]} Jewish languages,^{[note 2]}^{[note 47]} DGSic → Israeli Sign, historically Indo-European → Romance → Zarphatic; Indo-European → Romance → Judaeo-Portuguese, Indo-European → Slavic → Knaanic	Israel^{[note 48]}	Ashkenazim (including Galitzianers, Yekkes, Chuts, Unterlander Jews, Oberlander Jews, Litvaks, Afrikaner-Jews, Udmurt and Tatar Jews), Assyrian Jews, Sephardim (including Eastern Sephardim, North African Sephardim, Maroka'im, Algerian Jews (including Mozabite Jews), Tunisian Jews, Libyan Jews, Amazonian Jews, Iberian Jews, Sephardic Bnei Anusim, Xuetes, and Toshavim (including Mozabite Jews)), Mizrahim (including Bukharim, Juhurim, Kurdim, Syrian Jews, Arab Jews, Afghan Jews, Baghdadi Jews, Teimanim (including Rechabites, Baladi Jews, Shami Jews, and Rambamists), Sharʿabi Jews, Habbanim, Banu al-Harith, Adeni Jews, Persim, Mashhadi Jews, and Kaifeng Jews), Astrakhan Jews, Beta Israel (including Beta Abraham and Falash Mura), Italkim (including San Nicandro Jews and Italian Rite Jews), Rusape Jews, Romaniotes, Constantinopolitan Karaites, Bavlim, Crimean Karaites, Krymchaks, Gruzim, Benei Sion, Bene Israel, Banu Israil, Kochinim, Paradesi, Lishanid Noshan, Israeli Jews, B'nai Moshe, Bnei Menashe, Urfalim, Meshuchrarim, Abayudaya, Shaposhniki, Karaimites, Desi Jews, Igbo Jews, Levites (including Kohen), Transcarpathian Jews, and Bene Ephraim, as well as historically Khazars (including Kabars), along with significant populations in the United States (including Syrian Jews, Old Stock Jews, African-American Jews, Melungeon Jews, Puerto Rican Jews, Guamanian Jews), Canada, Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay, Russia, Belarus, the Czech lands, Ukraine, Moldova, Romania, Bulgaria, Poland, Turkey, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Austria, Italy, Greece, Switzerland, Belgium, Iraq, Denmark, the Netherlands, France, Monaco, the United Kingdom, Peru, South Africa, Australia, India (including Sephardim) and New Zealand	Judaism
Jingpo	Sino-Tibetan → Sal → Jingpho	China (Yunnan), India (Northeast India), Myanmar (Kachin State)		Animism
Jita	Atlantic–Congo → Bantu → Suguti	Tanzania (Mara Region)		Christianity, Ethnic Religion
Jola	Niger–Congo → West Atlantic → Senegambian → Jola^{[note 2]}	Senegal (Jolaland)	Banjaal, Bayot, Gusilay, Fogni, Karon, Kasa, Kuwaataay, Mlomp	Traditional African religions
Jukun	Niger–Congo → Jukun Takum^{[note 49]}	Nigeria (Wukari)	Wannu	Traditional African religions
Jur	Nilotic → Luo → Jur	South Sudan	Beli, Sopi, Mödö, Nyamusa, Wira, Biti, Morokodo	Christianity, Traditional African religions^[39]
Kablunângajuit	Indo-European → Germanic → English → Canadian English → Newfoundland English	Canada (Nunatsiavut)		Christianity
Kabyle	Afroasiatic → Berber → Kabyle	Algeria (Kabylia)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Kadazan–Dusun	Austronesian → Southwest Sabahan → Dusunic^{[note 2]}	Malaysia (Sabah)	Kadazan, Dusun, Dumpas, Ida'an, Kwijau, Lotud, Mangka'ak, Maragang, Minokok, Orang Sungai, Rumanau, Rungus, Tambanuo	Christianity, Momolianism
Kafwe Twa	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Tonga	Zambia (Kafue Flats)		Traditional African religion
Kaguru	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Kagulu	Tanzania (Ukaguru Mountains)		Folk religion
Kaingang	Macro-Je → Je → Kaingang^{[note 2]}	Brazil (Paraná, Santa Catarina, Rio Grande do Sul, Sao Paulo)		Shamanism
Kalanga	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Shona → Kalanga	Zimbabwe, Botswana	Nambya	Christianity
Kalash	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Kalasha	Pakistan (Chitral District)		Kalasha
Kalenjin	Nilo-Saharan → Nilotic → Kalenjin^{[note 2]}	Kenya (Rift Valley Province)	Keiyo, Tugen, Marakwet, Nandi, Kipsigis, Sabaot, Pokoot, Terik	Christianity
Kalinago	Indo-European → Germanic → English,^{[note 50]} Arawakan → Ta-Arawakan → Kalinago → Garifuna, Vincentian Creole	Lesser Antilles		Christianity → Catholicism
Kalmyks	Mongolic → Central Mongolic → Oirat → Kalmyk Oirat, Sart Kalmyk	Russia (Kalmykia), Kyrgyzstan (Issyk-Kul Region)	Sart Kalmyks, Buzava	Buddhism → Tibetan Buddhism
Kaluli	Trans-New Guinea → Kaluli	Papua New Guinea (Great Papuan Plateau)		Papuan religion
Kamba	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Kamba	Kenya (Ukambani)		Christianity
Kamentsa	Camsa language	Colombia (Putumayo)		Christianity
Kanaks	Austronesian → Kanak^{[note 2]}	France (Kanaky)	Haveke, Ajie, Arha, Xaragure, Haeke	Christianity → Catholicism
Kangeanese	Austronesian → Malayo-Polyesian → Madurese → Kangeanese	Indonesia (Kangean Islands)	Kangean, Paliat, Sepanjang, Sabunten, Saobi	Islam → Sunni Islam
Kannadigas	Dravidian → Kannadoid → Kannada	India (Karnataka)	Vokkaliga	Hinduism, Jainism
Kanuri	Nilo-Saharan → Saharan → Kanuri	Kanuriland (Nigeria, Niger, Chad, Cameroon)	Kanembu, Yerwa Kanuri	Islam
Kao	West Papuan → North Halmahera → Kao; West Papuan → North Halmahera → Modole	Indonesia (Kao Land)	Pagu, Modole people, Boeng, Towiliko	Christianity, Islam, Animism
Kapampangans	Austronesian → Philippine → Kapampangan	Philippines (Pampanga)		Christianity → Catholicism, Iglesia ni Cristo, Anitism
Kapingamarangi	Austronesian → Polynesian → Kapingamarangi	Federated States of Micronesia (Kapingamarangi)		Christianity
Kapsiki	Afroasiatic → Chadic → Kapsiki	Mandara Mountains (Nigeria, Cameroon)		Islam
Karachays	Turkic → Kipchak → Karachay	Russia (Karachay-Cherkessia)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Karakalpaks	Turkic → Kipchak → Karakalpak	Uzbekistan (Karakalpakstan)	Qon'ırat, On To'rt Urıw	Islam → Sunni Islam
Karamanlides	Turkic → Oghuz → Turkish → Karamanli Turkish	Turkey (Karaman Province, Cappadocia)^[40]		Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy → Greek Orthodoxy → Turkish Orthodox Church
Karatas	Northeast Caucasian → Avar–Andic → Karata	Russia (Dagestan)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Karbi	Sino-Tibetan → Kuki-Chin–Naga → Karbic^{[note 2]}	India (Assam, Meghalaya)	Karbi, Amri Karbi	Hinduism, Animism, Christianity
Karelians	Uralic → Finnic → Karelian, Ludic, Livvi-Karelian	Karelia (Finland, Russia)	Tver Karelians, Olonets Karelians	Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy
Karen	Sino-Tibetan → Karenic^{[note 2]}	Myanmar (Karen State, Kayah State, Pa'O Self-Administered Zone), Thailand	S'gaw Karen, Pwo Karen, Karenni (including Kayan), Pa'O	Buddhism → Theravada Buddhism
Kartudjara	Pama-Nyungan → Wati → Wati	Australia (Southern Australia)		Animism
Karuk	Karuk language	United States (California)		Christianity
Kashmiris	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Dardic → Kashmiri	Kashmir (India, Pakistan)	Kashmiri Hindus (including Kashmiri Pandits), Kashmiris in Punjab	Islam → Sunni Islam, Hinduism, Sikhism
Kashubians	Indo-European → Slavic → Kashubian; historically Indo-European → Slavic → Slovincian	Poland (Kashubia)	Krubans, Slovincians, and Gochans, along with significant populations in the United States	Christianity → Catholicism
Kaska Dena	Na-Dene → Athabaskan → Kaska	Canada (British Columbia, Yukon Territory)		Native American religion
Kassena	Atlantic–Congo → Gur → Kasena	Ghana (Kassena-Nankana), Burkina Faso		Kassena religion
Kaurna	Pama-Nyungan → Thura-Yura → Kaurna^{[note 51]}	Australia (South Australia)		Dreamtime
Kaw	Siouan → Western Siouan → Dhegihan → Kansa	United States (Oklahoma, Kansas)		Christianity, Native American Church, Native American religion
Kawesqar	Alacalufan → Kawesqar	Chile (Chilean Patagonia, Wellington Island)		Christianity → Protestantism
Kayapo	Macro-Je → Je → Kayapo	Brazil (Pará, Mato Grosso)		Animism
Kazakhs	Turkic → Kipchak → Kazakh; Francosign → RSLic → Russian Sign → Kazakh Sign	Kazakhstan	Uly juz, Orta juz, Kishi juz. Significant populations in China, Iran, Canada, the United States, and Russia	Islam → Sunni Islam
Kemak	Austronesian → Timoric → Kemak	Indonesia (West Timor), East Timor		Folk religion, Christianity
Kereks	Chukotko-Kamchatkan → Chukotkan → Kerek	Russia (Chukotka)		Shamanism
Keres	Keresan languages,^{[note 2]} Keresan Sign Language	United States (Sandoval County and Cibola County, New Mexico)	Eastern Keres (including Dámáyámʾé, Dîiwʾamʾé, Katishtya, Kʾúutìimʾé, Tsʾíiyʾamʾé) Western Keres (including Áakʾùumʾé, Kʾáwáigamʾé)	Syncretised form of Christianity and Pueblo religion
Kerewe	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Kerewe	Tanzania (Ukerewe Island)		Christianity, Traditional African religions
Kerincian	Austronesian → Kerincian	Indonesia (Kerincia)		Sunni Islam
Ket	Yeniseian → Northern Yeniseian → Ket	Russia (Krasnoyarsk Krai)		Shamanism
Khakas	Turkic → Siberian Turkic → Khakas	Russia (Khakassia)		Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy → Russian Orthodoxy, Shamanism → Tengrism
Khalaj	Turkic → Common Turkic → Khalaj	Iran		Islam → Shia Islam
Khanty	Uralic → Khanty^{[note 2]}	Russia (Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug)		Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy → Russian Orthodoxy, Shamanism → Bear worship
Khas	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Nepali	Nepal, India (Uttarakhand, Sikkim, Assam, West Bengal)	Chhetri, Thakuri, Rana, Vaisya, Kami, Damai, Sarki, Sunar, Gandarbha	Hinduism
Khasi	Austroasiatic → Khasi–Palaungic → Khasic^{[note 2]}	India (Meghalaya)	Pnar	Christianity
Khinalugs	Northeast Caucasian → Khinalug	Azerbaijan (Khinalug)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Khmer	Austroasiatic → Khmer	Cambodia, Mekong Delta, Isan	Northern Khmer people, Khmer Krom and Significant populations in the United States	Buddhism → Theravada Buddhism
Khonds	Dravidian → Kui	India (Kandhamal)		Hinduism
Khorasani Turks	Turkic → Oghuz → Khorasani Turkic	Iran (Khorasan), Turkmenistan		Islam → Shia Islam
Khwarshi	Northeast Caucasian → Tsezic → Khwarshi	Russia (Tsumadinsky District)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Kickapoo	Algic → Algonquian → Kickapoo	United States (Kansas, Oklahoma, Texas), Mexico (Coahuila, Sonora, Durango)	Tribu Kikapú, Kickapoo Tribe in Kansas, Kickapoo Traditional Tribe of Texas, Kickapoo Tribe of Oklahoma	Native American Church, Christianity
Kiga	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Kiga	Uganda, Rwanda		Christianity → Catholicism, Christianity → Protestantism
Kikuyu	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Kikuyu	Kenya (Central Province)		Christianity
Kilba	Afroasiatic → Chadic → Huba	Nigeria (Hong)		Christianity
Kinga	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Kinga	Tanzania (Kipengere Range)		Christianity, Traditional African religion
Kiowa	Tanoan → Kiowa	United States (Oklahoma)		Christianity, Native American Church
Kirantis	Sino-Tibetan → Kiranti^{[note 2]}	Nepal (Eastern Region)	Limbu, Sunuwar, Yakkha (including Athpare), Rai (including Kulung, Bantawa, and Bahing)	Kirat Mundhum
Kiribati	Austronesian → Micronesian → Gilbertese	Gilbert Islands (Kiribati)		Christianity, Baháʼí Faith
Kiriri	Indo-European → Romance → Portuguese → Brazilian Portuguese; formerly Macro-Jê → Kariri	Brazil (Ceará)		Toré religion^[41]
Kissi	Niger–Congo → West Atlantic → Mel → Kissi	Guinea, Sierra Leone		Christianity
Klallam	Salishan → Coast Salish → Klallam	United States (Olympic Peninsula, Kitsap Peninsula), Canada (Vancouver Island)	Lower Elwha Klallam, Jamestown S'Klallam, Port Gamble S'Klallam, Scia'new Klallam	Christianity, Shamanism
Koara	Pama-Nyungan → Wati → Wati	Australia (Western Australia)		Animism
Koches	Sino-Tibetan → Sal → Koch	India (Assam, Meghalaya), northern Bangladesh		Animism
Kodava	Dravidian → Tamil–Kodava–Urali → Kodava	India (Kodagu, Bangalore, Mysore)		Hinduism
Kofyar	Afroasiatic → Chadic → Kofyar	Nigeria (Plateau State)		Traditional African religions
Kokatha	Pama-Nyungan → Wati → Wati	Australia (South Australia)		Animism
Komi	Uralic → Permic → Komi	Russia (Komi Republic, Permyakia)	Komi-Zyrians, Komi-Permyaks, Izhma Komi	Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy
Konda Reddis	Dravidian → South-Central Dravidian → Telugu	India (Andhra Pradesh, Odisha, Tamil Nadu)		Hinduism
Kongo	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Kongo	Kongoland (Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Angola)	Lari, Vili, Yombe, Suundi, Dondo, Hangala, Kugni, Manyanga, Beembe	Christianity, Kongo religion
Konjo	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Konjo	Rwenzori Mountains (Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda)	Nande	Christianity
Konkani	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Konkani	India (Konkan)		Hinduism
Konso	Afroasiatic → Cushitic → Konso	Ethiopia (Konso)		Traditional African religions
Koreans	Koreanic languages,^{[note 2]} JSLic → Korean Sign	Korea (North Korea, South Korea), China (Jilin, Xi'an District)	North Koreans (including in South Korea), South Koreans, Jeju Islanders, Koryo-saram, Sakhalin Koreans, Zainichi Koreans, Chaoxianzu (including in Japan and Korea) and along with significant populations in the United States, Canada, Mexico, Cuba, Guatemala, Russia (including North Koreans, Koryo-saram, and Sakhalin Koreans), China, Japan (including Zainichi Koreans and Chaoxianzu), Vietnam, Thailand, Singapore, the Philippines, Indonesia, Mongolia, Iran, Nepal, Taiwan, Sri Lanka, India, the Arab world, Africa (including South Africa), Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, Venezuela, Australia, Ukraine, New Zealand, Micronesia, Peru, Chile, Uruguay, Germany, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, and the Czech Republic	Christianity^{[note 26]} → Protestantism and Catholicism, Buddhism → Mahayana Buddhism → Korean Buddhism, Korean shamanism, Cheondoism, Unification Church, Juche
Koryaks	Chukotko-Kamchatkan → Chukotkan → Koryak	Russia (Koryak Okrug)		Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy, Shamanism
Kosraeans	Austronesian → Micronesian → Kosraean	Federated States of Micronesia (Kosrae)		Christianity
Koyukon	Na-Dene → Athabaskan → Koyukon	United States (Alaska)		Christianity, Animism
Kpelle	Niger–Congo → Mande → Kpelle	Liberia, Guinea		Traditional African religions
Kposo	Niger–Congo → Kwa → Ghana–Togo Mountain → Kposo	Togo (Plateaux), Ghana		Christianity → Catholicism
Kraho	Macro-Je → Je → Kraho	Brazil (Terra Indigena Kraolandia)		Animism
Kristang	Indo-European → Portuguese-based creole → Kristang	Malaysia, Singapore		Christianity → Catholicism
Kru	Niger–Congo → Kru^{[note 2]}	Liberia (Grand Kru and Maryland Counties)	Aizi, Bete, Bakwe, Grebo, Krahn (including Sapo), Kuwaa	Christianity
Kryts	Northeast Caucasian → Lezgic → Kryts	Azerbaijan		Islam → Sunni Islam
Kulin	Pama-Nyungan → Kulinic → Kulin	Australia (Victoria)		Alcheringa
Kumandins	Turkic → Siberian Turkic → Northern Altai → Kumandy	Russia (Altai Krai, Altai Republic)		Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy → Russian Orthodoxy
Kumaonis	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Kumaoni	India (Uttarakhand (Kumaon)), Nepal (Doti)	Johari, Askoti, Bhabhri, Danpuriya, Gangoli, Khasparjiya, Kumaiyya, Pachhai, Phaldakotiya, Rhau-Chaubyansi, Sirali, Soriyali	Hinduism, Buddhism
Kumyks	Turkic → Kipchak → Kumyk	Russia (Kumykia)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Kumzari	Indo-European → Iranic → Kumzari	Oman (Kumzar)		Islam → Ibadi Islam, Sunni Islam
Kunama	Nilo-Saharan → Kunama	Eritrea, Ethiopia		Christianity → Oriental Orthodoxy → Ethiopian Orthodoxy
Kurds	Indo-European → Iranic → Kurdish,^{[note 2]} Zaza–Gorani;^{[note 2]} Turkic → Oghuz → Khorasani Turkic; Kurdish Sign language	Kurdistan (Iraq (Southern Kurdistan), Iran (Eastern Kurdistan, Khorasan, Golestan), Syria (Western Kurdistan), Turkey (Northern Kurdistan)), South Caucasus (Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia)	Bajalan, Zazas, Feylis, Iranian Laks, Chechen Kurds, Yazidis, Yarsanis, Kurdish Christians, Shabaks, Sheylanli, Chalabianlu, Muzuri, Caucasian Kurds, Khorasani Kurds along with significant populations in Iraq (including Yazidis), Iran, Syria (including Yazidis), Turkey (including Yazidis), Armenia (including Yazidis), Georgia (including Yazidis), Azerbaijan, France, Palestine, Kazakhstan, and Germany (including Yazidis)	Islam → Sunni Islam → Sufism → Naqshbandi, Qadiriyya; Islam → Alevism → Kurdish Alevism; Yazidism; Yarsanism; Zoroastrianism
Kuria	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Kuria	Kenya, Tanzania		Traditional African religions, Christianity
Kurukh	Dravidian → Kurukh	India (Chota Nagpur Plateau)	Kisan	Sarnaism, Christianity, Hinduism
Kuteb	Niger–Congo → Jukunoid → Kuteb	Nigeria (Taraba State)		Christianity
Kuwarranyji	Pama–Nyungan → Ngumpin–Yapa → Mudburra → Kuwarranyji	Australia (Northern Territory)		Alcheringa
Kvens	Uralic → Finnic → Finnish → Kven	Norway (Northern Norway)		Christianity → Protestantism → Lutheranism → Laestadianism
Kwakwaka'wakw	Wakashan → Northern Wakashan → Kwak'wala	Canada (British Columbia)		Native American religion
Kwaya	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Kwaya	Tanzania (Mara Region)		Christianity, Traditional African religion
Kwere	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Kwere	Tanzania (Bagamoyo District)		Islam, Traditional African religion
Kwinti	Indo-European → English Creole → Kwinti	Suriname		Christianity → Moravian Church
Kyrgyz	Turkic → Kipchak → Kyrgyz; Mongolic → Central Mongolic → Oirat → Sart Kalmyk; Francosign → RSLic → Russian Sign^[42]	Kyrgyzstan, China (Xinjiang), Uzbekistan	Sart Kalmyks, Kyrgyzstani Kyrgyz, Uzbekistani Kyrgyz, Chinese Kyrgyz (including Akto Turkmen), significant populations in Turkey, Pakistan	Islam → Sunni Islam → Hanafi, Tengrism
Ladakhis	Sino-Tibetan → Tibetic → Ladakhi	India (Ladakh), China (Tibet), Pakistan (Baltistan)		Buddhism → Tibetan Buddhism, Islam → Shia Islam, Hinduism
Ladins	Indo-European → Romance → Ladin	Italy (Ladinia)		Christianity → Catholicism
Laks	Northeast Caucasian → Lak	Russia (Lakia)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Lamaholot	Austronesian → Flores–Lembata → Lamaholot	Indonesia (Solor)		Christianity → Catholicism
Lampungs	Austronesian → Lampung	Indonesia (Lampung)		Islam
Lani	Trans-New Guinea → Western Dani	Indonesia (Central Papua, Highland Papua)		Christianity, Animism
Lao	Kra–Dai → Tai → Lao	Laos		Buddhism → Theravada Buddhism, Satsana Phi
Larrakia	Larrakia	Australia (Northern Territory)		Alcheringa
Latvians	Indo-European → Baltic → Latvian, Latgalian; Francosign → Russian Sign → Latvian Sign	Latvia, Russia (Zelenogradsky District, Arch-Latvian Selsoviet, Nizhnyaya Bulanka), Lithuania (Klaipėda County)	Latgalians, Kursenieki, Selonians	Christianity → Protestantism → Lutheranism
Laz	Kartvelian → Zan → Laz^{[note 52]}	Lazistan (Turkey, Georgia)	Turkish Laz, Georgian Laz	Islam → Sunni Islam
Lega	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Lega	Democratic Republic of the Congo		Traditional African religions
Lemba	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Venda, Niger–Congo → Bantu → Shona	Zimbabwe, South Africa, Malawi, Mozambique		Christianity, Islam, Judaism
Lenape	Algic → Algonquian → Munsee; historically Algic → Algonquian → Unami	United States, Canada	Munsee (including Christian Munsee (including Delaware Nation at Moraviantown), Stockbridge Munsee, Munsee-Delaware Nation), Delaware Nation, Delaware Tribe of Indians, Lenape Indian Tribe of Delaware, Delaware of Six Nations, Nanticoke Lenni-Lenape, Ramapough Mountain Indians	Traditional Lenape religion
Lenca	Macro-Chibchan → Lencan, Indo-European → Romance → Spanish → Honduran Spanish, Salvadoran Spanish	Honduras, El Salvador		Christianity → Catholicism, Sovereign Tribal Custom
Lepchas	Sino-Tibetan → Tibeto-Burman → Lepcha	India (Sikkim, West Bengal), Nepal, Bhutan, China (Tibet)		Buddhism, Mun, Christianity
Lezgins	Northeast Caucasian → Lezgic → Lezgian	Lezgistan (Russia, Azerbaijan)	Azerbaijani Lezgins	Islam → Sunni Islam
Lhoba	Sino-Tibetan → Adi, Bokar, Idu Mishmi^{[note 53]}	China (Tibet), India (Arunachal Pradesh)	Nishi, Na, Galo, Mishmi people, Tagin, Adi	Animism, Buddhism, Christianity
Lhotshampa	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Nepali	Bhutan		Hinduism, Buddhism
Li	Kra–Dai → Hlai^{[note 2]}	China (Hainan)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Liechtensteiners	Indo-European → Germanic → Alemmanic German	Liechtenstein]		Christianity → Catholicism
Limba	Niger–Congo → Limba	Sierra Leone (Bombali and Koinadugu Districts)		Christianity
Lipka Tatars	Indo-European → Slavic → Belarusian, Polish; Indo-European → Baltic → Lithuanian	Belarus, Poland, Lithuania		Islam → Sunnism
Lisu	Sino-Tibetan → Loloish → Lisu	China, Myanmar	Lipo	Christianity → Protestantism → Lisu Christianity
Lithuanians	Indo-European → Baltic → Lithuanian,^{[note 2]}^[43] Lithuanian Sign	Lithuania, Poland (Podlaskie), Russia (Kaliningrad Oblast)	Samogitians, Aukštaitians, Lietuvninkai, along with significant populations in the United States, Canada, Brazil, Poland and the United Kingdom	Christianity → Catholicism
Livonians	Uralic → Finnic → Livonian	Latvia, Estonia		Christianity → Protestantism → Lutheranism
Lodha	Austroasiatic → Munda → Lodhi	India (Jharkhand, Odisha, West Bengal)	Lodha Muslims	Hinduism, Islam
Loloda	West Papuan → North Halmahera → Loloda	Indonesia (Loloda Islands)		Islam, Animism
Lom	Indo-European → Armenian and Indo-Aryan → Lomavren; Indo-European → Armenian	Armenia, Georgia, Turkey		Christianity → Oriental Orthodoxy
Lori	Indo-European → Iranic → Balochi; Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Saraiki	Balochistan (India, Pakistan)		Islam
Lower Cowlitz	Historically Salishan → Coast Salish → Cowlitz	United States (Cowlitz Reservation, Quinault Reservation, Chehalis Reservation)		Native American religion
Luangiua	Austronesian → Polynesian → Luangiua	Solomon Islands (Ontong Java)		Christianity
Luba	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Luban^{[note 2]}	Democratic Republic of the Congo (Lubaland)	Luba-Kasai, Luba-Katanga, Hemba (including Bangubangu), Songe, Lulua	Christianity
Lubu	Austronesian → Malayic → Lubu	Indonesia (Sumatra)		Islam
Lugbara	Nilo-Saharan → Central Sudanic → Lugbara	Democratic Republic of the Congo (Orientale Province), South Sudan, Uganda (West Nile (particularly Arua City, Arua, Maracha, Terego, Madi-Okollo, Yumbe and Koboko districts))	Ayivu, Maracha, Terego, Vurra, Aringa	Christianity, Islam, Lugbara religion^[44]
Luhya	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Luhya	Kenya (Western Province)	Bukusu, Idakho, Isukha, Kabras, Khayo, Kisa, Marachi, Maragoli, Marama, Nyole, Samia, Tachoni, Tiriki, Tsotso, Wanga,	Christianity
Lumbee	Indo-European → Germanic → English → American Indian English → Lumbee English	United States (North Carolina)		Christianity
Luo	Nilo-Saharan → Nilotic → Dholuo	Kenya		Christianity
Luritja	Pama-Nyungan → Wati → Luritja	Australia (Northern Territory)		Alcheringa
Lurs	Indo-European → Iranic → Luri	Iran (Lorestan, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad, Khuzestan, Bushehr, and Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Provinces)	Bakhtiari, Iranian Laks	Islam → Shia Islam, Yarsanism
Luso-Africans	Indo-European → Romance → Portuguese → African Portuguese	PALOP countries (Angola, Guinea-Bissau, Cape Verde, Mozambique, São Tomé and Príncipe, Equatorial Guinea), South Africa	Portuguese Africans (including Luso-Angolans, Cape Verdeans, Luso-Equatoguineans, Luso-Guineans, Mozambique, Santomeans, Luso-South Africans)	Christianity → Catholicism
Luso-Brazilians	Indo-European → Romance → Portuguese → Brazilian Portuguese	Brazil	North Brazilians, Northeast Brazilians, Central-West Brazilians, Southeast Brazilians (includes Caipiras), South Brazilians (including Paranaenses, Riograndenses, and Catarinenses), along with significant populations in the United States, Portugal, Paraguay, United Kingdom, Japan, Italy, Spain, Germany, Canada, Argentina, France, Switzerland, French Guiana, Australia, Ireland, Mexico, Uruguay, Belgium, Bolivia, Netherlands, and Suriname	Christianity → Catholicism
Luso-Indians	Indo-European → Romance → Portuguese → Daman and Diu Portuguese Creole, Korlai Portuguese Creole, Cochin Portuguese Creole; Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Konkani, Gujarati; Indo-European → Germanic → English	India (Goa, Gujarat, Mumbai, Vasai, Daman, Diu & Silvassa, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Kolkata, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka)		Christianity → Catholicism; Hinduism
Luxembourgers	Indo-European → Germanic → Moselle Franconian → Luxembourgish	Luxembourg, Belgium (Arelerland), and surrounding regions	Significant populations in Brazil, Canada, and the United States	Christianity → Catholicism
Maasai	Nilo-Saharan → Nilotic → Maasai	Maasailand (Tanzania, Kenya)	Samburu, Arusha, Kwavi	Traditional African religions
Macanese	Indo-European → Romance → Portuguese → Macanese Patois, Sino-Tibetan → Sinitic → Cantonese	China (Macau)		Christianity → Catholicism
Macedonians	Indo-European → Slavic → Macedonian	North Macedonia	Torbesh, Mijaks, Brsjaks, along with significant populations in Australia, Germany, Italy, Switzerland and Greece	Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy
Macushi	Cariban → Macushi	Guyana (Rupununi), Brazil (Roraima)		Shamanism
Madi	Nilo-Saharan → Central Sudanic → Ma'di	Democratic Republic of the Congo, South Sudan, Uganda		Christianity
Madurese	Austronesian → Malayo-Polyesian → Madurese	Indonesia (Madura)^{[note 54]}	Boyanese	Islam → Sunni Islam → Shafi'i
Mafa	Afroasiatic → Chadic → Mafa	Cameroon		Christianity
Magahi	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Bihari → Magahi	India (Magadha)		Hinduism
Magars	Sino-Tibetan → Magar^{[note 55]}	Nepal	Ale, Gharti, Chantayal, Saru, Pun	Hinduism, Buddhism
Maguindanao	Austronesian → Philippine → Maguindanao	Philippines (Maguindanao)		Islam
Mahar	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Marathi	India (Maharashtra)		Buddhism → Navayana Buddhism
Maithils	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Bihari → Maithili	Mithila (India, Nepal)	Karan Kayastha, Brahmin, Chhetri, Vaisya	Hinduism
Makaa	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Makaa, Niger–Congo → Bantu → Byep	Cameroon (East Region, Centre Region)	South Makaa, North Makaa	Christianity, Traditional African religion
Makah	Wakashan → Southern Wakashan → Makah	United States (Washington)		Native American religion
Makassarese	Austronesian → South Sulawesi → Makassarese	Indonesia (South Sulawesi)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Makianese	West Papuan → North Halmahera → Moi, Austronesian → South Halmahera → Taba,	Indonesia (Makian)	Tabayama, Jitinee	Islam → Sunni Islam, Animism
Makonde	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Makonde	Tanzania, Mozambique (Mueda Plateau)	Machinga	Islam
Makua	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Makhuwa	Mozambique	Lomwe, Chuwabu, Moniga, Koti, Nathembo	Traditional African religions
Malagasy	Austronesian → Greater Barito → Malagasy	Madagascar, Comoros, Mayotte, Réunion, Mauritius	Merina, Sihanaka, Betsileo, Zafimaniry, Antaifasy, Antemoro, Antaisaka, Antambahoaka, Tandroy, Antankarana, Antanosy, Bara, Betsimisaraka, Bezanozano, Mahafaly, Makoa, Mikea, Sakalava, Tanala, Tsimihety, Vezo	Christianity, Malagasy religion
Malasar	Dravidian → Tamiloid → Malasar	India (Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu)		Hinduism
Malayalis^{[note 56]}	Dravidian → Malayalamoid → Malayalam	India (Kerala)	Ambalavasi, Dheevara, Nair, Paravar, Ezhava, Malabar Latin Catholics, Saint Thomas Christians along with significant populations in the Arab states of the Persian Gulf	Hinduism, Islam, Christianity
Malayarayans	Dravidian → Malayalamoid → Malaryan	India (Kerala, Tamil Nadu)		Hinduism
Malays	Austronesian → Malayic → Malaysian–Indonesian Malay, Brunei Malay, Jambi Malay, Pahang Malay, Terengganu Malay, Kelantan-Pattani Malay, Kedah Malay, Reman Malay; Francosign → ASLic → Malaysian Sign; Austronesian → Malay Creole → Sri Lanka Malay	Malay world (Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia, Brunei)	Kedahans, Pattani, Pahang, Pontianaks, Terengganuarians, Kelantanese, Perakians, Berau, Loloan Malays, Proto-Malay (including Orang Kuala, Jakun, Orang Rimba, Orang Seletar, and Temuan) Cape Malays, Cocos Malays, Bangka Malays, Thai Malays, Burmese Malays, Sri Lanka Malays, Bruneians	Islam → Sunni Islam
Maldivians	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Maldivian	Maldives, India (Minicoy)	Mahls	Islam → Sunni Islam
Maltese	Afroasiatic → Arabic → Maltese	Malta	Gozitans, with significant populations in Greece (including Corfu)	Christianity → Catholicism
Mambai	Austronesian → Timoric → Mambai	East Timor (Dili District)		Christianity → Catholicism
Mambila	Niger–Congo → Mambila	Mambilla Plateau (Nigeria, Cameroon)	Somyev	Traditional African religions
Manchus	Tungusic → Southern Tungusic → Manchu^{[note 57]}	Manchuria (China, Russia)	Significant populations in Taiwan	Shamanism
Mandaeans	Afroasiatic → Semitic → Mandaic	Southern Mesopotamia	Iraq, Iran	Mandaeism
Mandarese	Austronesian → South Sulawesi → Mandar	Indonesia (West Sulawesi)		Islam
Mandinka	Niger–Congo → Mande → Manding^{[note 2]}	Mali, The Gambia, Guinea, Senegal	Bolon	Islam
Mangalorean Catholics	Indo-European languages → Indo-Aryan → Konkani	India (Karnataka)		Christianity → Catholicism
Mangarevans	Austronesian → Polynesian → Mangareva	France (Gambier Islands)		Christianity
Manggarai	Austronesian → Sumba–Flores → Manggarai	Indonesia (Manggarai)		Christianity
Manjak	Niger–Congo → West Atlantic → Senegambian → Manjak	Guinea-Bissau, Senegal		Traditional African religions
Malabar Muslims	Dravidian → Malayalamoid → Malayalam → Arabi Malayalam	India (Kerala, Lakshadweep)	Mappilas, Thangals, Baramis, Themims, Pusalars, Ossans, Koyas, Kerala Gulf diaspora	Islam → Sunni Islam
Mannan	Dravidian → Tamiloid → Mannan	India (Idukki district)		Hinduism
Mansi	Uralic → Mansi^{[note 2]}	Russia (Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug)		Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy → Russian Orthodoxy, Shamanism → Bear worship
Manx	Indo-European → Celtic → Manx,^{[note 24]} Indo-European → Germanic → English → Manx English	Isle of Man (Crown Dependency)	Significant populations in the United States	Christianity → Protestantism
Māori	Austronesian → Polynesian → New Zealand Māori,^{[note 58]}	New Zealand	Māori Indians, with significant populations in the United Kingdom, Australia, and the United States	Christianity
Mapuche	Araucanian languages^{[note 2]}^{[note 59]}	Chile (Araucania), Argentina	Huilliche, Moluche, Pehuenche	Christianity, Mapuche religion
Maranao	Austronesian → Philippine → Maranao	Philippines (Lanao)		Islam
Marathi	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Marathi	India (Maharashtra)	Mahar, Maratha, Kunbi, Dhangar, Bhoi	Hinduism, Jainism
Mardijkers	Austronesian → Malayic → Malay → Betawian, Austronesian → Malayic → Malay → Indonesian, Indo-European → Romance → Portuguese	Indonesia (Jakarta)		Christianity
Maris	Uralic → Mari^{[note 2]}	Russia (Mari El)	Meadow Mari, Hill Mari, Northwestern Mari, Eastern Mari, Mountain Mari	Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy, Mari Native Religion
Maronites	Afroasiatic → Semitic → Lebanese Aramaic,^{[note 60]} Cypriot Arabic, Levantine Arabic	Levant, Cyprus	Significant populations in Syria, Lebanon, Cyprus and Israel along with the greater Lebanese diaspora	Christianity → Maronite Catholicism
Marquesas Islanders	Austronesian → Polynesian → Marquesan	France (Marquesas Islands)		Christianity
Marshallese	Austronesian → Micronesian → Marshallese	Marshall Islands		Christianity → Protestantism
Masa	Afroasiatic → Chadic → Masana	Cameroon, Chad		Christianity, Islam
Masalit	Nilo-Saharan → Masalit	Sudan, Chad		Islam → Sunni Islam
Matagi	Japonic → Japanese → Tohoku → Matagi	Japan (Ani, Shirakami-Sanchi)		Animism
Matawai	Indo-European → Germanic → English → Saramaccan	Suriname		Christianity → Moravian Church
Mauritian Creoles	Indo-European → Romance → French → Mauritian Creole	Mauritius		Christianity → Catholicism, Rastafari
Maya	Mayan;^{[note 2]} Mayan Sign	Guatemala, Belize, Mexico (Yucatan, Campeche, Quintana Roo, Tabasco, Chiapas)	Maya, Achi, Chuj, Chʼortiʼ, Itza, Kʼicheʼ, Qʼeqchiʼ, Tektitek, Huastecan, Mopan, Lacandon, Chontal, Akatek, Jakaltek, Qʼanjobʼal, Tzeltal, Mochoʼ, Tojolab'al, Mam, Ixil, Tzotzil, Poqomam, Yucatecan Maya, Motozintlecos, Awakatek, Kaqchikel, Sakapultek, Sipakapense, Uspantek, Chʼol, and Tzʼutujil	Christianity → Catholicism; Maya religion
Mayangna	Misumalpan → Sumo^{[note 2]}	Nicaragua (Mosquito Coast)	Panamahka, Tawahka, Ulwa	Christianity
Mayles	Indo-European → Germanic → English → American English	United States (West Virginia)		Christianity → Protestantism
Mayo	Uto-Aztecan → Cahitan → Mayo	Mexico (Sonora, Sinaloa)		Christianity → Catholicism, Native American religion
Mazahua	Oto-Manguean → Oto-Pamean → Mazahua	Mexico (State of Mexico)		Christianity → Catholicism
Mazandaranis	Indo-European → Iranic → Mazanderani	Iran (Mazandaran)		Islam → Shia Islam
Mazatec	Oto-Manguean → Popolocan → Mazatecan^{[note 2]}	Mexico (Oaxaca)	Ayautla	Christianity → Catholicism
Mbaka	Niger–Congo → Ubangian → Mbaka	Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo		Christianity → Catholicism
Mbugu	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Mbugu, Pare; Niger–Congo and Afroasiatic → Bantu and Cushitic → Maʼa	Tanzania (Usambara Mountains)		Christianity, Islam, Traditional African religion
Megleno-Romanians	Indo-European → Romance → Megleno-Romanian	Greece (Almopia)		Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy, Islam → Sunni Islam
Mehri	Afroasiatic → Eastern South Semetic → Mehri	Oman (Dhofar), Yemen (Al Mahrah Governorate, Socotra)		Islam
Meitei	Sino-Tibetan → Kuki-Chin–Naga → Meitei	India (Manipur)	Loi	Hinduism → Vaishnavism
Melanau	Austronesian → Melanau–Kajang → Melanau^{[note 2]}	Malaysia (Sarawak)		Islam
Mele-Fila	Austronesian → Polynesian → Mele-Fila	Vanuatu (Mele, Ifira)		Christianity
Melungeons	Indo-European → Germanic → English → Appalachian English	United States (Appalachia)	Carmel Indians	Christianity → Protestantism → Baptists
Mende	Niger–Congo → Mande → Mende	Sierra Leone (Southern and Eastern Provinces)		Islam
Mennonites	Indo-European → Slavic → Russian; Germanic → German, Dutch, English; Romance → Spanish	Europe, Americas	Russian Mennonites, Old Order Mennonites, Old Colony Mennonites, Amish Mennonites (including Beachy Amish (including Old Beachy Amish), Kauffman Amish Mennonites, Egli Amish, Stuckey Amish), with significant populations in Argentina, Belize, Bolivia, Colombia, El Salvador, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, and Uruguay	Christianity → Anabaptism → Mennonitism
Menominee	Indo-European → Germanic → English; Algic → Algonquian → Menominee	United States (Wisconsin (Menominee Indian Reservation))	Keshena, Legend Lake, Middle Village, Neopit, Zoar	Christianity → Catholicism, Big Drum, Native American Church
Métis	Indo-European and Algic → Romance and Algonquian → French and Plains Cree → Michif; Indo-European → Romance → French → Metis French; Indo-European → Germanic → English → Bungi	Canada (Canadian Prairies, British Columbia, Northwest Territories, Northwestern Ontario), United States (Michigan, Illinois, Ohio, Minnesota, North Dakota, Montana)	Anglo-Metis, Little Shell Métis	Christianity
Mi'kmaq	Algic → Algonquian → Mi'kmaq^{[note 25]}	Canada (Mi'kma'ki), United States (Maine)	Mi'kmaq Nation, Miawpukek	Christianity → Catholicism
Miami	Algic → Algonquian → Miami–Illinois → Miami proper	United States (Illinois)	Indiana Miami, Oklahoma Miami, Piankeshaw	Christianity, Native American religion
Miccosukee	Muskogean → Mikasuki	United States (Miccosukee Indian Reservation)		Christianity, Native American religion
Mien	Hmong–Mien → Mienic;^{[note 2]} Sino-Tibetan → Chinese → Badong Yao, Shaozhou Tuhua, Xiangnan Tuhua, Yeheni	China (Hunan, Guizhou), Vietnam	Iu Mien, Kim Mun, Dzao Min, Biao Min, Bunu, Lakkia, Biao Mon, San Diu	Yao folk religion
Mijikenda	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Mijikenda	Kenya (Coast Province)	Chonyi, Giriama, Digo, Segeju, Rabai	Christianity
Minahasan	Austronesian → Philippine → Minahasan;^{[note 2]} Austronesian → Malay Creole → Manado Malay	Indonesia (Minahasa Peninsula)	Tonsawang, Tontemboan, Tondano, Tombulu, Tonsea	Christianity → Protestantism
Minangkabau	Austronesian → Malayic → Minangkabau, → Negeri Sembilan Malay	Indonesia (Minangkabau Highlands), Malaysia (Negeri Sembilan)	Overseas Minangkabau	Islam → Sunni Islam
Misak	Barbacoan → Northern Barbacoan → Coconucan → Nam Trik	Colombia (Cauca)		Traditional religion, Christianity → Catholicism
Mising	Sino-Tibetan → Tani → Mising	India (Assam, Arunachal Pradesh)		Donyi-Polo, Ekasarana Dharma
Miskito	Misumalpan → Miskito; Germanic → English Creole → Miskito Coast Creole	Mosquito Coast (Nicaragua, Honduras)	Miskito Sambu	Christianity → Protestantism → Moravian Church
Mixe	Mixe–Zoque → Mixe^{[note 2]}	Mexico (Oaxaca)		Christianity → Catholicism
Mixtec	Oto-Manguean → Mixtecan → Mixtec	Mexico (La Mixteca)	Triqui, Cuicatecs, Amoltepec	Christianity → Catholicism
Moghols	Indo-European → Iranic → Dari; historically Mongolic → Moghol	Afghanistan	Nikudari	Islam → Sunni Islam
Mohawk	Iroquoian → Northern Iroquoian → Mohawk	Canada (Quebec, Ontario), United States (New York)		Animism, Christianity
Moken	Austronesian → Moken	Thailand, Myanmar (Mergui Archipelago, Surin Islands)		Buddhism
Mokshas	Uralic → Mordvinic → Moksha	Russia (Mordovia)		Christianity → Russian Orthodox, Protestantism → Lutheranism; Mokshas native religion
Moldovans	Indo-European → Romance → Romanian → Moldovan, Francosign → Austro-Hungarian Sign → Moldova Sign	Moldova	Significant populations in Romania, Ukraine, Russia, Italy and the United States	Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy → Romanian Orthodoxy
Mon	Austroasiatic → Mon	Myanmar (Mon State)		Buddhism → Theravada Buddhism
Monacans	Historically Siouan → Ohio Valley Siouan → Tutelo^{[note 61]}	United States (Virginia, West Virginia, Maryland, Ohio)		Christianity
Mongo	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Mongo	Democratic Republic of the Congo (Equateur, Tshuapa, Mongala, Nord-Ubangi, Sud-Ubangi)	Bolia, Ntomba, Ngando, Iyaelima, Mbole, Mpama, Nkutu, Sengele, Hendo, Dengese, Tetela	Christianity
Mongols	Mongolic languages;^{[note 2]} Francosign → Austro-Hungarian Sign → Mongolian Sign; historically Turkic → Karluk → Uyghur → Khoton	China (Inner Mongolia, Dorbetia, Bayingolin, Dzungaria, Subei-Mongolia, Santania, Kharchinia), Mongolia	Khalkha (including Khotogoids, Eljigin), Oirats (including Manchurian Öelets,^[46] Dörbets, Zakhchins, Bayads, Olots, Altai Uriankhais), Hamnigan, Tsagaan, Khatso, Bonan, Sichuan Mongols, Sogwo Arig, Ordos, Darkhad, Kanja, Sogwo Arig, Mughals, Santa, Naimans, Dariganga, Khorchin, Kharchin, Koke Nuur, Chaharian, Jalairs, Gorlos, Sartuul, Myangad, Tubalar, Uzemchin, Uradian, Tumed, Baarins, Hishigten, Muumyangan, Jalaids, Abaganar, Chantuu, Olot, Sunud, Shar Darkhads, Eastern Dorbet, Aohans, Onnigud, Khoshut, Abagas, Khotons, Alasha, Khoid, Choros, Qaidam, Fujin, with significant populations in India, the Czech Republic, the United States, South Korea, Japan, Taiwan, the United Kingdom, Canada	Buddhism → Tibetan Buddhism, Tengrism
Mongondow	Austronesian → Philippine → Mongondow	Indonesia (Mongondowia)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Montenegrins	Indo-European → Slavic → Shtokavian → Montenegrin	Montenegro and surrounding regions	Montenegrin tribes, with significant populations in Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Slovenia, Kosovo, Albania, North Macedonia, Germany, Luxembourg, Argentina, the United States, Australia,	Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy
Moravians	Indo-European → Slavic → Czech → Moravian	Czech Republic (Moravia)	Moravian Vlachs, Moravian Slovaks	Christianity → Catholicism
Moriori	Austronesian → Polynesian → Moriori,^{[note 62]} Indo-European → Germanic → English^[47]	New Zealand (Chatham Islands)		Christianity including Rātana
Morlachs	Indo-European → Slavic → Shtokavian, Chakavian; historically Romance → Eastern Romance	Croatia		Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy, Catholicism
Mormons^[48]	Indo-European → Germanic → English	United States (Mountain States)		Christianity → Mormonism
Moru	Nilo-Saharan → Central Sudanic → Moru	South Sudan (Western Equatoria)	Miza; Ägyi; Moroändri; Kediro, 'Bari'ba^[49]	Christianity → Protestantism → Anglicanism → Episcopal Church of the South Sudan^[50]
Mossi	Niger–Congo → Gur → Mossi	Burkina Faso (Mossiland)		Islam
Mosuo	Sino-Tibetan → Naish → Na	China (Sichuan and Yunnan)		Daba, Buddhism → Tibetan Buddhism
Motu	Austronesian → Papuan Tip → Motu	Papua New Guinea (Central Province)		Christianity, Shamanism
Mudburra	Pama–Nyungan → Ngumpin–Yapa → Mudburra	Australia (Northern Territory)		Alcheringa
Mughals	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Hindustani; historically Indo-European → Iranic → Persian	India, Pakistan, Bangladesh		Islam
Muhajir	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Urdu	Pakistan		Islam → Sunni Islam
Muiscas	Chibchan → Chibcha	Colombia (Altiplano Cundiboyacense)		Muisca religion, Christianity → Catholicism
Mumuye	Niger–Congo → Adamawa → Mumuye	Nigeria (Taraba State)		Traditional African religions
Munanese	Austronesian → Celebic → Munanese^{[note 2]}	Indonesia (Muna)		Islam
Mundas	Austroasiatic → Munda → Mundari	India (Jharkhand, Odisha, West Bengal)	Sabar, Mahali	Sarnaism
Murut	Austronesian → Southwest Sabahan → Murutic^{[note 2]}	Malaysia (Murutia)	Okolod, Keningau, Tagal, Paluan, Selungai, Timugon, Serudung, Sembakung, Tidong, Kalabakan, Bulungan, Bookan	Christianity → Catholicism
Muscogee	Muskogean → Muscogee,^{[note 8]} Muskogean → Eastern Muskogean → Mikasuki	United States (Alabama, Tennessee, Georgia)^{[note 9]}	Thlopthlocco, Kialegee, Muscogee Nation, Poarch Band, Lower Muskogee Creek Tribe, Creek Freedmen	Native American religion → Creek mythology, Four Mothers Society
Musgum	Afroasiatic → Chadic → Musgu	Cameroon (Far North Region), Chad (Chari-Baguirmi, Mayo-Kebbi Est)		Islam
Muslimani	Indo-European → Slavic → Serbo-Croatian^{[note 2]}^{[note 63]}	Serbia, Montenegro, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Slovenia, North Macedonia		Islam
Muthuvans	Dravidian → Tamiloid → Muthuvan	India (Kerala, Tamil Nadu)		Hinduism
Mwera	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Mwera	Tanzania (Mtwara and Ruvuma Regions)		Islam
Nagas	Sino-Tibetan → Tibeto-Burman → Kuki-Chin–Naga;^{[note 2]}^{[note 64]} historically Angami Naga Sign	India (Nagaland, Manipur, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam), Myanmar (Naga Self-Administered Zone)	Angami, Ao, Chakhesang (including Chokri and Khezha), Chang, Khiamniungan, Konyak, Lotha, Mao, Maram, Maring, Nocte, Phom, Pochury, Poumai, Rengma, Sangtam, Sumi, Tangkhul, Tangsa, Tikhir, Wancho, Yimkhiung, Zeliangrong (Zemi, Liangmei, Rongmei/Kabui), Lamkang Naga	Christianity → Protestantism → Baptism
Nagpuri	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Bihari → Sadri	India (Chota Nagpur Plateau)	Chik Baraik	Hinduism
Nahuas	Uto-Aztecan → Nahuan → Nahuatl	Mexico	Huasteca Nahuas, Mexicaneros, Sierra Puebla Nahuas, Guerrero Nahuas, Orizaba Nahuas, Southeastern Puebla Nahuas, Central Nahuas, Pipil	Christianity → Catholicism, Aztec religion
Nakoda	Siouan → Western Siouan → Stoney	Canada (Alberta, Saskatchewan)	Wood Stoney, Mountain Stoney	Christianity
Nama	Khoe → Khoekhoe	Namibia (Namaland), South Africa	Oorlams	Christianity
Nanai	Tungusic → Nanai, Tungusic → Kili	Russia, China		Shamanism, Buddhism → Tibetan Buddhism
Naso	Chibchan → Talamanca → Teribe	Panama (Bocas del Toro)		Native American religion
Natchez	Natchez language^{[note 8]}	United States (Oklahoma, South Carolina)	Eastern Band	Christianity, Native American religion
Nauruans	Austronesian → Micronesian → Nauruan	Nauru		Christianity → Protestantism
Navajo	Na-Dene → Apachean → Navajo; Navajo Family Sign^{[note 8]}	United States (Dinétah)		Christianity → Catholicism, Native American Church
Ndendeule	Niger-Congo languages → Bantu languages → Ndendeule	Tanzania		Animism
Negidals	Tungusic → Northern Tungusic → Negidal	Russia (Khabarovsk Krai), Ukraine		Shamanism
Nenets	Uralic → Samoyedic → Nenets^{[note 2]}	Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug	Forest Nenets, Tundra Nenets	Shamanism, Animism
Newars	Sino-Tibetan → Newar	Nepal (Kathmandu Valley)	Rajupadhaya, Rajbhandari, Pradhan, Malla, Shrestha, Shakya, Chitrakar	Hinduism, Buddhism → Vajrayana → Newar Buddhism
Nez Perce	Plateau Penutian → Sahaptian → Nez Perce,^{[note 8]} Indo-European → Germanic → English	United States (Idaho, Washington)		Waashat Religion, Christianity
Ngabe	Chibchan → Guaymi	Panama (Ngabe-Bugle Comarca)		Christianity → Catholicism
Ngaju	Austronesian → Barito → Ngaju	Indonesia (Central Kalimantan)	Bakumpai, Meratus	Kaharingan
Ngalop	Sino-Tibetan → Tibetic → Dzongkha	Bhutan	Kheng, Bumthang	Buddhism → Tibetan Buddhism, Bon
Nganasans	Uralic → Samoyedic → Nganasan; historically Indo-European → Slavic → Russian → Taimyr Pidgin Russian	Russia (Taymyr Autonomous Okrug)		Animism, Shamanism, Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy
Ngarinyin	Worrorran → Ngarinyin	Australia (Western Australia)		Dreamtime
Ngbandi	Niger–Congo → Ubangian → Ngbandi	Democratic Republic of the Congo, Central African Republic	Yakoma	Christianity
Ngoni	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Ngoni	Malawi, Mozambique, Tanzania, Zimbabwe, and Zambia		Christianity, African Traditional Religion, Sangoma, Islam
Ni-Vanuatu	Indo-European → English Creole → Bislama; over 100 Oceanic languages	Vanuatu		Christianity, Animism
Nias	Austronesian → Northwest Sumatra–Barrier Islands → Nias	Indonesia (Nias)		Christianity
Nicobarese	Austroasiatic → Nicobarese	India (Nicobar Islands)		Christianity, Animism
Nipmucs	Historically Algic → Algonquian → Loup A, Massachusett	United States (Chaubunagungamaug Reservation, Hassanamisco Reservation)	Chaubunagungamaug Nipmuck, Hassanamisco Nipmuc, Nipmuc Nation	Manito, Christianity
Nisga'a	Tsimshianic → Nass–Gitksan → Nisga'a	Canada (British Columbia)		Native American religion
Niueans	Austronesian → Malayo-Polyesian → Polynesian → Niuean	New Zealand (Niue)		Christianity → Protestantism → Calvinism
Nivkhs	Nivkh languages^{[note 2]}	Russia (Khabarovsk Krai, Sakhalin Oblast)		Shamanism
Nkole	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Nkore-Kiga → Nkore	Uganda (Ankole)		Christianity, Ruhanga
Nogais	Turkic → Kipchak → Nogai	Russia (North Caucasus)	Ak Nogai, Karagash	Islam → Sunni Islam
Nooksack	Salishan → Coast Salish → Nooksack	United States (Washington)		Native American religion, Christianity
Noongar	Pama-Nyungan → Nyungic → Noongar	Australia (Western Australia)	Amangu, Ballardong, Yued, Kaneang, Koreng, Mineng, Njakinjaki, Njunga, Pibelmen, Pindjarup, Wadandi, Whadjuk, Wiilman, Wudjari	Alcheringa
Norfolk Islanders	Indo-European → Germanic → English, Indo-European → Germanic → English Creole → Pitcairn–Norfolk → Norfuk	Australia (Norfolk Island)		Irreligion, Christianity → Protestantism → Anglicanism^[51]
Norwegians	Indo-European → Germanic → Norwegian; Indo-European → Germanic → Dano-Norwegian → Urban East Norwegian, Bokmål, Riksmål; Francosign → DTSic → Norwegian Sign	Norway	Kola Norwegians, Svalbarders, along with Significant populations in the United States, and Norwegian Canadians	Christianity → Protestantism → Lutheranism
Nubians	Nilo-Saharan → Nubian^{[note 2]}	Nubia (Egypt, Sudan)	Nobiin, Mattokki, Dongolawi, Midob, Birgid, Hill Nubians (including Dilling, Debri, Ghulfan, Kadaru, Karko, and Wali)	Islam → Sunni Islam
Nubis	Afroasiatic → Arabic creoles → Nubi	Uganda, Kenya	Ugandan Nubis, Kenyan Nubis	Islam
Nuer	Nilo-Saharan → Nilotic → Nuer	South Sudan (Nuerland)		Traditional African religions
Nugurians	Austronesian → Polynesian → Nuguria	Papua New Guinea (Nuguria)		Christianity
Nukumanu	Austronesian → Polynesian → Nukumanu	Papua New Guinea (Nukumanu)		Christianity
Nukuorans	Austronesian → Polynesian → Nukuoro	Federated States of Micronesia (Nukuoro)		Christianity
NunatuKavummiut	Indo-European → Germanic → English → Newfoundland English	Canada (NunatuKavut)		Christianity → Protestantism → Evangelicalism; Animism
Nùng	Kra–Dai → Tai → Nùng	Vietnam, China (Guangxi)		Moism
Nuristanis	Indo-European → Indo-Iranian → Nuristani^{[note 2]}	Afghanistan (Nuristan)	Safed-Posh Kaffirs (including Askunis), Kamkata-viris (including Kata and Kom)	Islam → Sunni Islam
Nuu-chah-nulth	Wakashan → Southern Wakashan → Nuu-chah-nulth	Canada (British Columbia)		Native American religion
Nuxalk	Salishan → Nuxalk	Canada (British Columbia)		Native American religion
Nyambo	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Nyambo	Tanzania (Karagwe District, Kagera Region)		Christianity → Protestantism → Evangelicalism
Nyishi	Sino-Tibetan → Tani → Nishi	India (Arunachal Pradesh)		Christianity
O'odham	Uto-Aztecan → Piman → O'odham	Mexico (Sonora), United States (Arizona)	Akimel O'odham, Tohono O'odham, Hia C-eḍ O'odham	Christianity → Catholicism, Native American religion
Ōbeikei Islanders	Indo-European → English Creole → Bonin English	Japan (Bonin Islands)		Christianity, Buddhism, Shinto
Occitans	Indo-European → Romance → Occitan,^{[note 19]} Gardiol	Occitania (France, Italy, Spain, Monaco^{[note 65]})	Aranese, Auvergnats, Provencals, Languedociens, Gascons, Nicois, Guardiota, Monegasques	Christianity
Odawa	Algic → Algonquian → Ottawa^{[note 66]}	Canada (Ontario), United States (Oklahoma, Michigan)		Midewiwin, Animism, Traditional religion, Christianity^[54]
Odia	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Odia	India (Odisha)	Utkala Brahmins, Khandayat, Bonaz, Badu; Bairagi (Oriya); Barika; Chaikwa; Chatarkheya; Dhobi, Oriya; Ganrar; Ghantarghada; Girigiria; Gond (Oriya); Haddi; Jhodia; Kobari; Koraga; Kuliya; Lohar, Oriya; Mali, Oriya; Malia; Panka (Oriya); Paroja; Patra; Radhi; Sannyasi; Teli, Oriya; Thanapati; Thoria	Hinduism
Ogiek	Nilo-Saharan → Nilotic → Ogiek	Kenya (Mau Forest, Mount Elgon)		Christianity, Traditional Ogiek religion^[55]
Ogoni	Niger–Congo → Cross River → Ogoni^{[note 2]}	Nigeria (Ogoniland)	Baan, Eleme, Gokana, Tẹẹ	Christianity
Ogu	Niger–Congo → Kwa → Gbe → Gun	Nigeria (Lagos, Ogun State), Benin		Christianity, Islam, West African Vodun^[56]
Oji-Cree	Algic → Algonquian → Oji-Cree	Canada (Ontario, Manitoba)		Anishinaabe traditional beliefs, Christianity^[57]
Ojibwe	Algic → Algonquian → Ojibwe^{[note 2]}^{[note 66]}	Anishinaabeland (Canada, United States)	Mississaugas, Saulteaux, Findians	Midewiwin
Okies	Indo-European → Germanic → English → Oklahoman English	United States (Oklahoma, California)		Christianity → Protestantism → Southern Baptist
Oku	Indo-European → English Creole → Krio; Indo-European → Germanic → English	Sierra Leone, The Gambia		Islam
Omaha	Siouan → Western Siouan → Dhegihan → Omaha-Ponca	United States (Nebraska, Iowa)		Christianity, Native American religion
Oneida	Iroquoian → Northern Iroquoian → Oneida^{[note 66]}	Canada (Ontario), United States (New York, Wisconsin)		Longhouse Religion
Onge	Ongan → Onge	India (Little Andaman Island)		Animism
Onondaga	Iroquoian → Northern Iroquoian → Onondaga	Canada (Ontario), United States (New York)		Longhouse Religion, Kanoh'hon'io, Kahni'kwi'io, Christianity^[58]
Orang Laut	Austronesian → Malayic^{[note 2]}	Malaysia (Malay Peninsula), Indonesia (Riau Archipelago), Singapore^{[note 30]}	Loncong, Orang Seletar	Animism, Folk religion, Islam → Sunnism
Orcadians	Indo-European → Germanic → Scots → Orcadian; Indo-European → Germanic → English → Scottish English; BANZSL → British Sign; historically Indo-European → Germanic → Norn	United Kingdom (Orkney)		Christianity → Protestantism → Presbyterianism^[59]
Ormurs	Indo-European → Iranic → Ormuri	Afghanistan (Logar Province), Pakistan (South Waziristan)		Islam
Orochs	Tungusic → Udegheic → Oroch	Russia (Khabarovsk Krai, Magadan Oblast, Sakhalin Oblast, Primorsky Krai)		Shamanism, Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy^[60]
Oroks^{[note 67]}	Tungusic → Nanaic → Orok	Russia (Sakhalin Oblast), Japan	Karafuto Oroks^{[note 68]}	Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy → Russian Orthodoxy, Shamanism
Oromo	Afroasiatic → Cushitic → Oromo^{[note 2]}	Ethiopia (Oromia), Kenya	Boorana, Barento, Salale, Machaa, Arsi, Wollo	Islam → Sunni Islam
Oroqens	Tungusic → Northern Tungusic → Oroqen	China (Heilongjiang, Inner Mongolia)		Shamanism, Buddhism → Tibetan Buddhism^[61]
Osage	Siouan → Western Siouan → Dhegihan → Osage; Indo-European → Germanic → English; Indo-European → Romance → French^[62]	United States (Missouri, Oklahoma, Arkansas, Kansas)		Christianity, Inlonshka, Traditional Spirituality^[63]
Ossetians	Indo-European → Iranic → Ossetian^{[note 2]}	Ossetia (Russia, Georgia)	Iron, Digor, Kudar, Trialeti Ossetians	Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy
Ot Danum	Austronesian → Greater Barito → Ot Danum	Indonesia (West and Central Kalimantan)	Lawangan, Ma'anyan	Kaharingan
Otomi	Oto-Manguean → Otomian → Otomi	Mexico (Hidalgo, Puebla, Veracruz, State of Mexico, Queretaro)		Christianity → Catholicism
Ouvéans	Austronesian → Polynesian → West Uvean	France (New Caledonia (Ouvéa))		Christianity
Ovambo	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Ovambo	Namibia (Ovamboland), Angola		Christianity → Protestantism → Lutheranism
Ovimbundu	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Umbundu	Angola		Christianity
Pākehā	Indo-European → Germanic →English → New Zealand English	New Zealand		Irreligion, Christianity
Palau	Austronesian → Malayo-Polynesian → Palauan; Indo-European → Germanic → English → Palauan English	Palau		Christianity, Modekngei
Palawa	Indo-European → Germanic → English; Palawa kani; historically Tasmanian languages^{[note 2]}^{[note 69]}	Australia (Tasmania)		Alcheringa
Palembangese	Austronesian → Malayic → Palembang	Indonesia (South Sumatra)		Islam → Sunni Islam^[64]
Palula	Indo-European → Dardic → Palula	Pakistan (Chitral District)	Ashreti, Biori	Islam → Sunni Islam^[65]
Pamiris	Indo-European → Iranic → Pamir^{[note 2]}	Pamir Mountains (Tajikistan, Afghanistan, China)	Shughni, Sarikoli (including Tajiks of Xinjiang), Yazghulami, Munji, Yidgha, Sanglechi, Ishkashimi	Islam → Shia Islam → Isma'ilism
Pangasinese	Austronesian → Philippine → Pangasinan	Philippines (Pangasinan)		Christianity → Catholicism
Papel	Niger–Congo → Atlantic → Senegambian → Papel	Guinea-Bissau (Biombo Region)		Christianity → Catholicism
Parachis	Indo-European → Iranic → Parachi	Afghanistan (Nijrab District, Kabul)		Islam
Paramaccan	Indo-European → Germanic → English → Ndyuka	Suriname (Pamacca)		Winti
Pardo	Indo-European → Romance → Portuguese	Brazil		Christianity → Catholicism
Pare	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Pare	Tanzania (Pare Mountains)		Islam
Parsis	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Gujaratic → Gujarati	Indian subcontinent (India, Pakistan)		Zoroastrianism
Pashayi	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Dardic → Pashayi^{[note 2]}	Afghanistan (Laghman, Kapisa and Nangarhar Provinces)		Islam → Sunni Islam, Shia Islam → Isma'ilism → Nizari Isma'ilism
Pashtuns	Indo-European → Iranic → Pashto^{[note 2]}	Pashtunistan (Afghanistan, Pakistan), Iran (Khorasan, Mazandaran), India	Kakar, Ghilji (including Lodi (including Niazi, Hotak (including Babai), and Lohani (including Marwat))), Popalzai (including Sudhan), Punjabi Pathans (including Malerkotla Pathans and Multani Pathans), Tareen, Bettani (including Shirani), Afridi, Sarbani, Bangash, Karlani, Rohilla, and other Pashtun tribes, with significant populations in the United States, India, Kashmir, Sri Lanka	Islam → Sunni Islam → Hanafi; Sikhism
Pataxó	Macro-Jê → Maxakalian → Pataxó	Brazil (Bahia)		Shamanism
Pawnee	Caddoan → Pawnee-Kitsai → Pawnee-Arikara → Pawnee	United States (Oklahoma, formerly Kansas and Nebraska)		Christianity, Native American Church
Pedi	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Northern Sotho → Sepedi	South Africa (Limpopo)		Christianity
Pende	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Pende	Democratic Republic of the Congo		Christianity
Pennsylvania Dutch	Indo-European → Germanic → Pennsylvania Dutch; Indo-European → Germanic → English → Pennsylvania Dutch English	United States (Pennsylvania)	Schwenkfelders, River Brethren (including Yorker Brethren)	Christianity → Protestantism
Persians	Indo-European → Iranic → Persian, Achomi	Iran (Fars)	Arab-Persians, Achomi, Sistanis (including Khorasani Sistanis and Golestani Sistanis), Dezfulis, Shushtaris, along with significant populations in the United States, the United Arab Emirates, Canada, Germany, the United Kingdom, Bahrain, Australia, and Sweden	Islam → Shia Islam → Twelver Shi'ism, Islam → Sufism → Ni'matullāhī, Safaviyya, Zoroastrianism, Baháʼí
Piapoco	Arawakan → Upper Amazon Arawakan → Piapoco	Colombia (Meta), Venezuela		Traditional religion, Christianity → Catholicism
Pied-Noir	Indo-European → Romance → French	Algeria		Christianity
Pileni	Austronesian → Polynesian → Vaeakau-Taumako	Solomon Islands (Reef Islands)		Christianity
Pitcairn Islanders	Indo-European → Germanic → English, Indo-European → Germanic → English Creole → Pitcairn-Norfolk → Pitkern	British Overseas Territories (Pitcairn Islands)	Significant population in Norfolk Island, along with a diaspora in Australia, and New Zealand^[66]	Christianity → Protestantism → Seventh-day Adventism
Pitjantjara	Pama-Nyungan → Wati → Pitjantjara	Australia (Central Australia)		Alcheringa
Podlashuks	Indo-European → Slavic → Ukrainian or Belarusian → Podlachian	Poland (Podlachia)		Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy, Christianity → Catholicism
Pohnpeians	Austronesian → Micronesian → Pohnpeian	Federated States of Micronesia (Pohnpei)		Christianity
Poles	Indo-European → Slavic → Polish, Belarusian → Simple speech; Polish Sign Language	Poland, Czech Republic (Trans-Olza), Kresy and surrounding regions	Masovians (including Bambers, Kurpies, Łowiczans, Masurians, Międzyrzec Boyars, Poborzans, Podlachians), Greater Polish (including Kaliszans, Kuyavians (including Kuyavian Borowiaks), and Taśtaks), Lesser Polish (including Cracovians, Lasovians, Lublinians, Sącz Lachs, and Sandomierzans), Kociewians, Łęczycans, Polish Uplanders, Sieradzans, Borderlands Poles (including Bug River Poles), Tuchola Borowians, Kocievians, Dolinians, and Warmians, as well as Significant populations in the United States, Brazil, Germany, Canada, Iceland, Sweden, France, Armenia, the Czech Republic, the United Kingdom, Argentina, Belarus, Russia, Azerbaijan, Australia, Lithuania, Ukraine, Ireland, and Norway	Christianity → Catholicism
Poleshuks	Indo-European → Slavic → Belarusian or Ukrainian → West Polesian	Polesia (Belarus, Poland, Russia, Ukraine)		Christianity
Ponca	Siouan → Western Siouan → Dhegihan → Omaha-Ponca	United States (Nebraska, Oklahoma)		Christianity, Native American Church
Portuguese	Indo-European → Romance → European Portuguese	Portugal	Alentejans, Algarveans, Azoreans, Barranquenhos,^[67] Beiroes, Madeirans, Mindericos, Minhotos, Olivenzans, Ribatejanos, Transmontanos	Catholic
Potawatomi	Algic → Algonquian → Potawatomi	Canada (Ontario, United States (Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Michigan, Oklahoma, Wisconsin)		Midewiwin, Christianity → Catholicism; Protestantism → Methodism^[68]
Potiguara	Tupian → Potiguara' Indo-European → Romance → Portuguese	Brazil (Paraíba)		Shamanism
Powhatans	Indo-European → Germanic → English; historically Algic → Algonquian → Virginia Algonquian	United States (Tsenacommacah)		Christianity, Native American religion^[69]
Punjabi Mexican Americans	Indo-European → Germanic → English → American English	United States (California)		Hinduism, Sikhism, Islam, Christianity
Punjabis	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Punjabic^{[note 2]}	Punjab (Pakistan, India)	Arain, Awan, Gujjars, Jat, Bhatti, Khatris, Punjabi Rajputs, Sikhs, Chibhālīs,^[70] along with significant populations in the United Kingdom, Canada, and the United States	Islam → Sunnism; Hinduism; Sikhism; Ravidassia
Purepecha	Purépechan languages^{[note 2]}	Mexico (Michoacan)		Christianity → Catholicism
Qarai	Indo-European → Iranic → Persian, Balochi	Iran (Kerman province)		Islam → Shi'ism
Qaratays	Turkic → Kipchak → Tatar → Qataray	Russia (Kamsko-Ustyinsky District)		Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy → Russian Orthodoxy; Protestantism → Baptism
Qashqai	Turkic → Oghuz → Qashqai	Iran (Fars province)		Islam → Shi'ism
Qiang	Sino-Tibetan → Qiangic^{[note 2]}	China (Ngawa Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture)		Qiang folk religion
Quapaw	Siouan → Western Siouan → Dhegihan → Quapaw	United States (Oklahoma, formerly Arkansas)		Christianity, Native American religion, Native American Church
Quechan	Yuman → Quechan	United States (Arizona, California)		Native American religion, Christianity
Quechua	Quechuan^{[note 2]}	Peru, Bolivia, Ecuador, Colombia, Argentina	Ayacucho, Cajamarca–Canaris, Central, Chachapoyas, Cusco, Inga, Huanca, Kichwa, Lamas, North Bolivian, Pacaraos, Puno, Santiagueno, South Bolivian	Christianity → Catholicism, Inca religion
Quileute	Chimakuan → Quileute	United States (Washington)		Native American religion
Qulla	Quechuan → Quechua II → Southern Quechua	Qullaw (Argentina, Bolivia, Chile)		Christianity → Catholicism
Rabari	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Gujarati, Sindhi → Kutchi	India (Kutch)		Hinduism
Rade	Austronesian → Chamic → Rade	Central Highlands, Vietnam		Christianity
Rajasthanis	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Rajasthani^{[note 2]}	India (Rajasthan)	Charan, Kachhi, Marwari, Meena, Rajputs (including Chandels, Mahyavanshi, and Molesalam)	Hinduism, Jainism, Sikhism
Rajbanshi	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Kamtapuri	India (Assam, West Bengal), Bangladesh		Hinduism
Rakhine	Sino-Tibetan → Burmese → Arakanese	Myanmar (Rakhine State)	Marma	Buddhism → Theravada Buddhism
Rama	Chibchan → Rama; Germanic → English Creole → Miskito Coast Creole → Rama Cay Creole	Nicaragua (Rama Cay)		Christianity → Protestantism → Moravian Church
Ramkokamekra	Macro-Je → Je → Canela	Brazil (Northeast Region)		Animism
Ranquel	Araucanian → Mapudungun → Ranquel	Argentina (La Pampa Province)		Native American religion^[71]
Rapa Iti	Austronesian → Polynesian → Rapa	France (Rapa Iti)		Christianity
Rapa Nui	Austronesian → Polynesian → Rapa Nui	Chile (Easter Island)		Christianity → Catholicism
Redbones	Indo-European → Germanic → English → American English	United States (Louisiana)		Christianity
Reisende	Indo-European → Germanic → Norwegian	Norway		Christianity
Rejangese	Austronesian → Malayo-Polynesian → Rejang	Indonesia (Rejang Lebong Regency)		Islam → Sunnism
Relli	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Reli, Hindi	India (Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Odisha, West Bengal)		Hinduism
Rendille	Afroasiatic → Cushitic → Rendille	Kenya (Eastern Province)		Waaq
Rennellese	Austronesian → Polynesian → Rennellese	Solomon Islands (Rennell and Bellona)		Christianity
Resians	Indo-European → Slavic → Slovene → Resian	Italy (Resia)		Christianity → Catholicism
Rhodesians	Indo-European → Germanic → English → Zimbabwean English	Zimbabwe	Significant populations in the United Kingdom	Christianity
Rifians	Afroasiatic → Berber → Tarifit	Morocco		Islam → Sunnism
Rohingyas	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Rohingya	Myanmar (Rakhine State)		Islam
Roma	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Romani,^{[note 2]} Para-Romani;^{[note 2]}^{[note 70]} Indo-European → Romance → Romanian → Boyash	Europe, Turkey, Cyprus, Caucasus^{[note 30]}	Kalderash, Iberian Cales (including Spanish Cales, Portuguese Cales, Brazilian Cales), Erromintxela, Finnish Kale, Welsh Kale, Vlax Roma, Romanichal (including Scottish Romanichal Travellers), Lowland Scottish Travellers, Burgenland Roma, Sinti (including Manouches), Belaruska Roma, Litovska Roma, Lotfitka Roma, Ruska Roma, Crimean Roma (including Urmacheli, Krimurja, Tayfa), Gurbeti, Xoraxane Roma (including Turkish Roma, Zargari, and Arlije), Romanisal, Bergitka Roma, Polska Roma, Cascarots, Ursari, Balshade, Romanlar (including Turkish Roma, Sepetçi, Ayjides, Yerli, and Çerge), Wallachian Roma, Servitka Roma, Lovari, Boyash, along with significant populations in Albania, Algeria, Australia, Austria, Belarus, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada, Colombia, Croatia, the Czech Republic, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Kosovo, Mexico, Montenegro, Morocco, the Netherlands, North Macedonia, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Turkey, Ukraine, the United Kingdom, the United States (including Balshade, Afro-Roma), and Uruguay	Christianity, Islam
Romands	Indo-European → Romance → Franco-Provencal, Frainc-Comtou, French → Swiss French	Switzerland (Romandy)		Christianity → Catholicism, Protestantism → Calvinism
Romanians	Indo-European → Romance → Romanian	Romania, Moldova	Northern Dobrujans, Transylvanians, Wallachians (including Oltenians and Muntenians), Moldavians, Southern Bukovinians, along with significant populations in France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Ukraine, the United Kingdom, and the United States	Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy
Romansh	Indo-European → Romance → Romansh	Switzerland (Grisons)		Christianity
Rotenese	Austronesian → Timoric → Rotenese^{[note 2]}	Indonesia (Rote Island)	Dela, Oenale	Christianity
Rotumans	Austronesian → Central Pacific → Rotuman	Fiji (Rotuma)		Christianity → Protestantism → Seventh-day Adventism, Methodism; Catholicism^[72]
Russians	Indo-European → Slavic → Russian; Francosign → Russian Sign	Russia, Ukraine (Sumy Oblast), and surrounding regions	Caucasus Russians, Siberians, Cossacks (including Kuban Cossacks and Nekrasov Cossacks), Pomors, Subbotniks, Old Believers (including Kamenschiks, Lipovans, Semeiskie), Karyms, Gurans, Doukhobors, Alaskan Russians (including Alaskan Creoles, Alaskan Old Believers), Goryuns, Kamchadals, Molokans (including Subbotnik Molokans), Polekhs, Starozhily, along with significant populations in Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, Belarus, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, China (including Hong Kong), Estonia, France, Germany, Israel, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Taiwan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Armenia (including Molokans), the United States, Uzbekistan	Christianity → Spiritual Christianity, Eastern Orthodoxy → Russian Orthodoxy, Old Believerism and Old Ritualism; Christianity and Animism → Eastern Orthodoxy and Animism → Pomor Christianity
Rusyns	Indo-European → Slavic → Carpathian Rusyn, Pannonian Rusyn	Transcarpathia (Ukraine, Slovakia, Poland),^{[note 71]} Pannonian Plain (Croatia, Serbia), Romania (Bukovina, Maramureș), Lemkovyna (	Pannonian Rusyns, Lemkos, Hutsuls, Boykos, Dolinians, Zamieszańcy, with significant populations in the United States and Romania	Christianity → Eastern Catholicism
Rutuls	Northeast Caucasian → Lezgic → Rutul	Russia (Dagestan), Azerbaijan		Islam → Sunni Islam
Ryukyuans	Japonic → Ryukyuan;^{[note 2]}^{[note 72]} Japonic → Japanese → Okinawan Japanese, Amami Japanese; JSLic → Japanese Sign; Koniya Sign Language	Japan (Ryukyu Islands)	Amami (including Kikai, Amami Ōshima (including Setouchi), Tokunoshima, Okinoerabu, and Yoron), Okinawans (including Kunigami) Miyakoans, Tarama, Yaeyama, Yonaguni, with significant populations in Bolivia, Brazil, and the United States (including Hawaii)	Irreligion; Ryukyuan religion; Christianity → Catholicism → Ryukyuan Catholicism
Saho	Afroasiatic → Cushitic → Saho	Eritrea, Ethiopia		Islam → Sunnism
Sahrawis	Afroasiatic → Arabic → Hassaniya Arabic	Western Sahara	Reguibat, Oulad Delim, Oulad Tidrarin, Laaroussien, Tekna, Tajakant, Aït Oussa	Islam → Sunnism
Saint Helenians	Indo-European → Germanic → English	Saint Helena		Christianity → Anglicanism
Saint Thomas Christians	Dravidian → Malayalamoid → Malayalam	India (Kerala)	Northists, Knanayas	Christianity → Saint Thomas Christianity
Sakizaya	Austronesian → East Formosan → Sakizaya	Hualien County (Taiwan)		Animism, Christianity
Salar	Turkic → Oghuz → Salar	China (Qinghai, Gansu)		Islam → Sunnism
Salinan	Hokan → Salinan	United States (California)		Native American religion
Sama–Bajau	Austronesian → Barito → Sama–Bajaw^{[note 2]}	Maritime Southeast Asia (Philippines, Malaysia, Indonesia, Brunei)^{[note 30]}	Sama (including Banguingui), Bajaw, Abaknon	Islam → Sunnism
Samaritans	Afroasiatic → Canaanite → Hebrew → Modern Hebrew; Afroasiatic → Arabic → Levantine Arabic → Palestinian Arabic; historically Afroasiatic → Northwest Semitic → Samaritan Hebrew, Samaritan Aramaic	Israel, Palestine		Samaritanism
Sambal	Austronesian → Philippine → Sambalic^{[note 2]}	Philippines (Zambales)	Bolinao, Botolan (including Banguingui)	Christianity → Catholicism
Sámi	Uralic → Sámi;^{[note 2]} historically Uralic → Sámi → Akkala Sámi, Kemi Sámi, Kainuu Sámi	Sápmi (Norway, Sweden, Finland, Russia)	Inari Sámi, Kildin Sámi, Lule Sámi, Northern Sámi, Pite Sámi, Skolt Sámi, Southern Sámi, Ter Sámi, Ume Sámi, Akkala Sámi	Christianity → Protestantism → Lutheranism
Samoans	Austronesian → Polynesian → Samoan	Samoan Islands (Samoa, American Samoa)	American Samoans, Samoan Samoans, with significant populations in New Zealand, the United States	Christianity
Sandawe	Sandawe	Tanzania (Chemba District)		Traditional African Religion, Islam
Sangirese	Austronesian → Philippine → Sangirese	Indonesia (Sangihe Islands), Philippines (Mindanao)		Christianity → Protestantism
Sanka^{[note 73]}	Japonic → Japanese → Sanka	Japan (mountainous regions of Honshu)		Animism
Sankethi Brahmin	Dravidian → Tamiloid → Tamil → Sankethi	India (Karnataka)		Hinduism → Advaita Vedanta
Santal	Austroasiatic → Munda → Santali	India (West Bengal, Jharkhand, Odisha)^{[note 3]}		Christianity → Catholicism
Sara	Nilo-Saharan → Central Sudanic → Sara^{[note 2]}	Chad, Central African Republic	Ngambay, Doba, Laka, Kabba, Sar, Mbay, Ngam, Dagba, Gulay	Traditional African religions
Saraiki	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Saraiki	Saraikistan	Khakwani	Islam
Saramaka	Indo-European → Germanic → English → Saramaccan	Suriname		Winti, Christianity → Moravian Church
Sardinians	Indo-European → Romance → Sardinian,^{[note 2]} Indo-European → Romance → Sassarese, Indo-European → Romance → Gallurese	Italy (Sardinia)	Logudorese, Campidanese, Sassarese, Gallurese	Christianity → Catholicism
Sasak	Austronesian → Sasak	Indonesia (Lombok)		Islam
Saurashtras	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Saurashtra	India (South India)		Hinduism → Vaishnavism, Hinduism → Shaivism
Savu	Austronesian → Sumba–Flores → Sumba → Hawu	India (Savu)		Christianity → Protestantism
Scots	Indo-European → Germanic → Scots, English → Scottish English; Indo-European → Celtic → Scottish Gaelic;^{[note 24]} BANZSL → British Sign	United Kingdom (Scotland)	Ulster Scots, Highlanders, Lowlanders, Berwickers, along with significant populations in the United States (including Scotch-Irish Americans), Canada (including Scotch-Irish Canadians), Australia, Argentina, Russia, and the Bahamas	Christianity → Protestantism → Calvinism
Sekani	Na-Dene → Athabaskan → Sekani	Canada (British Columbia)		Christianity, Animism
Selk'nam	Chonan → Selk'nam, Indo-European → Romance → Spanish	Tierra del Fuego (Argentina, Chile)		Animism, Christianity
Selkups	Uralic → Samoyedic → Selkup	Russia (Tomsk Oblast, Krasnoyarsk Krai, Tyumen Oblast)		Shamanism, Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy
Seminoles	Muskogean → Muscogee → Seminole, Muskogean → Mikasuki, Afro-Seminole Creole	United States (Oklahoma, Florida), Mexico (Coahuila)	Oklahoma Seminoles, Black Seminoles (including Mascogos), Florida Seminoles	Christianity → Protestantism, Catholicism; Green Corn Ceremony
Semnanis	Indo-European → Iranic → Semnani^{[note 2]}	Iran (Semnan)	Biyabunakis, Sangsaris, Sorkheis, Aftaris, Lasgerdis	Islam → Shi'ism → Twelver Shi'ism
Seneca	Iroquoian → Northern Iroquoian → Seneca	Canada (Ontario), United States (New York, Oklahoma)		Longhouse Religion, Christianity^[73]
Sentinelese	Sentinelese	India (North Sentinel Island)		Animism^[74]
Senufo	Atlantic–Congo → (disputed) → Senufo^{[note 2]}	Mali, Ivory Coast, Burkina Faso	Nafana, Minyanka	Traditional African religions
Serbs	Indo-European → Slavic → Shtokavian → Serbian	Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina (Republika Srpska), Montenegro, Croatia, Kosovo, Romania, Hungary, Albania, Bulgaria, Slovenia, North Macedonia	Kosovo Serbs, Montenegrin Serbs, Croatian Serbs, Bosnian Serbs, Macedonian Serbs, Romanian Serbs, Hungarian Serbs, Albanian Serbs, Bulgarian Serbs, Slovenian Serbs, Vojvodinian Serbs, Triestine Serbs, Serb Muslims, along with significant populations in Greece, Germany, Austria, France, Slovakia, and Sweden	Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy
Serer	Atlantic–Congo → Senegambian → Serer, Cangin^{[note 2]}	Senegal	Laalaa, Ndut, Niominka, Serer-Noon, Palor, Saafi	Islam, Serer religion
Serrano	Uto-Aztecan → Takic → Serrano^{[note 8]}	United States (California)	Mountain Serrano, Desert Serrano	Native American religion
Seychellois Creoles	Indo-European → French-based creole → Seychellois Creole	Seychelles		Christianity → Catholicism
Shan	Kra–Dai → Tai → Shan	Myanmar (Shan State)		Buddhism → Theravada Buddhism
Sharchops	Sino-Tibetan → Tibeto-Kanauri → Tshangla	Bhutan (Lhuntse, Mongar, Pemagatshel, Samdrup Jongkhar, Trashigang, and Trashiyangtse Districts)		Buddhism → Tibetan Buddhism, Bon
Shawnee	Algic → Algonquian → Shawnee	United States (Oklahoma, historically Ohio)	Absentee Shawnee, Eastern Shawnee, Piqua Shawnee, Shawnee Tribe	Indigenous religion^[75]
Sherbro	Atlantic–Congo → Mel → Sherbro	Sierra Leone (Sherbro Island)		Traditional African religions
Sherpas	Sino-Tibetan → Tibetic → Sherpa	Nepal, India (Sikkim, West Bengal)		Buddhism
Shetlanders	Indo-European → Germanic → Scots → Shetlandic; Indo-European → Germanic → English → Scottish English; BANZSL → British Sign; historically Indo-European → Germanic → Norn	United Kingdom (Shetland)		Christianity → Protestantism → Presbyterianism
Shilha	Afroasiatic → Berber → Shilha	Morocco		Islam → Sunnism
Shilluk	Nilo-Saharan → Nilotic → Shilluk	South Sudan	Gule	Christianity → Catholicism
Shina	Indo-European → Dardic → Shina, Indo-European → Dardic → Kohistani Shina	Pakistan (Gilgit-Baltistan)	Kohistani Shina	Islam
Shirazi	Atlantic-Congo → Bantu → Swahili	Tanzania (Swahili Coast), Kenya, Mozambique, Comoros	Zanzibaris, and Maore	Islam → Sunnism
Shiriana	Arawakan → Shiriana, Arutani language	Brazil (Amazonas, Amazon rainforest), Venezuela (Amazon rainforest)	Auake	Animism^[76]
Shompen	Shompen	India (Great Nicobar Island)		Animism
Shona	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Shona	Zimbabwe (Mashonaland)	Manyika, Ndau	Christianity
Shopi	Indo-European → Slavic → Bulgarian	Shopluk (Bulgaria, Serbia, North Macedonia)		Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy
Shors	Turkic → Siberian Turkic → Shor	Russia (Gornaya Shoriya, Khakassia, Altai Republic)		Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy → Russian Orthodoxy, Shamanism → Shor Shamanism
Shoshone	Uto-Aztecan → Numic → Shoshoni	Wyoming, Idaho, Nevada, Utah (United States)	Eastern Shoshone, Northern Shoshone, Western Shoshone, Goshute	Native American Church, Christianity
Sibe	Tungusic → Xibe^{[note 57]}	China (Liaoning, Jilin, Xinjiang)^{[note 3]}		Shamanism^{[note 26]}
Siberian Tatars	Turkic → Kipchak → Tobol-Irtysh, Baraba, Tom^{[note 74]}	Russia (Western Siberia)	Baraba Tatars, Chats, Eushta Tatars, Kalmak Tatars, Siberian Bukharans, Zabolotnie Tatars	Islam → Sunnism
Siberian Yupik	Eskaleut → Eskimo → Siberian Yupik, Eskaleut → Eskimo → Naukan	Russia (Chukchi Peninsula), United States (St. Lawrence Island)	Naukan	Shamanism
Sicilians	Indo-European → Romance → Sicilian, Italian; historically Afroasiatic → Arabic → Sicilian Arabic	Italy (Sicily)	Pelagie Islanders (Lampedusans, Linosans), Pantellerians, with significant populations in the United States	Christianity → Catholicism
Sidama	Afroasiatic → Cushitic → Sidaama	Ethiopia (Sidamia)		Christianity
Siddi	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Swahili^{[note 75]} → Sidi	Pakistan (Baluchistan, Sindh), India (Karnataka, Gujarat, Hyderabad)		Islam
Sierra Leone Creoles	Indo-European → Germanic → English → Krio, Indo-European → Germanic → English → Pichinglis	Sierra Leone	Gambian Creoles, Saros, Krio Fernandinos, with significant populations in the United States	Christianity
Sika	Austronesian → Flores–Lembata → Sika	Indonesia (Sikka Regency)		Christianity → Catholicism
Sikaiana	Austronesian → Polynesian → Sikaiana	Solomon Islands (Sikaiana)		Christianity
Silesians	Indo-European → Slavic → Silesian, Indo-European → Germanic → High German → Silesian German	Silesia (Poland, Germany, Czech Republic)	Cieszyn Vlachs, Moravians, along with significant populations in the United States (including Texas)	Christianity → Catholicism, Protestantism → Lutheranism
Siltʼe	Afroasiatic → Semitic → Ethiopic → Gurage → Siltʼe	Ethiopia (Siltia)		Islam
Sindhis	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Sindhi	Pakistan (Sindh)	Jat, Jamote, Memon, Arain, Indian Sindhis	Islam → Sunnism → Hanafism; Hinduism
Sinhalese	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Sinhala	Sri Lanka	Dewa, British Sri Lankans, Burghers (including Portuguese Burghers and Dutch Burghers)	Buddhism → Theravada Buddhism
Siona	Tucanoan → Western Tucanoan → Siona	Ecuador (Sucumbios), Colombia (Putumayo)		Animism
Sioux	Siouan → Western Siouan → Sioux^{[note 2]}^{[note 76]}	United States (Lakotah)	Lakota (including Brulé, Oglala, Sans Arc, Hunkpapa, Miniconjou, and Sihasapa) and Dakota (including Mdewakanton)	Native American religion
Sirenik	Eskaleut → Eskimo → Siberian Yupik,^{[note 77]} historically Eskaleut → Eskimo → Sirenik	Russia (Sireniki)		Christianity, formerly shamanism
Skokomish	Salishan → Coast Salish → Twana	United States (Skokomish Indian Reservation)		Christianity → Indian Shaker Church^[77]
Slavey	Na-Dene → Athabaskan → Slavey^{[note 2]}	Canada (Alberta, Northwest Territories)	Deh Cho, Sahtu	Christianity, Animism
Slovaks	Indo-European → Slavic → Slovak; Francosign → Austro-Hungarian Sign → Slovak Sign	Slovakia, Czech Republic, Hungary, Austria, and surrounding regions	Significant populations in Czech Republic, Bulgaria, Hungary, Austria, Serbia, Croatia, United States, Australia, and Canada	Christianity → Catholicism
Slovenes	Indo-European → Slavic → Slovene	Slovenia, Austria (Carinthia), Hungary, Italy (Friuli-Venezia Giulia), Croatia (Istria, Primorje-Gorski Kotar County, Zagreb), and surrounding regions	Hungarian Slovenes (including Rába Slovenes), Carinthian Slovenes, Prekmurje Slovenes, Italian Slovenes, Croatian Slovenes along with significant populations in the United States, Canada, Australia, Uruguay, Venezuela, Argentina, Croatia, and Italy	Christianity → Catholicism
Soga	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Soga	Uganda (Busoga)		Christianity, Traditional African religions
Somalis	Afroasiatic → Cushitic → Somali^{[note 2]}	Greater Somalia (Somalia, Ethiopia, Djibouti, Kenya)	Hawiye, Darod (including Majeerteen), Isaaq, Dir, Rahanweyn, Madhiban, Yibir, Ajuran along with significant populations in the United States, the United Kingdom, Sweden, and Canada	Islam → Sunnism → Shafi'ism
Songhai	Songhay languages^{[note 2]}	West Africa	Songhai proper, Zarma, Wogo, Kurtey, Ingalkoyyu, Arma, Belbali, Dendi	Islam
Soninke	Niger–Congo → Mande → Soninke	Mali		Islam → Sunni Islam → Malikism
Sonsorolese	Austronesian → Micronesian → Sonsorolese	Palau (Sonsorol)		Christianity
Soqotris	Afroasiatic → Eastern South Semitic → Soqotri	Yemen (Socotra)		Islam
Sorbs	Indo-European → Slavic → Sorbian^{[note 2]}	Lusatia (Germany, Poland)	Upper Sorbs, Lower Sorbs, (historically they were themselves a subgroup of the now-extinct Polabians), with significant populations in the United States (including Texas)	Christianity → Catholicism
Sotho	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Sotho	South Africa (Free State), Lesotho		Christianity
South Carolina Turks^[78]	Indo-European → Germanic → English	United States (Dalzell, Sumter County, South Carolina)		Islam
South Sea Islanders	Indo-European → Germanic → English → Australian English	Australia (Queensland)		Christianity^[79]
Soyots	Turkic → Siberian Turkic → Taiga Sayan Turkic → Soyot	Russia (Okinsky District)		Shamanism
Spaniards	Indo-European → Romance → Spanish, Extremaduran, Asturleonese, Barranquenho, Quinqui jargon; Spanish Sign language	Spain, Portugal (Barrancos)	Andalusians, Barranquenhos,^[67] Castilians, Leonese, Cantabrians, Extremadurans, Mercheros, Olivenzans	Christianity → Catholicism
Squamish	Salishan → Coast Salish → Squamish	Canada (British Columbia (North Vancouver (Squamish Nation)))	Senakw, X̱wáýx̱way, X̱wemelch'stn, Stawamus	Irreligion, Christianity
Sri Lanka Kaffirs	Indo-European → Romance → Portuguese Creole → Sri Lankan Portuguese Creole	Sri Lanka (Puttalam, Trincomalee, Batticaloa, Negombo)		Christianity → Catholicism; Buddhism → Theravada Buddhism
Sri Lanka Malays	Austronesian → Malay creoles → Sri Lankan Malay	Sri Lanka		Islam → Sunnism
Sri Lankan Moors	Dravidian → Tamiloid → Tamil → Sri Lankan Muslim Tamil	Sri Lanka		Islam → Sunnism
Sri Lankan Chetties	Dravidian → Tamiloid → Tamil; Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Sinhala	Sri Lanka		Christianity → Catholicism, Christianity → Protestantism → Anglicanism, Christianity → Protestantism → Calvinism
Subanons	Austronesian → Philippine → Subanon^{[note 2]}	Philippines (Zamboanga Peninsula)	Kolibugan, Lapuyan	Christianity, Islam, Animism
Sui	Kra–Dai → Kam–Sui → Sui	China (Sandu Shui Autonomous County)		Animism
Sukuma	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Sukuma	Tanzania		Christianity → Catholicism
Sulanese	Austronesian → Central Maluku → Sula	Indonesia (Sula Islands Regency)	Fagudu, Falahu, Fatcei, Mangon	Islam → Sunnism; Animism
Sumba	Austronesian → Sumba–Flores → Sumba^{[note 2]}	Indonesia (Sumba)	Anakalangu, East Sumbanese, Kodi, Lamboya, West Sumbanese, Mamboru, Wanukaka	Christianity → Protestantism
Sumbawa	Austronesian → Sumbawa	Indonesia (Sumbawa)		Islam
Sundanese	Austronesian → Malayo-Polynesian → Sundanese	Indonesia (Java)	Bantenese, Baduy, Ciptagelar	Islam → Sunnism
Surma	Nilo-Saharan → Surmic^{[note 2]}	Ethiopia, South Sudan	Me'en, Mursi, Kichepo	Traditional African religions
Susu	Niger–Congo → Mande → Susu	Guinea, Sierra Leone (Kambia)		Islam
Swabians	Indo-European → Germanic → Alemannic German → Swabian German	Germany (Swabia)		Christianity → Catholicism
Swahili	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Swahili	Swahili coast (Kenya, Tanzania, Mozambique, Comoros)		Islam
Swazi	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Swazi	South Africa (Mpumalanga), Eswatini		Christianity → African Zionism
Swedes	Indo-European → Germanic → Swedish, Indo-European → Germanic → Dalecarlian, Indo-European → Germanic → East Danish → Scanian, Indo-European → Germanic → Gutnish, Indo-European → Germanic → Norrlandic, Indo-European → Germanic → Jamtska, SSLic → Swedish Sign	Sweden, Estonia (Aiboland)	Scanians, Jamtish, Gutnish, Dalecarlians, Estonian Swedes along with significant populations in the United States, Canada, Argentina, and the United Kingdom	Christianity → Protestantism → Lutheranism
Sylhetis	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Sylheti	Bangladesh (Sylhet Division), India (Barak Valley)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Syriacs	Afroasiatic → Semitic → Neo-Aramaic^{[note 2]}^{[note 78]}	Syria (Qalamoun Mountains)	Arameans (includes Israeli Arameans), Chaldean Catholics from Nineveh and Bohtan, Citadel Christians	Christianity → Eastern Christianity → Syriac Christianity
Tabaru	West Papuan → North Halmahera → Tabaru	Indonesia (Jailolo)		Animism
Tabasaran	Northeast Caucasian → Lezgic → Tabasaran	Russia (Dagestan (Tabasaransky District))		Islam → Sunni Islam
Tagalogs	Austronesian → Philippine → Tagalog	Philippines		Christianity → Catholicism
Tagish	Na-Dene → Athabaskan → Tagish	Canada (Yukon)		Christianity, Animism^[80]
Tahitians	Austronesian → Polynesian → Tahitian^{[note 19]}	France (Tahiti)		Christianity
Tahltan	Na-Dene → Athabaskan → Tahltan	Canada (Northern British Columbia)		Christianity, Animism^[81]
Taidnapam	Historically Plateau Penutian → Sahaptian → Northwest Sahaptin → Upper Cowlitz; Chinookan, Wakashan, and Indo-European → Lower Chinook, Nootka Jargon, Germanic, and Italic → Chinook Jargon	United States (Yakama Indian Reservation)	Upper Cowlitz, Lewis River Cowlitz	Native American religion^[82]
Taino	Arawakan → Taino	Greater Antilles		Native American religion
Tajiks	Indo-European → Iranic → Tajik; Francosign → Austro-Hungarian Sign → Russian Sign → Tajik Sign	Central Asia	Kharduri, Chagatai, with significant populations in Uzbekistan, Pakistan	Islam → Sunni Islam
Takuu	Austronesian → Polynesian → Takuu	Papua New Guinea (Takuu)		Christianity
Tallensi	Atlantic–Congo → Gur → Talni	Ghana (Tallensi Traditional Area), Burkina Faso		Tallensi religion
Talysh	Indo-European → Iranic → Talysh	Azerbaijan, Iran		Islam → Shia Islam
Tama	Nilo-Saharan → Taman → Tama	Chad, Sudan		Islam
Tamangs	Sino-Tibetan → Tibeto-Kanauri → Tamang	Nepal, India (Sikkim)	Waiba, Lopchan, Thokar, Lama	Hinduism, Buddhism
Tamils	Dravidian → Tamiloid → Tamil; Austronesian → Malay Creole → Malay Chetty	India (Tamil Nadu), Sri Lanka (Northern and Eastern Provinces)	Indian Tamils (including Indian Tamils of Sri Lanka),^{[note 79]} Sri Lankan Tamils (including Negombo Tamils),^{[note 79]} Chitty, Giraavaru, Ambattar, along with significant populations in Malaysia, South Africa, the United States, Singapore, Canada, the United Kingdom, and France (including Malbars)	Hinduism, Islam, Christianity, Jainism
Tampuans	Austroasiatic → Bahnaric → Tampuan	Cambodia (Ratanakiri)		Animism
Tanana Athabaskans	Na-Dene → Athabaskan → Upper Tanana, Na-Dene → Athabaskan → Lower Tanana, Na-Dene → Athabaskan → Tanacross	United States (Interior Alaska), Canada (Western Yukon)	Lower Tanana, Middle Tanana, Tanacross, Upper Tanana	Christianity, Shamanism^[83]
Tao	Austronesian → Batanic → Tao	Taiwan (Orchid Island)		Christianity, Anitism
Taos	Tanoan → Tiwa → Taos	United States (Taos Pueblo)		Native American religion, Native American Church, Christianity
Tapayuna	Macro-Jê → Jê → Tapayuna	Brazil (Mato Grosso)		Ethnoreligion
Tarahumara	Uto-Aztecan → Tarahumaran → Tarahumara	Mexico (Chihuahua)		Animism, Peyotism, Christianity → Catholicism
Tarok	Niger–Congo → Plateau → Tarok	Nigeria (Plateau State)		Christianity
Tashons	Sino–Tibetan → Kuki-Chin–Naga → Tashon	Myanmar (Chin State (Falam Township))	Falam	Christianity
Tausūg	Austronesian → Bisayan → Tausug	Philippines (Sulu Archipelago)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Tboli	Austronesian → Philippine → Tboli	Philippines (South Cotabato)		Anitism
Tebers	Turkic → Oghuz → Turkish → Teberce	Turkey, Syria, Balkans		Islam → Alevism
Tehuelche	Chonan → Tehuelche, Araucanian → Mapudungun, Indo-European → Romance → Spanish	Argentina (eastern Patagonia)		Animism, Christianity
Teke	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Teke	Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo		Traditional African religions^[84]
Telengits	Turkic → Kipchak → Southern Altai → Telengit	Russia (Altai Republic)		Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy, Shamanism, Burkhanism
Teleuts	Turkic → Kipchak → Southern Altai → Teleut	Russia (Kemerovo Oblast)		Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy → Russian Orthodoxy, Shamanism
Telugus	Dravidian → South-Central Dravidian → Telugu	India (Andhra Pradesh, Telangana)	Reddy, Velama, Kapu, Raju, Madiga, Mala, Kaikalas, Adi Andhra, Adi Jambava, Vatuka (including Kamma, Balijas (including Kavarais), Gollas), Mumbai Telugus, Sri Lankan Telugus	Hinduism, Islam, Christianity
Temne	Niger–Congo → Mel → Temne	Sierra Leone (Northern Sierra Leone)		Islam
Tepehuán	Uto-Aztecan → Piman → Tepehuán	Mexico (Durango, Chihuahua, Sinaloa, Jalisco, Zacatecas, Nayarit)		Tepehuán Mythology, Shamanism, Animism, Peyotism, Christianity → Catholicism
Terena	Arawakan → Terena; Brazilian Sign language; Terena Sign language	Brazil (Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul)		Shamanism
Ternate	West Papuan → North Halmahera → Ternate	Indonesia (Ternate)	Tubo, Tobona, Tabanga, Toboleu, Ibu, Jailolo, Ternate-Portuguese	Islam → Sunni Islam, Animism
Tewa	Tanoan → Tewa	United States (New Mexico)		Christianity, Pueblo religion
Thais	Kra–Dai → Tai → Central Thai, Southern Thai, Northern Thai	Thailand	Southern Thai, Khorat, Lanna, with signifiant populations in the United States	Buddhism → Theravada Buddhism
Tharus	Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Tharu	Terai (Nepal, India)	Kathariya, Danuwar, Lampucchwa, Kochila, Sonha, Dangaura, Rana	Hinduism, Buddhism
Tibetans	Sino-Tibetan → Tibeto-Kanauri → Tibetic,^{[note 2]} Sino-Tibetan → Tibeto-Kanauri → Tshangla → Pemako Tshangla, Tibetan Sign	China (Tibet), Nepal, Bhutan	Amdolese (including Golok and Tebbu), Khams, U-Tsang (including Ngari and Walung), Pemakopas, Changpa, Baima, Kachee	Buddhism → Tibetan Buddhism, Bon
Ticuna	Ticuna–Yuri → Ticuna	Brazil (Amazonas)		Shamanism
Tidore	West Papuan → North Halmahera → Tidore	Indonesia (Tidore)		Islam
Tigrayans	Afroasiatic → Ethiopic → Tigrinya	Eritrea (Eritrean Highlands), Ethiopia (Tigrayia)		Christianity → Oriental Orthodoxy → Ethiopian Orthodoxy
Tigre	Afroasiatic → Ethiopic → Tigre	Eritrea		Islam
Tikopia	Austronesian → Polynesian → Tikopia	Solomon Islands (Tikopia)		Christianity
Timok Valley Vlachs	Indo-European → Romance → Romanian → Vlach; Slavic → Shtokavian → Serbian	Serbia (Timok Valley, Belgrade)		Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy
Tiv	Niger–Congo → Tiv	Nigeria (Benue State)		Christianity
Tiwa	Sino-Tibetan → Sal → Tiwa^{[note 4]}	India (Assam, Meghalaya)		Hinduism
Tiwi	Tiwi	Australia (Tiwi Islands)		Alcheringa
Tlapanec	Oto-Manguean → Tlapanec	Mexico (Guerrero)		Christianity → Catholicism
Tlicho	Na-Dene → Athabaskan → Tlicho	Canada (Northwest Territories)		Christianity, Animism
Tlingit	Na-Dene → Tlingit	Canada (British Columbia, Yukon Territory), United States (Alaska, Washington)		Alaska Native religion
Tobati	Austronesian → North New Guinea → Tobati	Indonesia (Jayapura)		Christianity, Islam
Tobelo	West Papuan → North Halmahera → Tobelo	Indonesia (North Halmahera)	Dodinga, Boeng, Kao, Maba	Christianity → Protestantism, Animism, Islam → Sunni Islam
Tobians	Austronesian → Micronesian → Tobian	Palau (Hatohobei)		Christianity
Tofalars	Turkic → Siberian Turkic → Tofa	Russia (Tofalariya)		Christianity
Togutils	West Papuan → North Halmahera → Togutil	Indonesia (North Halmahera (Aketajawe-Lolobata National Park))	Totodoku, Tukur-Tukur, Lolobata, Kobekulo, Buli	Animism, Christianity, Islam
Tokelauans	Austronesian → Polynesian → Tokelauan	Tokelau		Christianity → Congregationalism
Tonga	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Tonga	Zambia, Zimbabwe		Traditional African Religion
Tongans	Austronesian → Polynesian → Tongan	Tonga	Tongan Hawaiians	Christianity
Tooro	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Tooro	Uganda (Tooro Kingdom)	Abagweri, Abasingo, Abahinda, Ababiito, Abasumbi, Abayaga, Ababwiju, Abasiita, Abasambo, Ababoopi, Ababwooro, Abagaya, Abalebeki, Abango, Abagimu, Abarungu, Abanyakyoozi, Abasoigi^[85]	Christianity, Ruhanga
Toraja	Austronesian → South Sulawesi → Toraja	Indonesia (Tana Toraja)		Christianity → Protestantism
Torres Strait Islanders	Pama-Nyungan → Kalaw Lagaw Ya, Eastern Trans-Fly → Meriam, Indo-European → Germanic → English → Torres Strait Creole	Australia (Torres Strait Islands)		Christianity
Totonac	Totonac^{[note 2]}	Mexico (Veracruz, Puebla, Hidalgo)		Christianity, Native American religion
Toubou	Nilo-Saharan → Saharan → Tebu^{[note 2]}	Toubouland (Chad, Niger, Sudan, Libya)	Daza, Teda	Islam → Sunni Islam
Toucouleur	Atlantic–Congo → Senegambian → Pulaar	Senegal (Futa Tooro)		Islam
Trawara	Indo-European → Dardic → Mankiyali	Pakistan (Danna, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa)		Islam^[86]
Tripuri	Sino-Tibetan → Sal → Kokborok	India (Tripura)	Jamatia, Murasing	Hinduism
Trumai	Trumai	Brazil (Mato Grosso)		Animism
Tsakhurs	Northeast Caucasian → Lezgic → Tsakhur	Russia (Rutulsky District), Azerbaijan (Zagatala and Qakh districts)		Islam → Sunni Islam^[87]
Tsez	Northeast Caucasian → Tsezic → Tsez	Russia (Tsuntinsky District)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Tsimané	Macro-Panoan → Moseten–Chonan → Tsimané	Bolivia (Beni)	Mosetén	Traditional tribal religion^[88]
Tsimshian	Tsimshianic → Maritime Tsimshianic^{[note 2]}	Canada (British Columbia), United States (Alaska)	Kitasoo, Gitga'ata, Kitkatla, Kitsumkalum, Kitselas, Ginadoiks, Ginaxangiik, Gispaxlo'ots, Gitando, Gitlaan, Gits'iis, Gitwilgyoots, Gitzaxłaał, Giluts'aaw	Alaskan Native religion
Tsonga	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Tsonga	Mozambique (Maputo City and Maputo Province, Gaza Province), South Africa (Limpopo, Mpumalanga)		Christianity → Catholicism
Tsuut'ina	Na-Dene → Athabaskan → Tsuut'ina	Canada (Alberta)		Christianity, Native American religion
Tswana	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Tswana	Botswana, South Africa (South Tswanaland)	Balete, Mangwato, Bangwaketse, Bakwena, Batlokwa, Bahurutshe, Bakgatla, Rolong	Christianity
Tuamotuans	Austronesian → Polynesian → Tuamotuan	France (Tuamotus)		Christianity
Tujia	Sino-Tibetan → Tujia^{[note 2]}^{[note 80]}	China (Wuling Mountains)		Nuo folk religion
Tuluvas	Tulu	India (Karnataka)		Hinduism
Tumbuka	Niger-Congo → Bantu → Tumbuka	Malawi, Zambia, Tanzania, Zimbabwe	Senga, Henga, Yombe, Phoka, Tonga	Christianity, Tumbuka mythology
Tunica-Biloxi	Indo-European → Germanic → English; Indo-European → Romance → French;^[89] Tunica language; historically Siouan → Ohio Valley Siouan → Biloxi	United States (Tunica-Biloxi Indian Reservation)	Biloxi, Tunica	Christianity → Protestantism, Catholicism; Native American religion^[90]
Tupuri	Niger–Congo → Adamawa → Tupuri	Cameroon (Far North Region), Chad (Mayo-Kebbi)		Christianity
Turkana	Nilo-Saharan → Nilotic → Turkana	Kenya (Turkanaland)		Christianity → Catholicism
Turkmens	Turkic → Oghuz → Turkmen, South Azerbaijani, Afshar	Turkmenistan, Iran (Turkmen Sahra), Afghanistan	Teke, Yomut, Bayandur, Afshar, Ersari, Chowdur, Saryk, Bayats, Kayıs, Iranian Turkmens, Afghan Turkmens, with significant populations in Pakistan, Russia, the United Kingdom	Islam → Sunni Islam
Turks	Turkic → Oghuz → Turkish, Rumelian Turkish; Indo-European → Indo-Aryan → Balkan Romani → Rumelian Romani; Turkish Sign	West Asia, the Caucasus, Eastern Europe, and Southeast Europe	Turkish Turks (includes the Baraks, Manavs, Elbegli, Tahtacı, and other Anatolian Turkoman tribes), Turkish Cypriots (including Mainland Turks), Meskhetian Turks, Iraqi Turkmen, Syrian Turkmen, Lebanese Turkmen, Jordanian Turkmen, Rumelian Turks (including Kosovoan Turks, Dodecanese Turks, Western Thracian Turks, Bulgarian Turks (including in Turkey), Dobrujan Turks, Macedonian Turks, Bosnian Turks, Croatia, Serbian Turks, Montenegrin Turks), Yörüks, Amuca, Turkish Roma, along with significant populations in Germany, France, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Austria, Belgium, Sweden, the United States, Egypt, Qatar, Israel, and Palestine	Islam → Sunni Islam, Alevism
Tuscarora	Iroquoian → Northern Iroquoian → Tuscarora	Canada (Ontario), United States (New York, North Carolina)		Longhouse Religion, Christianity^[91]
Tutchones	Na-Dene → Athabaskan → Tutchone^{[note 2]}	Canada (Yukon Territory)	Northern Tutchones, Southern Tutchones	Native American religion
Tutejszy	Indo-European → Slavic → Polish, Indo-European → Slavic → East Slavic,^{[note 2]} Indo-European → Baltic → Eastern Baltic^{[note 2]}	Poland, Ukraine, Belarus, Lithuania, Latvia		Christianity → Catholicism, Eastern Orthodoxy → Russian Orthodoxy
Tutsi	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Great Lakes → Rwanda-Rundi^{[note 42]}	Rwanda, Burundi, Democratic Republic of the Congo (Kivu)	Banyamulenge	Christianity, Islam
Tuvaluans	Austronesian → Polynesian → Tuvaluan	Tuvalu		Christianity
Tuvans	Turkic → Siberian Turkic → Steppe Sayan Turkic → Tuvan; Turkic → Siberian Turkic → Taiga Sayan Turkic → Tozhu Tuvan, Tere-Khöl Tuvan	Russia (Tuva), Mongolia (Khovsgol Province)	Tozhu Tuvans	Buddhism → Tibetan Buddhism
Udeges	Tungusic → Udegheic → Udege	Russia (Khabarovsk Krai, Primorsky Krai)		Shamanism
Udis	Northeast Caucasian → Lezgic → Udi	The Caucasus, Russia, Ukraine		Christianity → Oriental Orthodoxy
Udmurts	Uralic → Permic → Udmurt	Russia (Udmurtia)	Besermyan	Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy
Ukrainians	Indo-European → Slavic → Ukrainian, Surzhyk, Russian; Francosign → Austro-Hungarian Sign → Ukrainian Sign	Ukraine, Transcarpathia (Slovakia, Poland), Belarus (Beresteishchyna)	Cossacks, Litvins, Pinchuks, Afro-Ukrainians, Podolyans, along with significant populations in the United States, Mexico, Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay, Venezuela, France, Portugal, New Zealand, Australia, Kazakhstan, Germany, Canada, Italy, Argentina, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Lithuania, Russia (including Kuban and Siberia), Belarus, Slovakia, Moldova, Armenia, Estonia, Finland, Italy, Serbia, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and Romania	Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy, Christianity → Catholicism → Ukrainian Greek Catholicism
Ulchi	Tungusic → Southern Tungusic → Ulch	Russia (Ulchsky District)		Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy → Russian Orthodoxy, Shamanism
Ulster Protestants	Indo-European → Germanic → Scots → Ulster Scots, Indo-European → Germanic → English → Ulster English, BANZSL → British Sign	Ulster (United Kingdom, Republic of Ireland)		Christianity → Protestantism
Umatilla	Plateau Penutian → Sahaptian → Umatilla	United States (Oregon)		Native American religion
Upper Kuskokwim	Na-Dene → Athabaskan → Upper Kuskokwim	United States (Interior Alaska)		Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy → Russian Orthodoxy
Urak Lawoi	Austronesian → Malayic → Urak Lawoi	Thailand (Phuket)		Buddhism → Theravada Buddhism
Urhobos	Niger–Congo → Edoid → Urhobo	Nigeria (Delta State)		Christianity
Ute	Uto-Aztecan → Numic → Colorado River Numic → Ute	United States (Colorado, Utah)		Native American Church, Christianity
Uyghurs	Turkic → Karluk → Uyghur, Tor Uyghur	China (Uyghuristan), Central Asia	Kashgartsy, Chantuu, Lops, Tor Uyghurs, with significant populations in Kazakhstan, Pakistan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkey, the United States	Islam → Sunni Islam
Uzbeks	Turkic → Karluk → Uzbek^{[note 2]}	Uzbekistan, Afghanistan	Ming, Yuzi, Kyrk, Karategin Uzbeks, Significant populations in Russia, Pakistan, Canada, the United States, and Turkey	Islam → Sunni Islam
Valencians	Indo-European → Romance → Catalan → Valencian; LSCic → Valencian Sign	Spain (Valencian Community, Carche)		Christianity → Catholicism^[92]
Van Baoria	Indo-European → Rajasthani → Shekhawati	India (Rajasthan)	Vad Gujar, Param Veldo, Meowoti, Chandia, Gelot	Hinduism
Vaqueiros de Alzada	Indo-European → Romance → Asturleonese	Spain (Asturias, Province of Leon)		Christianity and traditional folk religion → Folk Catholicism → Vaqueiro religion
Vedda	Indo-European → Sinhala-based creole → Vedda	Sri Lanka	Coast Veddas, Anuradhapura Veddas, Bintenne Veddas	Animism
Venda	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Tshivenda	South Africa (Vendaland)		Christianity, Traditional African religions
Vepsians	Uralic → Finnic → Veps	Russia (Former Veps National Volost; Vytegorsky, Babayevsky, Podporozhsky, Lodeynopolsky, Tikhvinsky, and Boksitogorsky districts)	Ludi	Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy → Russian Orthodoxy
Viets/Kinh	Austroasiatic → Vietic → Vietnamese; Vietnamese sign languages^{[note 2]}	Vietnam	Muong, Gin, Phen, Chứt, Thổ, Nung, Giay, along with significant populations in the United States, Cambodia, France, Australia, Canada, Taiwan, Japan, Korea, Germany, Hong Kong, and Laos	Buddhism → Mahayana; Vietnamese folk religion; Caodaism; Hoa Hao
Vilamovians	Indo-European → Germanic → Wymysorys^{[note 81]}	Poland (Wilamowice)		Christianity → Catholicism
Visayans	Austronesian → Philippine → Bisayan^{[note 2]}	Philippines (Visayas)	Aklanon, Butuanon, Cebuano (including Boholano and Eskaya), Caluyanon, Capiznon, Cuyunon, Hiligaynon, Karay-a, Masbatenos, Negrenses, Porohanon, Romblomanon (including Bantoanons), Waray	Christianity → Catholicism
Volga Tatars	Turkic → Kipchak → Central Tatar, Mishar Tatar^{[note 82]}	Russia (Volga Federal District)	Astrakhan Tatars, Mishar Tatars (including Finnish Tatars), Kasimov Tatars, Kazan Tatars, Kryashens, Nagaybaks, Nukrat Tatars, Perm Tatars, Teptyars	Islam → Sunni Islam
Votians	Uralic → Finnic → Votic	Russia (Ingria), Estonia (Ida-Viru), Latvia (Bauska)	Kreevins, Poluverniki, Kukkuzi	Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy, Christianity → Protestantism → Lutheranism
Wa	Austroasiatic → Palaungic → Wa	Myanmar (Wa State)		Buddhism, Animism
Wakhi	Indo-European → Iranic → Wakhi	Afghanistan, Tajikistan, Pakistan, China		Islam → Shia Islam → Isma'ilism → Nizari Isma'ilism
Walla Walla	Plateau Penutian → Sahaptin → Walla Walla	United States (Oregon, Washington)		Waashat Religion
Wallisians	Austronesian → Polynesian → Wallisian	France (Wallis and Futuna)		Christianity
Walloons	Indo-European → Romance → Walloon, Picard, French → Belgian French; Francosign → Belgian Sign → French Belgian Sign	Belgium (Wallonia, adjacent regions of Flanders), France (Nord-Pas-de-Calais, Ardennes), Netherlands (Dutch Limburg), Germany, Luxembourg	Significant populations in the United States (including Wisconsin) and the Netherlands	Christianity → Catholicism
Wampanoag	Algic → Algonquian → Wampanoag	United States (Massachusetts)	Mashpee Wampanoag Tribe, Wampanoag Tribe of Gay Head (Aquinnah)	Native American religion, Christianity
Warlpiris	Pama–Nyungan → Ngumpin–Yapa → Warlpiri, Indo-European and Pama–Nyungan → Warlpiri and Australian Kriol → Light Warlpiri	Australia (Northern Territory)		Dreamtime
Waropen	Austronesian → South Halmahera–West New Guinea → Waropen	Indonesia (Waropen Regency)		Christianity
Washoe	Washo^{[note 83]}	United States (California, Nevada)		Native American religion
Wassamasaw	Indo-European → Germanic → English → American English	United States (Berkeley County, South Carolina)		Christianity → Protestantism → Baptism^[93]
Waxiang	Sino-Tibetan → Sinitic → Waxiang Chinese	China (Hunan)		Chinese folk religion
Wayuu	Arawakan → Wayuunaiki	Colombia (La Guajira), Venezuela		Ethnic religion, Christianity → Catholicism
Welayta	Afroasiatic → Omotic → Wolaitta	Ethiopia (Wolayitia)		Christianity → Protestantism → P'ent'ay
Welsh	Indo-European → Celtic → Welsh;^{[note 24]} Indo-European → Germanic → English → Welsh English; BANZSL → British Sign	United Kingdom (Wales)	Significant populations in Argentina, the United States, Canada, and Australia	Christianity → Protestantism
Wichita	Caddoan → Wichita^{[note 8]}	United States (Oklahoma; formerly Kansas, Texas)		Native American Church, Christianity, Native American religion
Wiradjuri	Pama-Nyungan → Wiradhuric → Wiradjuri	Australia (New South Wales)		Dreamtime
Wolane	Afroasiatic → Ethiopic → Wolane	Ethiopia (Gurage)		Islam^[94]
Wolof	Niger–Congo → Atlantic → Senegambian → Wolof	Senegambia (Senegal, The Gambia)	Lebu	Islam → Sunni Islam → Sufism → Mouride
Worrorra	Worrorran → Worrrorra	Australia (Western Australia)		Dreamtime
Wunambal	Worrorran → Wunambal	Australia (Western Australia)		Dreamtime
Wuikinuxv	Wakashan → Northern Wakashan → Heiltsuk–Oowekyala → Oowekyala	Canada (British Columbia)		Native American religion
Xavante	Macro-Je → Je → Xavante	Brazil (Mato Grosso)		Shamanism
Xerente	Macro-Je → Je → Xerente	Brazil (Tocantins)		Christianity and traditional folk religion → Folk Catholicism^[95]
Xhosa	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Nguni → Xhosa	South Africa (Xhosaland)		Christianity
Xinca	Xincan^{[note 2]}	Guatemala		Christianity → Catholicism; Native American religion
Xokleng	Macro-Je → Je → Xokleng	Brazil (Santa Catarina)		Shamanism^[96]
Yaghnobis	Indo-European → Iranic → Yaghnobi, Tajik	Tajikistan (Sughd Region)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Yahgan	Yahgan, Indo-European → Romance → Spanish	Tierra del Fuego (Argentina, Chile)		Christianity → Protestantism
Yakan	Austronesian → Barito → Yakan	Philippines (Basilan)		Islam → Sunni Islam
Yako	Niger–Congo → Cross River → Yako	Nigeria (Yakurr Local Government)		Christianity
Yakuts	Turkic → Siberian → Yakut	Russia (Yakutia)		Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy
Yali	Trans-New Guinea → Yali	Indonesia (Baliem Valley)		Christianity, Animism
Yanomami	Yanomaman	Southeastern Venezuela, and northern Brazil		Shamanism
Yao	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Yao	Malawi, Mozambique, Tanzania (Ruvuma and Mtwara Regions)		Islam and Animism → Yao Folk Islam
Yapese	Austronesian → Oceanic → Yapese	Federated States of Micronesia (Yap)		Christianity
Yaqui	Uto-Aztecan → Cahitan → Yaqui	Mexico (Sonora), United States (Arizona)		Peyotism, Christianity → Catholicism
Yellowknives	Na-Dene → Athabaskan → Chipewyan	Canada (Northwest Territories)		Christianity
Yenish	Indo-European → Germanic → Yenish	Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Luxembourg, Belgium, and France		Christianity, Judaism
Yerukala	Dravidian → South Dravidian I → Yerukala	India (Andhra Pradesh, Telangana)		Hinduism^[97]
Yi	Sino-Tibetan → Loloish^{[note 2]}	China (Yunnan, Sichuan, Guizhou, Guangxi)^{[note 3]}	Phu La, Azha, Nasu	Bimoism
Yoa-Lokpa	Niger–Congo → Gur → Oti–Volta → Yom, Niger–Congo → Gur → Gurunsi → Lukpa	Benin (Donga Department)		Ethnic religion^[98]
Yolngu	Pama-Nyungan → Yolngu^{[note 2]}	Australia (Miwatj)	Dhuwa (Rirratjingu, Galpu, Djambarrpuyngu, Golumala, Marrakulu, Marrangu, Djapu, Datiwuy, Ngaymil, Djarrwark), Yirritja (Gumatj, Gupapuyngu, Wangurri, Ritharrngu, Mangalili, Munyuku, Madarrpa, Warramiri, Dhalwangu, Liyalanmirri)	Alcheringa
Yoruba	Atlantic–Congo → Yoruboid → Yoruba; Yoruba Sign	Yorubaland (Nigeria, Benin, Togo)	Ijesha, Egba, Yewa, Igbomina, Awori, Akoko, Okun, Ana, Ekiti, Ilaje, Ijebu, Oyo, Ondo, Ife, Nagos, with significant populations in the United States and Canada	Islam, Christianity, Yoruba religion
Yuchi	Yuchi language	United States (Tennessee, Alabama, Georgia, South Carolina)^{[note 9]}		Christianity → Protestantism → Methodism; Stomp Dance; Native American Church^[99]
Yugambeh	Pama-Nyungan → Bandjalangic → Yugambeh	Australia (Queensland)		Alcheringa
Yugoslavs	Indo-European → Slavic → Serbo-Croatian,^{[note 2]}^{[note 63]} Macedonian, Slovene; Francosign → Austro-Hungarian Sign → Yugoslav Sign, Croatian Sign	Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Slovenia, North Macedonia, Croatia	Significant populations in Serbia, Canada, and the United States	Christianity → Eastern Orthodoxy, Catholicism; Islam → Sunni Islam
Yugurs	Turkic → Siberian Turkic → Western Yugur; Mongolic → Eastern Yugur	China (Gansu)		Buddhism → Tibetan Buddhism, Tengrism
Yukaghir	Yukaghir languages^{[note 2]}	Russia (Yakutia)		Shamanism
Yup'ik	Eskaleut → Eskimo → Yup'ik	United States (Alaska)	Nunivak Cupʼig, Chevak Cupʼik	Christianity, Shamanism
Zaghawa	Nilo-Saharan → Saharan → Zaghawa	Chad, Sudan		Islam → Sunni Islam
Zamboanguenos	Indo-European → Romance → Spanish → Chavacano	Philippines (Zamboanga City)		Christianity → Catholicism
Zande^{[note 84]}^[100]	Niger–Congo → Zande	Democratic Republic of the Congo, Central African Republic, South Sudan	Barambu	Christianity
Zapotecs	Oto-Manguean → Zapotec^{[note 2]}	Mexico (Oaxaca)	Ixtlan	Christianity → Catholicism
Zhuang	Kra–Dai → Tai → Zhuang^{[note 2]}^{[note 85]}	China (Zhuangia)		Moism
Zomi	Sino-Tibetan → Tibeto-Burman → Kuki-Chin–Naga,^{[note 2]}^{[note 64]} Sino-Tibetan → Mruic^{[note 2]}	Zogam (Myanmar, Bangladesh, India)	Tedim, Thadou, Paite, Zou, Kom, Koireng, Mizo (including Khiangte, Hmar (including Saihriem and Zote), Renthlei, Chawngthu, Miu-Khumi, and Ralte), Aimol, Sukte, Bawm, Lai, Biate, Chin (including Asho, Mro-Khimi, Mru (including Anok, Tshungma, Domrong, Dopteng, and Rumma), Anu, Chho, Cumtu Chin, and Hkongso (including Kasang, Htey, Kamu, Ngan, Gwa, Hteikloeh, Ngai, Rahnam, Kapu, Kasah, Namte, Krawktu, and Namluek)), Kuki (including Vaiphei, Khelma, Halam (including Korbong), Mate, and Simte) Gangte, and Bnei Menashe	Christianity
Zonians	Indo-European → Germanic → English → American English	Panama (Panama Canal Zone)		Christianity
Zoque	Mixe–Zoque → Zoque^{[note 2]}	Mexico (Chiapas, Oaxaca, Veracruz, Tabasco)		Christianity → Catholicism
Zoró	Tupian → Monde → Gavião of Jiparaná → Zoró	Brazil (Mato Grosso)		Christianity
Zulu	Niger–Congo → Bantu → Nguni → Zulu	South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal)	Northern Ndebele	Christianity
Zuni	Zuni language	United States (New Mexico)		Christianity
ꞋAreꞌare	Austronesian → Southeast Solomonic → ꞋAreꞌare	Solomon Islands (Malaita)		Christianity
ǃKung	Kxʼa → ǃKung^{[note 2]}	Namibia (Kalahari Desert)	ǃXun, Ju	Animism

Lists of ethnic groups

by status:

regional lists:

Notes

^ ^a ^b Following the Caucasian War, the majority of Circassians and Abkhazians were deported to Turkey.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y ^z ^aa ^ab ^ac ^ad ^ae ^af ^ag ^ah ^ai ^aj ^ak ^al ^am ^an ^ao ^ap ^aq ^ar ^as ^at ^au ^av ^aw ^ax ^ay ^az ^ba ^bb ^bc ^bd ^be ^bf ^bg ^bh ^bi ^bj ^bk ^bl ^bm ^bn ^bo ^bp ^bq ^br ^bs ^bt ^bu ^bv ^bw ^bx ^by ^bz ^ca ^cb ^cc ^cd ^ce ^cf ^cg ^ch ^ci ^cj ^ck ^cl ^cm ^cn ^co ^cp ^cq ^cr ^cs ^ct ^cu ^cv ^cw ^cx ^cy ^cz ^da ^db ^dc ^dd ^de ^df ^dg ^dh ^di ^dj ^dk ^dl ^dm ^dn ^do ^dp ^dq ^dr ^ds ^dt ^du ^dv ^dw ^dx ^dy ^dz ^ea ^eb ^ec ^ed ^ee ^ef ^eg ^eh ^ei ^ej ^ek ^el ^em ^en ^eo ^ep ^eq ^er ^es ^et ^eu ^ev ^ew ^ex ^ey ^ez ^fa ^fb ^fc ^fd ^fe ^ff ^fg ^fh ^fi ^fj ^fk ^fl ^fm ^fn Language family; with some exceptions, all speakers of the various languages within this family are typically seen as one singular ethnicity.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Non-contiguous homeland. Throughout most of its history (if not its entire history), this ethnic group has lived in separate, isolated communities scattered throughout the countries/subdivisions listed.
^ ^a ^b ^c Assamese ethnic group; the vast majority only speak Assamese.
^ Although Akan is the principal language of the Akan people, the Akan language has only recently been standardized. The majority of Akan people still speak their local dialects, which are usually considered by linguists to be separate languages altogether.
^ Due to historical migrations, about half of the Akan population reside in Ivory Coast.
^ Some time around 1860s, many Akha have been migrating to Myanmar, Laos, and Thailand. Today, the majority reside outside of China.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j Due to the a long history of forced assimilation by the American government, the vast majority only speak English.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Following the passage of the Indian Removal Act, the Cherokee, the Choctaw, the Chickasaw, and the Muscogee were all forced to relocate their entire population to Oklahoma.
^ Due to the influence of assimilation into Acehnese culture, most Aneuk Jamee people use Acehnese as their everyday language.
^ With the exception of Navajo, all Apachean speakers are seen as one ethnicity. However, due to a history of forced assimilation by the American government, the majority can only speak English.
^ The Argobba have typically been a merchant community and usually trades with other ethnic groups; recently, these factors have resulted in the majority only speaking Amharic or Oromo.
^ During the Armenian genocide that occurred in Western Armenia, many Armenians fled to Russia, France, and the United States. Today, the majority reside outside of Greater Armenia, and Western Armenia no longer has an openly Armenian population (the Hemshin largely avoid identifying themselves as being Armenian, while the vast majority of people that are openly Armenian in Turkey reside in Istanbul, which is not a part of Western Armenia).
^ Eonavian is variously classified as a dialect group of Galician, a transitional variety between Galician and Asturian, and as a separate linguistic group.
^ Due to the widespread presence of both Spanish and French, the majority of Basques only have a passive knowledge of their language.
^ Unlike the rest of the Soviet republics, who were able to maintain their native language despite the de facto Russianization during the Soviet era, the Russian language has largely replaced Belarusian in everyday use.
^ The Beti and the Fang form the Beti-Pahuin peoples. While the term Beti is sometimes used interchangeably to refer to the Beti-Pahuin people, the Beti ethnicity is specifically limited to Ewondo and Eton speakers.
^ Due to their historical low status in India, the majority only speak Bengali.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Due to France's long history of promoting the French language at the expense of others, the vast majority only speak French.
^ Otherwise known as Cayapas.
^ Due to the Expulsion of the Chagossians, there are no Chagossians living on the Chagos Archipelago. The majority of Chagossians now live in the United Kingdom, Mauritius, and Seychelles.
^ The last of the Chumashan languages went extinct in 1965 but revival efforts have been ongoing since 2010.
^ The original Egyptian language, which morphed into the Coptic language around the 1st century AD, died out as a spoken language around the 17th century and is now only used for religious ceremonies. Today, the Egyptians, including the Copts, speak Egyptian Arabic.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Due to a long history of English dominance within Great Britain, the Celtic languages within the islands have seen steady decline in use, with some of them eventually going extinct. Although all of them have since seen major language revival movements, English continues to be main language for the majority of this group.
^ ^a ^b Due to the a long history of forced assimilation by the Canadian government, the vast majority can only either speak English.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Largest practiced religion; the majority/plurality of this group are actually non-religious.
^ Due to their historical low status in India, the majority only speak Gujarati.
^ ^a ^b The Flemings and Dutch, particularly Southern Dutch, have many cultural and linguistic characteristics in common, but due to a combination of religious differences and popular stereotypes within the Netherlands and Flanders based on the cultural extremes of the Northern and Southern Dutch regions, most Flemings will not consider themselves ethnically Dutch and vice versa.
^ Endonymically known as iTaukei.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d This ethnic group is largely a nomadic or semi-nomadic one and do not have a particular area to claim as a primary homeland; these countries are listed here due to having a significant population.
^ The Gabrieleno language went extinct around 1900, but revival efforts have been ongoing since the 2000s. Most are fluent in English and/or Spanish
^ Otherwise known as Cagayan.
^ Like its speakers, the Garifuna language is the only remnant of the Island Carib language.
^ Following the Second Carib War, the majority of the Garifuna were deported to Honduras, where they later spread to Guatemala, Belize, and Nicaragua. Since then, Honduras has seen high murder rates, causing many to flee to United States.
^ Many of the Gelao dialects are mutually unintelligible; they are known to intermarry with other ethnic groups; recently, these factors have resulted in most of the populations speaking only Chinese.
^ Although a Nakh people, they are heavily assimilated into Georgian society.
^ Due to their historical low status in India, the majority only speak Hindi.
^ Gorolski is not a distinct language, but rather a group of Lechitic dialects spoken by Gorals that fall into various Lechitic languages.
^ Since Hawaii's annexation into the United States, English has almost completely supplanted Hawaiian.
^ Otherwise known as Kupangese.
^ Following the suppression of Miao Rebellion of 1854–1873, the majority of the Hmong fled further south to Guangxi, Yunnan, Vietnam, and Laos.
^ ^a ^b Refers specifically to the Kinyarwanda and Kirundi dialects. The other speakers of the dialects within the Rwanda-Rundi continuum are considered to be separate from the Hutu, Tutsi, and Twa peoples.
^ The ResearchGate mirror (archive) contains metadata about the presentation.
^ Due to a lack of mutual intelligibility with other Japanese varieties, the Kagoshima/Satsugū^[29]^[30]^[31] and Tsugaru^[32]^{[note 43]} varieties are considered to be distinct languages from other Japanese varieties within a Japanesic language family by the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology within their Glottolog database.^[33]^[34]
^ The majority of the Japanese practiced a syncretised form of Shinto and Buddhism called Shinbutsu-shūgō.
^ Despite the successful revival of the Hebrew language, many Jews continue to speak the various languages that have developed by the diaspora populations, including Yiddish, Ladino, and Judeo-Arabic. In addition, English serves as the lingua franca of Israel.
^ Though many Jewish languages are not genetically related to each other, they are all known to be ethnolects developed by the Jewish diaspora.
^ While Jews originate in the Land of Israel, they were primarily a diaspora ethnicity from the late antique period until 1948, with the Jewish identity being claimed mostly by descendants of those that left Israel following the First Jewish–Roman War. Despite some entire Jewish communities migrating back to Israel, Israeli Jews make up only 45% of the worldwide Jewish population.^[38]
^ The Wapan language have largely replaced Jukun Takum as the main language.
^ The indigenous Kalinago language became extinct in the 1920s. However, an offshoot of it known as Garifuna is still spoken today.
^ The Kaurna language went extinct in 1929 but revival efforts have been ongoing since the 1980s. Most Kaurna people now mainly speak English.
^ Due to both Turkification and the tendency among Georgia-residing Laz to see themselves as being a Georgian subgroup, the majority of Laz either speak Turkish or Georgian.
^ The Lhoba speak a variety of Sino-Tibetan languages, all of which may or may not be mutually intelligible.
^ Due to poor soil condition in Madura, the majority now live on Java.
^ The majority of the Magars have recently switched to Nepali.
^ Otherwise known as Keralites or Keralans.
^ ^a ^b The majority of the Tungusic languages are endangered, and many Tungusic ethnic groups now mostly speak only Russian or Chinese depending on the location of their homeland.
^ Although the Māori have been able to halt the extinction of their language, the majority still only speak English fluently.
^ Due to gradual Hispanicization following the Occupation of Araucania, the majority of Mapuche can only speak Spanish.
^ Most Maronites today speak Arabic since a language shift around the 17th century with Syriac in liturgical use, however some Maronites in Jish are reviving Aramaic.
^ Tutelo went extinct in 1982, leading most Monacans, Saponi, and Occaneechi to speak English. There has been some interest in reviving Tutelo in the 21st century.^[45]
^ The Moriori language went extinct in 1898 but revival efforts have been ongoing since 2001.
^ ^a ^b Shtokavian, Chakavian, Kajkavian, Burgenland Croatian, and Slavomolisano are often considered separate languages depending on classification, but Serbian, Croatian, Bosnian, and Montenegrin are typically considered Shtokavian varieties rather than distinct languages due to high degrees of mutual intelligibility.
^ ^a ^b The Kuki-Chin–Naga language grouping (it is unclear whether the Kuki-Chin–Naga form an actual language family) consists of five to eight branches. Except for Karbi and Meitei, the Kuki-Chin–Naga is divided between the Chin and the Naga. The Mruic and most of the Kuki-Chin speakers are seen as Chin, while speakers of the remaining Kuki-Chin–Naga branches (Ao, Angami–Pochuri, Tangkhulic, and Zeme) and the speakers Northwestern Kuki-Chin are seen as Naga.
^ Occitania, as defined by the modern Occitan linguistic territory, covers most of the current Southern France, the Alpine valleys of the Western Piedmont, in Italy, Val d'Aran in Spain and Monaco^[52]^[53] an area of approximately 190,000 km2.
^ ^a ^b ^c Due to a long history of forced assimilation by both American and Canadian governments, the vast majority can only speak English.
^ Sometimes known as Ulita.
^ Resettled in Hokkaido after 1945.
^ Though many Tasmanian languages are not genetically related to each other, they are all known to be ethnolects developed by the Palawa.
^ Though many Para-Romani languages are not genetically related to each other beyond having a Romani substrate, they are all known to be ethnolects developed by the Romani diaspora.
^ The Rusyn identity is mostly limited to those residing outside of Carpathian Ruthenia. Within Carpathian Ruthenia itself (especially in the Ukrainian region), the majority of its residents identify themselves as being Ukrainian.
^ All Ryukyuan speakers are seen as one ethnicity; however, due to a history of forced assimilation by the Japanese government, the majority can only speak Japanese.
^ Also known as Japanese Gypsies.
^ While they are commonly subsumed into one Siberian Tatar language, the Tobol-Irtysh dialects belong to Kipchak-Nogai while the Baraba and Tom dialects belong to Kipchak-Kyrgyz.
^ The Siddi now speak the dominant language of their region.
^ Due to a history of forced assimilation by the American government, the majority can only speak English.
^ Due to the Sirenik language going extinct, Sirenik people have begun using the related Siberian Yupik language in its place.
^ The Aramaic language morphed into the Neo-Aramaic languages around 1200 AD. Whether the majority of the Arameans are still speaking these languages is unclear, however.
^ ^a ^b The Sri Lankan Tamils and Indian Tamils of Sri Lanka are distinct subgroups. The former are descended from the Tamil community that has lived in Sri Lanka since at least the 2nd century BCE, while the latter are the descendants of 19th- and 20th-century immigrants from South India. Also, most of the Indian Tamil population lives in the country's central highland region, while the native Tamils typically live in the Northern and Eastern Provinces.
^ Due to the widespread presence of Chinese, the majority of Tujia only have a passive knowledge of their language.
^ Due to policies of polonization implemented after World War II, the majority of Vilamovians can only speak Polish.
^ While they are commonly subsumed into one Volga Tatar language, the central dialects belong to Kipchak-Bulgar while the Mishar dialects may belong to Kipchak-Cuman.
^ Due to a history of forced assimilation by the American government, the majority can only speak English.
^ Otherwise known as Azande.
^ Though many Zhuang languages are not closely related to each other, they are all known to be ethnolects spoken among Zhuangs.

References

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^ Oklahoma Indian Affairs Commission. Oklahoma Indian Nations Pocket Pictorial. Archived February 11, 2009, at the Wayback Machine. 2008.
^ Migliazza, Ernest; Grimes, Joseph E. (1961). "Shiriana Phonology". Anthropological Linguistics. 3 (6): 31–41. ISSN 0003-5483. JSTOR 30022319.
^ Elmendorf, William Welcome (1993). Twana narratives: native historical accounts of a Coast Salish culture. UBC Press. p. xxix. ISBN 978-0-7748-0475-2. Retrieved 3 November 2010. See also map on page 2
^ Ognibene, Terri Ann; Browder, Glen (2018), South Carolina's Turkish People: A History and Ethnology, University of South Carolina, p. 64, ISBN 9781611178593
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^ Porsild, Charlene (1998). "Keish (Skookum Jim, James Mason)". In Cook, Ramsay; Hamelin, Jean (eds.). Dictionary of Canadian Biography. Vol. XIV (1911–1920) (online ed.). University of Toronto Press.
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^ Kaji, Shigeki (2007). A Rutooro Vocabulary. PanLex Project The Long Now Foundation. アジア・アフリカ言語文化研究所. pp. 190–196. ISBN 978-4-87297-890-2.
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[Circassian_genocide-3] Following the Caucasian War, the majority of Circassians and Abkhazians were deported to Turkey.

[Language_family-4] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y ^z ^aa ^ab ^ac ^ad ^ae ^af ^ag ^ah ^ai ^aj ^ak ^al ^am ^an ^ao ^ap ^aq ^ar ^as ^at ^au ^av ^aw ^ax ^ay ^az ^ba ^bb ^bc ^bd ^be ^bf ^bg ^bh ^bi ^bj ^bk ^bl ^bm ^bn ^bo ^bp ^bq ^br ^bs ^bt ^bu ^bv ^bw ^bx ^by ^bz ^ca ^cb ^cc ^cd ^ce ^cf ^cg ^ch ^ci ^cj ^ck ^cl ^cm ^cn ^co ^cp ^cq ^cr ^cs ^ct ^cu ^cv ^cw ^cx ^cy ^cz ^da ^db ^dc ^dd ^de ^df ^dg ^dh ^di ^dj ^dk ^dl ^dm ^dn ^do ^dp ^dq ^dr ^ds ^dt ^du ^dv ^dw ^dx ^dy ^dz ^ea ^eb ^ec ^ed ^ee ^ef ^eg ^eh ^ei ^ej ^ek ^el ^em ^en ^eo ^ep ^eq ^er ^es ^et ^eu ^ev ^ew ^ex ^ey ^ez ^fa ^fb ^fc ^fd ^fe ^ff ^fg ^fh ^fi ^fj ^fk ^fl ^fm ^fn Language family; with some exceptions, all speakers of the various languages within this family are typically seen as one singular ethnicity.

[non-contiguous-5] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Non-contiguous homeland. Throughout most of its history (if not its entire history), this ethnic group has lived in separate, isolated communities scattered throughout the countries/subdivisions listed.

[Assam-7] Assamese ethnic group; the vast majority only speak Assamese.

[9] Although Akan is the principal language of the Akan people, the Akan language has only recently been standardized. The majority of Akan people still speak their local dialects, which are usually considered by linguists to be separate languages altogether.

[11] Due to historical migrations, about half of the Akan population reside in Ivory Coast.

[12] Some time around 1860s, many Akha have been migrating to Myanmar, Laos, and Thailand. Today, the majority reside outside of China.

[American_Indians-15] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j Due to the a long history of forced assimilation by the American government, the vast majority only speak English.

[Trail_of_Tears-16] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Following the passage of the Indian Removal Act, the Cherokee, the Choctaw, the Chickasaw, and the Muscogee were all forced to relocate their entire population to Oklahoma.

[Aneuk_Jamee-17] Due to the influence of assimilation into Acehnese culture, most Aneuk Jamee people use Acehnese as their everyday language.

[18] With the exception of Navajo, all Apachean speakers are seen as one ethnicity. However, due to a history of forced assimilation by the American government, the majority can only speak English.

[24] The Argobba have typically been a merchant community and usually trades with other ethnic groups; recently, these factors have resulted in the majority only speaking Amharic or Oromo.

[25] During the Armenian genocide that occurred in Western Armenia, many Armenians fled to Russia, France, and the United States. Today, the majority reside outside of Greater Armenia, and Western Armenia no longer has an openly Armenian population (the Hemshin largely avoid identifying themselves as being Armenian, while the vast majority of people that are openly Armenian in Turkey reside in Istanbul, which is not a part of Western Armenia).

[Eonavian-26] Eonavian is variously classified as a dialect group of Galician, a transitional variety between Galician and Asturian, and as a separate linguistic group.

[27] Due to the widespread presence of both Spanish and French, the majority of Basques only have a passive knowledge of their language.

[28] Unlike the rest of the Soviet republics, who were able to maintain their native language despite the de facto Russianization during the Soviet era, the Russian language has largely replaced Belarusian in everyday use.

[29] The Beti and the Fang form the Beti-Pahuin peoples. While the term Beti is sometimes used interchangeably to refer to the Beti-Pahuin people, the Beti ethnicity is specifically limited to Ewondo and Eton speakers.

[30] Due to their historical low status in India, the majority only speak Bengali.

[France-32] Due to France's long history of promoting the French language at the expense of others, the vast majority only speak French.

[33] Otherwise known as Cayapas.

[Chagossian_expulsion-35] Due to the Expulsion of the Chagossians, there are no Chagossians living on the Chagos Archipelago. The majority of Chagossians now live in the United Kingdom, Mauritius, and Seychelles.

[37] The last of the Chumashan languages went extinct in 1965 but revival efforts have been ongoing since 2010.

[39] The original Egyptian language, which morphed into the Coptic language around the 1st century AD, died out as a spoken language around the 17th century and is now only used for religious ceremonies. Today, the Egyptians, including the Copts, speak Egyptian Arabic.

[Celts-41] Due to a long history of English dominance within Great Britain, the Celtic languages within the islands have seen steady decline in use, with some of them eventually going extinct. Although all of them have since seen major language revival movements, English continues to be main language for the majority of this group.

[First_Nation-42] Due to the a long history of forced assimilation by the Canadian government, the vast majority can only either speak English.

[non-religious-43] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Largest practiced religion; the majority/plurality of this group are actually non-religious.

[46] Due to their historical low status in India, the majority only speak Gujarati.

[Southern_Dutch-47] The Flemings and Dutch, particularly Southern Dutch, have many cultural and linguistic characteristics in common, but due to a combination of religious differences and popular stereotypes within the Netherlands and Flanders based on the cultural extremes of the Northern and Southern Dutch regions, most Flemings will not consider themselves ethnically Dutch and vice versa.

[49] Endonymically known as iTaukei.

[nomadic-51] This ethnic group is largely a nomadic or semi-nomadic one and do not have a particular area to claim as a primary homeland; these countries are listed here due to having a significant population.

[52] The Gabrieleno language went extinct around 1900, but revival efforts have been ongoing since the 2000s. Most are fluent in English and/or Spanish

[54] Otherwise known as Cagayan.

[58] Like its speakers, the Garifuna language is the only remnant of the Island Carib language.

[59] Following the Second Carib War, the majority of the Garifuna were deported to Honduras, where they later spread to Guatemala, Belize, and Nicaragua. Since then, Honduras has seen high murder rates, causing many to flee to United States.

[60] Many of the Gelao dialects are mutually unintelligible; they are known to intermarry with other ethnic groups; recently, these factors have resulted in most of the populations speaking only Chinese.

[61] Although a Nakh people, they are heavily assimilated into Georgian society.

[63] Due to their historical low status in India, the majority only speak Hindi.

[Gorolski-64] Gorolski is not a distinct language, but rather a group of Lechitic dialects spoken by Gorals that fall into various Lechitic languages.

[65] Since Hawaii's annexation into the United States, English has almost completely supplanted Hawaiian.

[66] Otherwise known as Kupangese.

[68] Following the suppression of Miao Rebellion of 1854–1873, the majority of the Hmong fled further south to Guangxi, Yunnan, Vietnam, and Laos.

[Hutu,_Tutsi,_Twa-69] Refers specifically to the Kinyarwanda and Kirundi dialects. The other speakers of the dialects within the Rwanda-Rundi continuum are considered to be separate from the Hutu, Tutsi, and Twa peoples.

[NINJAL_mirror-75] The ResearchGate mirror (archive) contains metadata about the presentation.

[Japanesic-78] Due to a lack of mutual intelligibility with other Japanese varieties, the Kagoshima/Satsugū^[29]^[30]^[31] and Tsugaru^[32]^{[note 43]} varieties are considered to be distinct languages from other Japanese varieties within a Japanesic language family by the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology within their Glottolog database.^[33]^[34]

[81] The majority of the Japanese practiced a syncretised form of Shinto and Buddhism called Shinbutsu-shūgō.

[83] Despite the successful revival of the Hebrew language, many Jews continue to speak the various languages that have developed by the diaspora populations, including Yiddish, Ladino, and Judeo-Arabic. In addition, English serves as the lingua franca of Israel.

[Jewish_languages-84] Though many Jewish languages are not genetically related to each other, they are all known to be ethnolects developed by the Jewish diaspora.

[86] While Jews originate in the Land of Israel, they were primarily a diaspora ethnicity from the late antique period until 1948, with the Jewish identity being claimed mostly by descendants of those that left Israel following the First Jewish–Roman War. Despite some entire Jewish communities migrating back to Israel, Israeli Jews make up only 45% of the worldwide Jewish population.^[38]

[87] The Wapan language have largely replaced Jukun Takum as the main language.

[89] The indigenous Kalinago language became extinct in the 1920s. However, an offshoot of it known as Garifuna is still spoken today.

[91] The Kaurna language went extinct in 1929 but revival efforts have been ongoing since the 1980s. Most Kaurna people now mainly speak English.

[94] Due to both Turkification and the tendency among Georgia-residing Laz to see themselves as being a Georgian subgroup, the majority of Laz either speak Turkish or Georgian.

[95] The Lhoba speak a variety of Sino-Tibetan languages, all of which may or may not be mutually intelligible.

[98] Due to poor soil condition in Madura, the majority now live on Java.

[99] The majority of the Magars have recently switched to Nepali.

[100] Otherwise known as Keralites or Keralans.

[Tungusic-101] The majority of the Tungusic languages are endangered, and many Tungusic ethnic groups now mostly speak only Russian or Chinese depending on the location of their homeland.

[102] Although the Māori have been able to halt the extinction of their language, the majority still only speak English fluently.

[103] Due to gradual Hispanicization following the Occupation of Araucania, the majority of Mapuche can only speak Spanish.

[104] Most Maronites today speak Arabic since a language shift around the 17th century with Syriac in liturgical use, however some Maronites in Jish are reviving Aramaic.

[Tutelo-106] Tutelo went extinct in 1982, leading most Monacans, Saponi, and Occaneechi to speak English. There has been some interest in reviving Tutelo in the 21st century.^[45]

[108] The Moriori language went extinct in 1898 but revival efforts have been ongoing since 2001.

[Serbo-Croatian_language_family-113] Shtokavian, Chakavian, Kajkavian, Burgenland Croatian, and Slavomolisano are often considered separate languages depending on classification, but Serbian, Croatian, Bosnian, and Montenegrin are typically considered Shtokavian varieties rather than distinct languages due to high degrees of mutual intelligibility.

[Chin–Naga-114] The Kuki-Chin–Naga language grouping (it is unclear whether the Kuki-Chin–Naga form an actual language family) consists of five to eight branches. Except for Karbi and Meitei, the Kuki-Chin–Naga is divided between the Chin and the Naga. The Mruic and most of the Kuki-Chin speakers are seen as Chin, while speakers of the remaining Kuki-Chin–Naga branches (Ao, Angami–Pochuri, Tangkhulic, and Zeme) and the speakers Northwestern Kuki-Chin are seen as Naga.

[Monegasque-118] Occitania, as defined by the modern Occitan linguistic territory, covers most of the current Southern France, the Alpine valleys of the Western Piedmont, in Italy, Val d'Aran in Spain and Monaco^[52]^[53] an area of approximately 190,000 km2.

[Assimilation_of_First_Nations-119] Due to a long history of forced assimilation by both American and Canadian governments, the vast majority can only speak English.

[127] Sometimes known as Ulita.

[128] Resettled in Hokkaido after 1945.

[Tasmanian_languages-132] Though many Tasmanian languages are not genetically related to each other, they are all known to be ethnolects developed by the Palawa.

[Para-Romani_languages-141] Though many Para-Romani languages are not genetically related to each other beyond having a Romani substrate, they are all known to be ethnolects developed by the Romani diaspora.

[143] The Rusyn identity is mostly limited to those residing outside of Carpathian Ruthenia. Within Carpathian Ruthenia itself (especially in the Ukrainian region), the majority of its residents identify themselves as being Ukrainian.

[Ryukyuan_languages-144] All Ryukyuan speakers are seen as one ethnicity; however, due to a history of forced assimilation by the Japanese government, the majority can only speak Japanese.

[145] Also known as Japanese Gypsies.

[Siberian_Tatar_dialects-150] While they are commonly subsumed into one Siberian Tatar language, the Tobol-Irtysh dialects belong to Kipchak-Nogai while the Baraba and Tom dialects belong to Kipchak-Kyrgyz.

[151] The Siddi now speak the dominant language of their region.

[152] Due to a history of forced assimilation by the American government, the majority can only speak English.

[Sirenik_language-153] Due to the Sirenik language going extinct, Sirenik people have begun using the related Siberian Yupik language in its place.

[Neo-Aramaic-157] The Aramaic language morphed into the Neo-Aramaic languages around 1200 AD. Whether the majority of the Arameans are still speaking these languages is unclear, however.

[TamilsSriLanka-161] The Sri Lankan Tamils and Indian Tamils of Sri Lanka are distinct subgroups. The former are descended from the Tamil community that has lived in Sri Lanka since at least the 2nd century BCE, while the latter are the descendants of 19th- and 20th-century immigrants from South India. Also, most of the Indian Tamil population lives in the country's central highland region, while the native Tamils typically live in the Northern and Eastern Provinces.

[168] Due to the widespread presence of Chinese, the majority of Tujia only have a passive knowledge of their language.

[Polonization-173] Due to policies of polonization implemented after World War II, the majority of Vilamovians can only speak Polish.

[Volga_Tatar_dialects-174] While they are commonly subsumed into one Volga Tatar language, the central dialects belong to Kipchak-Bulgar while the Mishar dialects may belong to Kipchak-Cuman.

[175] Due to a history of forced assimilation by the American government, the majority can only speak English.

[183] Otherwise known as Azande.

[Zhuang_languages-185] Though many Zhuang languages are not closely related to each other, they are all known to be ethnolects spoken among Zhuangs.

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[2] Goran Burenhult, Traditional Peoples Today: Continuity and Change in the Modern World Illustrated History of Humankind, vol. 5 (1994).

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[Olson_1996-10] Olson, James Stuart (1996). The peoples of Africa: an ethnohistorical dictionary. Santa Barbara, CA: Greenwood Press. p. 18. ISBN 978-0-313-27918-8.

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[22] Chapman, Colin (2012). "Christians in the Middle East – Past, Present and Future". Transformation: An International Journal of Holistic Mission Studies. 29 (2): 91–110. doi:10.1177/0265378812439955. S2CID 145722860.

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[satter-36] Satter, Raphael (4 October 2012). "Scottish man dies, taking town's unique dialect with him". The Toronto Star. Retrieved 30 September 2015. The last native speaker of Alderney French, a Norman dialect spoken in the Channel Islands, died around 1960.

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[44] De McLaurin, Ronald (1979). The Political Role of Minority Groups in the Middle East. Michigan University Press. p. 114. ISBN 9780030525964. Theologically, one would have to conclude that the Druze are not Muslims. They do not accept the five pillars of Islam. In place of these principles the Druze have instituted the seven precepts noted above..

[45] "Druze in Syria". Harvard University. The Druze are an ethnoreligious group concentrated in Syria, Lebanon, and Israel with around one million adherents worldwide. The Druze follow a millenarian offshoot of Isma'ili Shi'ism. Followers emphasize Abrahamic monotheism but consider the religion as separate from Islam.

[mordva-48] Исследование традиционной культуры и быта молокан-эрзя в Армении. НИИ ГН при правительстве Республики Мордовия

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Ethnicity
Concepts	Clan Ethnic group Ethnographic group Ethnolinguistic group Ethnonational group Ethnoreligious group Ethnographic realism Diaspora Immigration / Emigration Hyphenated ethnicity Indigenous peoples In-group and out-groups Meta-ethnicity Metroethnicity Minority group Influence Monoethnicity Nation Nationality Panethnicity Polyethnicity Population Race Supraethnicity Symbolic ethnicity Tribe
Ethnology	Anthropology Ethnic studies Ethnoarchaeology Ethnobiology Ethnobotany Ethnoecology Ethnomycology Ethnozoology Ethnocinema Ethnogeology Ethnography Autoethnography Clinical Critical Institutional Netnography Online Person-centered Salvage Transidioethnography Video Ethnohistory Ethnolinguistics Ethnology Ethnomathematics Ethnostatistics Ethnomedicine Ethnomethodology Ethnomuseology Ethnomusicology Ethnophilosophy Ethnopoetics Ethnopsychopharmacology Ethnoscience Ethnosemiotics Ethnotaxonomy
	World Countries by ethnic groups Africa Americas Indigenous Canada Greenland Mexico United States Caribbean Central America South America Asia Central Asia East Asia Northern Asia South Asia Southeast Asia West Asia Australia Aboriginal groups Torres Strait Islanders Europe Oceania Indigenous European
Identity and ethnogenesis	Cross-race effect Cultural assimilation Cultural identity Demonym Development Endonym Ethnarch Ethnic flag Ethnic option Ethnic origin Ethnic religion Ethnicity in censuses Ethnofiction Ethnonym Folk religion Historical Imagined community Kinship Legendary progenitor Linguistic homeland Mores Mythomoteur Nation-building Nation state National language National myth Origin myth Pantribal sodality Statistext Tribal name Tribalism Detribalization Neotribalism White ethnic
Multiethnic society	Consociationalism Cultural appropriation Diaspora politics Dominant minority Ethnic democracy Ethnic enclave Ethnic interest group Ethnic majority Ethnic media Ethnic nationalism Ethnic pornography Ethnic theme park Ethnoburb Ethnocracy Ethnographic film Ethnographic village Ethnopluralism Indigenous rights Middleman minority Minority rights Model minority Model minority myth Multinational state
Ideology and ethnic conflict	Allophilia Ethnic bioweapon Ethnic cleansing Ethnic hatred Ethnic joke Ethnic party Ethnic penalty Ethnic slurs Ethnic stereotype Ethnic violence Ethnic riots Ethnocentrism Ethnocide Ethnofuturism Ethnosymbolism Indigenism Indigenization Nativism Separatist movements Xenocentrism Xenophilia Xenophobia
Related	Minzu (anthropology)

Ethnic groups

Lists of ethnic groups

See also

Notes

References